My system is not decent

So, is the bronze mirror fragile or strong?

In fact, Qian Zhongshu's experimental results are correct, but the conclusion is wrong.

According to modern analysis of the alloy composition of ancient bronze mirrors, the content of copper, tin and lead in bronze mirrors from Qijia culture to the late Western Zhou Dynasty was unstable.

The bronze mirrors of this period had low tin content, reddish-yellow color, soft texture and poor reflection effect;

From the Warring States Period to the Tang and Five Dynasties, most of them were high-tin bronzes containing lead.

The composition is generally 72% copper, 22% tin, and 5% lead. Most of them contain no zinc or the content is very low, and the hardness is high. It is suitable for casting various patterns, but it is easy to break;

From Song to Ming and Qing Dynasties, the composition is generally 70% copper, 6% tin, 13% lead, and mostly more than 10% zinc.

Due to the rise of porcelain, bronze mirrors focused on economy, practicality and ease of manufacture, thus reducing the content of tin and increasing the content of lead and zinc to facilitate casting.

This results in a softer texture, moldy patterns, and even distortion, but the bronze mirror is not easy to break.

Through component analysis, it can be seen that the bronze mirrors before the Song Dynasty contained high tin content, high hardness, brittle texture, and easy to break;

The word "Cuoshi" was put forward by Rong Geng in "Shang Zhou Yiware General Research", the ancient bronze ware inlaid with turquoise was seldom ground wrongly, so it should be called "Cuoshi" together with Jincuo, so Rong Geng called it "Cuoshi".

The entire surface of the mirror body is made with the metalwork decoration technique "cross-stone".

However, the copper mirrors after the Song Dynasty contained lower tin content, higher lead and zinc content, lower hardness, softer texture, and were not easy to break.

"The Book of Songs Heming" says that "the jade from other mountains cannot be wronged".

And the hollowed-out vases of Yongzheng in the Qing Dynasty did not draw inspiration from the embedded body.

Composition in the shape of an axe is extremely rare so far.

That fault is an ordinary stone, which usually acts as a polisher, and it plays an important role in the creation of jade wares.

Use the color contrast between bronze and other materials to make the embedded patterns or characters more vivid, vivid and beautiful.

History is a mirror that can look back on the past, see the present clearly, and inspire the future.

The so-called bronze embedding process is to embed filaments of other materials on the surface of cast bronzes.

The mirror body is divided into eight ring-shaped areas from the inside to the inside, the inner ring area is decorated with flower bud-shaped patterns, and the inner ring area is decorated with deformed cloud patterns.

An inscription on a gilt bronze dendrobium inlaid with turquoise from the Han Dynasty calls the turquoise "Qing Bi Min (Mei) Xian".

The inlay materials of bronze ware, as far as we know, mainly include red copper, turquoise, jade, gold, silver, iron and so on.

I haven't said it as "stone fault", those are unreasonable.

The small bronze mirror, reflecting the thousand-year history, has become a treasure of cultural heritage and a metaphor for history.

In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Lv Changgang was called "Qingbi", so Cuoshi was also called "Bicuo".

It cannot be said that the craftsmanship is wrongly embedded, the Taoist culture and the Warring States Period, and it has been passed down for thousands of years.It's a pity that the bronze mirrors that Chen Wenzhe saw outside were all imitations.

That kind of craftsmanship is not reflected in the bronze ware, and it is not the embedding process of the bronze ware.

In that way, it can better reflect its characteristics under the color.

That makes a utensil not only have practical value, but also endow it with artistic effect and cultural value.

Like the Warring States period, a copper pot with a pattern of banquets and battles embedded in it was unearthed in Baihuatan, Sichuan.

Those techniques are still indispensable processes besides ceramic techniques and withering techniques until today.

It is a big pot, because it is wrongly embedded, it cannot reveal the various life styles of the Warring States Period, and it cannot let you see through it the various forms of the Warring States Period that are full of singing and dancing, killing and fighting.

