My system is not decent

Porcelain with decals and hand-painting at the same time, manifested in decals for upper and lower decorative patterns, and hand-painted main parts.

However, this kind of hand-painting is to use carbon paper to expand the picture on the blank or porcelain, and then manually color it.

This kind of craft is more commonly used in fish tanks.

Where decals are used on porcelain, no matter how many, the porcelain cannot be too expensive.

From the analysis of the porcelain body, most of the porcelain bodies of applique porcelain are relatively rough, no matter whether they are high-grade white clay or not.

Except for high-grade daily-use porcelain, decals will not be used on good porcelain bodies.

If it is Zhouchao porcelain, all you see so far are decals.

In addition, it is also common for Jingzhen porcelain to use Zhouchao decals.

There are many places where decals are used, such as tableware, flower pots, various fish tanks, various large vases, and small vases.

Printed with decorative patterns and printed with decorative patterns, it is artificially drawn and is different from decals.

All these crafts and characteristics determine whether applique porcelain is valuable for collection.

In fact, it still depends on its historical characteristics and quantity, and it cannot be generalized.

Of course, if you are engaged in collection, you should try to avoid decal porcelain as much as possible.

The above four decoration methods are all directly carved and decorated for the porcelain body that has not yet dried out, so it is also called the body decoration method.

Its appearance has a close and inseparable relationship with the social aesthetic orientation at that time.

It also plays a positive and effective role in improving the appearance quality of utensils, enhancing appreciation, and enriching artistic expression.

These crafts are basic skills for real insiders.

If you put your heart down to study and work, even if you can't do the basic skills at the beginning, you will improve after a long time.

Recently, Chen Wenzhe's growth rate has been very fast. Even if he studies the carving technique, he can easily master a large number of methods for making porcelain in Ding kilns.

It can be said that as long as the carving skills pass the test and some Ding kiln porcelains are produced, there is absolutely no problem.

Of course, some special techniques still need to be reviewed.

For example, gold color, a craft that achieved brilliance in the Qing Dynasty, actually began to be used in the Song Dynasty, and the gold color of Ding Kiln is particularly famous.

There are clear records of gold color in the literature. According to Song Dynasty Zhou Mi's "Zhi Ya Tang Miscellaneous Copy": "Golden flower fixed bowls are painted with garlic juice, and then fired in kilns, and they will never come off again."

It is impossible to get rid of it forever. Over the years, some porcelains with golden color crafts in Ding kiln that have been handed down to the present have all appeared dilapidated.

For example, there are three white-glazed golden colored cloud and dragon dishes in the Palace Museum.

In addition, the Neon Nehak Art Museum and the Wenhua Museum respectively have a black-glazed gold-painted flower pattern bowl.

It's just that, on the porcelain before the Yuan Dynasty, all the golden colors were more or less peeled off.

Even if it doesn't fall off now, remember not to use a feather duster to clean it, otherwise the golden color will fall off as soon as you sweep it, remember, remember.

Chen Wenzhe had studied gold-coloured crafts in the Qing Dynasty before, so now he is only a little familiar with the crafts of the Song Dynasty, knowing that the Song Dynasty lagged behind the Qing Dynasty, that's all.

To imitate ancient porcelain, the most taboo is to take modern technology for granted.

For example, gold color, the same craft, because the age is different, the craft is also different.

The "golden color" in the official kiln porcelain of the past dynasties must be different.

Jincai refers to a porcelain-making technique that uses gold-colored glaze as decoration.

Gold, a precious metal, has had an extremely noble status in people's minds since ancient times, and it is naturally indispensable to use it to decorate porcelain.

The golden color decoration process on ceramics is mainly divided into three stages of development.

First, the stage of gold foil decoration.

Second, the principal decoration stage.

The third stage is the foreign gold decoration stage.

Under normal circumstances, we can roughly determine the age range of its production according to the characteristics of gold color on the utensils.

We are now very familiar with the porcelain painted with gold.

But in the Tang, Song, Yuan and Ming Dynasties, I don't know much about it. In fact, in that period, gold foil decorations were generally used.

In the Tang Dynasty, there were gold-painted pottery figurines, but the number was very small.

After the Song Dynasty, the number of porcelain decorated with gold color gradually increased.

Especially among the handed down products, there are also black glaze and sauce glaze gold color setters.

However, Jincai porcelain in the Song Dynasty is still a small number in general.

The reason is that it is very likely that the Jincai processing technology at this time does not belong to the category of ceramic processing technology.

It should be processed by the gold shop at that time, which belongs to another business.

Because we rarely find gold-colored porcelain pieces in ancient kiln sites, but they are occasionally found in ancient tombs, ancient cellars, and ancient cultural relics.

There are two main ways to decorate porcelain with gold leaf.

One is gilding, and the other is gilding.

In "Tiangong Kaiwu" in the Ming Dynasty, the production process of gold leaf was described.

As far as gold is concerned, it is gorgeous and precious in the world, so it is artificially made into foil and then applied.

All gold leaf, every seven centimeters of gold makes a thousand pieces of gold per square inch, sticking to the surface of the object, it can cover three feet vertically and horizontally.

When making gold foil, after it is thinly sliced, it is wrapped in black gold paper, and it is pushed hard to form it.

Gold paste is to use a brush to directly dip in the glue to write or draw patterns on the surface of the porcelain.

When the glue is half dry, paste the gold foil and press it tightly.

After the glue dries, use a hard-bristled brush to brush off the gold foil outside the pattern, leaving only the gold pattern on the glued area.

Gold-cutting is to use hard tools to chisel on the glaze surface, then fill the chiseled grooves with glue and paste gold, and then remove the gold foil outside the grooves after the glue dries.

Whether it is the former or the latter, the ancients could not do without the use of glue to paste gold foil.

As for what kind of glue they used, there are different opinions. Some say they use garlic juice, and some say they use raw lacquer. It is still an unsolved mystery.

The glue used to affix gold foil is all organic matter, and it has been mostly dissolved today after hundreds of years.

In addition, the coating is very thin, and there are very few people left, so it cannot be cracked by non-high-tech means.

At this time, the gold color is not firm enough, and most of the preserved ones have peeled off, leaving only traces.

It can be seen that because of the high cost of the gold leaf decoration process, the practicability is poor.

Therefore, there were very few adopters back then, and even fewer were preserved. However, as long as they can be preserved to the present, they are all national treasures.

Although the ancient golden color craft has various defects, but if you want to imitate ancient porcelain, you have to understand it.

Strictly speaking, the golden color processing technology at that time did not belong to the color firing process in ceramic technology.

That kind of craft is similar to gold lacquer inlay, and it belongs to the later stage of deep processing other than ceramic production.

Although there are many defects, the use of gold decorative utensils is the most gorgeous and seems to be the most noble.

Gold, no matter ancient or modern, has a very important position in people's minds.

Since this is the case, the ancients will naturally not give up.

Therefore, in the Qing Dynasty, principal decorations began to be used.

This is the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty, and the imperial factory began to use a new gold color craft.

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