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The first emperor Yingzheng was extremely angry, and it was a matter of reason, so he "made the imperial envoys to ask all the students about the case, and all the students told each other, and they were expelled. More than 460 people who violated the ban were all buried in Xianyang, so that the world would know about it." To punish later."

Qin Shihuang Yingzheng adopted the method: "All life is passed on to tell each other, it is self-elimination", clarify yourself, expose other people, and those who can clarify themselves can be exempted from guilt. In the end, it was found that there were more than 460 people who violated the ban or violated the law. Killed in Xianyang, the purpose of the pit killing is "to make the world know and punish the future".

That is to educate future generations not to engage in fraud.Xianyang's special political and cultural environment makes pitting "Confucianism" have a strong demonstration effect of "letting the world know it and punish the future".

The real reason why Shihuang pitted "Confucianism" may be that these alchemists with a Confucian background did not make the immortal medicine as scheduled, and they would be punished according to the law for breaking the ban.The incident of Shihuang pitting "Confucianism" is similar to the incident of killing a middleman because the middleman leaked secrets, and the purpose is to learn from the past and learn from the future.

"At the beginning of the world, the head of Guizhou has not yet been gathered. All living beings are reciting the Dharma of Confucius. Today, they all pay attention to the Dharma and bring them to justice. The ministers are afraid that the world will be uneasy. Only the superiors will observe them."

According to the modern language explanation, it is: the society is in chaos, and the people’s hearts have not yet been fully supported. Although the people you want to kill are guilty, they are all disciples of Confucius. They study Confucius’ theories, and Confucius’ students are all over the world. If today You have severely punished them, I am worried that the world will be in chaos, please think twice, let these people go, right?

Fusu's suggestion is not completely correct. This suggestion undermines the fairness and impartiality of the law, and may even endanger the operation of the law. It's a natural reaction. Daren is hidden in "Travel".

Of course, any uninterpreted historical event is an isolated existence with little value and significance.

Only human interpretation can make static and isolated historical events become active and connected events, and only human beings are the only source of meaning and value for historical events.

Different people assign different values ​​and meanings.Any event is a complex value complex piled up by multiple explanations.

There is no event with only a single interpretation text, and there is no interpretation superior to other interpretations. Different interpretation texts have different value orientations and existential meanings.

The same historical event can be interpreted differently from different angles, and can lead to different values ​​and meanings.

History is written by literati.Every literati who writes history writes history with his own worldview and methodology, which will inevitably be influenced by his own knowledge background;

In the process of writing history, consciously or unconsciously, intentionally or unintentionally, there are limitations of one's own knowledge and understanding.

Wei Liao had some criticisms about Qin Wang Yingzheng, but "Qin Wangjue, Gu Zhi, thought Qin Guowei, and died using his strategy", Wei Liao saw it without killing him; Hou Sheng Lu Sheng had some criticisms about the first emperor Yingzheng, but he was killed .

Wei Liao and Lu Sheng also complained about King Qin Yingzheng, but their destinies were completely different. What's the difference?Wei Liao puts forward the strategy of governing the country with a positive attitude, but it doesn't work if he has a public heart, and he doesn't see glory when he sees wealth, so he resigns and leaves.

Lu Sheng's alchemy is a deception. When the deception is about to be revealed, he resigns and dies. The deception is selfish. He sees the rich but does not see the glory. He dies after resigning, so he is killed.

The first emperor killed the middle class to frighten the people around him, and there was little criticism, but he killed alchemists with a Confucian background to frighten the world, which was criticized.

The warm and cold here is: Chinese people are common people and have no right to speak, while Confucian scholars are literati and have the right to speak, and history is written by literati.

Qin Shihuang Yingzheng's name of "tyranny" is worthy of discussion and discussion.

From the analysis of the limited incidents recorded in the simple text of "Historical Records", behind the two major incidents of Qin Shihuang's burning of books and pitting "Confucianism" should be said to be the manifestation of competition and conflict between two social systems, two cultures, and two great schools.

The institutional competition between the prefecture and county system of the Qin State and the vassal system of the old six countries caused cultural conflicts and led to the burning of books; It is not simply a pit of "Confucianism".

Later, the reason why this incident was exaggerated as simply cheating "Confucianism" was also the result of school disputes, because the Confucian scholars who recited Confucius intentionally or unintentionally belittled the legalist theory in order to promote their own theory, and tried their best to belittle the political and cultural system of the Qin Dynasty. Choice, of course, is a reasonable choice.

The final result of this dispute between schools, on the one hand, ended the social system of prefectures and counties created by the Qin State, and replaced it with the centralized princely system of the Han Dynasty. In a sense, the revival of the princely system is a kind of social system. Regression; on the other hand, the rise of Confucianism has changed the strategic policy and plan of Qin Wang Yingzheng to rule the country by law and use Confucianism to stabilize the hearts of the people.

It is inevitable to be biased in evaluating the cultural politics of the Qin State from the theoretical point of view of Confucianism, and it is inevitable to modify the cultural politics of the Qin State in order to highlight the status of Confucianism.The "tyranny" of Qin Shihuang Yingzheng is likely to be a "tyranny" in words, a "tyranny" written and interpreted in words, a modified "tyranny", not an actual "tyranny".

In Chinese history, the Qin State under Qin Shihuang's Ying politics may have been the most enlightened and prosperous era ever.

However, the incident in which Qin’s second emperor died in an instant, and the artificial modification of the incident that was naturally formed under the pressure of the subsequent cultural school competition, may have completely covered up the real history.

This kind of interpretation to cover up the real history and the "real" historical events produced by the interpretation may be a huge disaster for the development of the Chinese nation.

This incident terminated the philosophy and humanities of the Qin State that "the world is not a world of one person, but the world of the world. The sum of yin and yang does not grow into one category; political ideas.

The policy of "everything depends on the law" formed under this concept was terminated, and the political system model of the prefecture and county system corresponding to this concept was terminated, but it was replaced by the political and cultural concept of the family and the corresponding princely system political system.

The historical event of Qin II's demise not only ruined the history of Qin, but also ruined the basis for the improvement of China's social and political systems. In addition, due to the seemingly perfect Confucian benevolent government, it even blocked the cultural basis for institutional innovation.

After the fall of the Qin Dynasty, the revival of Confucianism and its transformation into orthodoxy may be one of the root causes of the regression and stagnation of China's social and political system, and China is also in the conflict of centralization and decentralization of power The periodic law of splitting, splitting, and rejoining is cyclical and oscillating endlessly.

History is a frail little girl waiting to be groomed.

As an important modification tool, words can express, explain and deconstruct the world of rights, which is awe-inspiring and terrifying.

After more than [-] years of modification of the text, Qin State, this little girl drifting in the long river of history, has been modified and dressed up as a synonym for "tyranny", but the real Qin State is likely to have a highly developed culture, rich people's lives, and a clean government. The flourishing age of harmony.

As a kind of symbol, the powerful modification effect of words is amazing. The words fully demonstrate its infinite modification power and charm through its description, expression, interpretation and deconstruction ability. Its power can make real events Become blurred, become less real, even fake.

The "tyranny" history of the Qin legalists written by Confucian scholars completely hides the prosperity and prosperity under the "tyranny", so that the real history seems so unreal?