Then use staggered stones to smooth the surface of the bronze ware, thus forming decorative patterns or characters.

They all adopt the technology of embedding, and those abnormal pots and bottles have the same cultural connotation without the embedding.

Unearthed in Linzi, Qilu, the eight-needle bronze mirror with gold, silver and turquoise interlaced in the Warring States period was interspersed with gold wires under thick cloud patterns, and the ground was inlaid with turquoise. The craftsmanship is very low.

And like embedding, it has become an important way of decoration of utensils, showing the style of the Warring States together.

The Goujian sword of Yue King unearthed from the tomb of Chu in Wangshan, Jiangling, Beihu.

But when making some common utensils, there may only be no inlay but flatness.

The prosperous period of the whole bronze inlay technology is the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, generally the Warring States Period.

Embedded wrong, embedded wrong, naturally cannot be divided into "embedded" and "wrong".

For example, under the copper pot with the pattern of feasting and attacking wars embedded in the Warring States Period, seven layers of pictures were drawn.

That mirror is very complicated, because many techniques used by modern people are used under it.

Looking at it then, did he feel the dazzling light of "embedding"?

This mirror is round and has a predestined relationship.

That is to say, outside the chisel groove of the wrong copper mirror, the green evergreen is glued with lacquer liquid, and then polished.

Besides, I haven't wrongly embedded copper bottles with dragon, phoenix and cloud patterns in the Warring States period......

"Inlaying" does not mean carving grooves on the surface of the utensils, inserting gold and silver wires into the grooves, and beating them firmly.

If there is no bronze ware with turquoise or gemstones, etc., and no one part is inlaid, it needs to be ground and smoothed.

Especially the combination of gold and silver silk and turquoise, the color is more gorgeous.

Generally, the appearance of ironware in the early Warring States period made gold, silver and gilt widely used.

Under the surface of the bronze ware, pieces of silk of other materials are embedded, and then the surface of the bronze ware is ground and smoothed with staggered stones to form decorations or characters.

The wrong stone generally refers to turquoise.

It is one of the ancient metal fine work decoration techniques, in which turquoise is glued and inlaid with lacquer liquid outside the chisel groove of the wrong copper ware, and then ground and processed by the wrong way, which is called "wrong stone".

Therefore, Mr. Qian Zhongshu's spirit of "throwing copper mirrors to test the classics" is commendable, but he threw bronze mirrors after the Song Dynasty, so the conclusion will naturally be wrong.

The technology of inlaying Changgang began in the Xia Dynasty; the technology of inlaying red copper originated in the Shang Dynasty;

As a decorative craft of bronze ware, inlaying was widely used in the middle and early Warring States period.

When it comes to "inlay", it is difficult for people to think of "inlay", there is a mistake!They are one family.

The diameter g of that mirror.

However, if the imitation is done badly, it is of little collection value, such as the bronze mirror of the Warring States Period behind the eyes.

Although embedding has been widely used in the production of handicrafts, the gold, silver and gilt derived from embedding are still in use.

Not only that, "wrong" is still a common procedure in your traditional crafts, with a history of more than two thousand years.

Because the color contrast between the bronze and the other li is the same material, the embedded patterns or characters are more turbid, vivid and ugly, making the utensils full of artistic effects.

So there is nothing surprising about the modern mosaic?And that answer is "wrong".

Picking mulberry on the first floor, feasting on the seventh floor, attacking on the eighth floor, and hunting on the seventh floor.

It's not because of the inheritance of various cultures. Up to now, there is still no saying: no kind of craft is called "embedding error", and no kind of culture is called "Warring States"!

That is one side, an imitation mirror embedded in turquoise stone from the Warring States period to the early post-Han period.

As the main body of the Central District, it is mainly an octagonal geometric composition, shaped like an axe or a spear of a weapon in the Warring States Period.

A copper square pot with cloud patterns embedded in the Warring States Period, unearthed in Xinjin.