My system is not decent

Since 3000 BC, gold millet technology (or welding bead technology) has been born.

Around the ninth century BC to the first century BC, the Interruscans in central Italy developed it to a perfect level.

With the opening of the land and sea Silk Road in the Han Dynasty, this exquisite skill was introduced into our country.

And it shined brilliantly in metalworking in Han and Tang Dynasties, becoming one of the eight major gold crafts in China.

The technique of fried beads was an important inlay decoration method for gold products in the Tang Dynasty in my country. The Tang people vividly called it "golden millet".

Although called golden millet, these golden beads are much smaller than corn, usually around 1 mm in diameter.

Fried Beads - cut the equidistant pure gold into small line segments, sprinkle them on the charcoal, melt and condense into round beads with fire.

Then sieve the larger particles, densely spread on the metal embryo and weld them together to become the decorative texture on the surface of the utensils, also known as "linked bead pattern" or "fish egg pattern".

Why do fried beads need to be melted on charcoal? The purpose is to use charcoal ash as a base to support the condensed gold beads, so that the particles can form a complete spherical shape.

High-purity gold does not oxidize when it is melted, so pure gold can be joined by melting and contacting the two ends directly without relying on solder.

Modern jewelry technology developers, while developing new products, have not stopped focusing on the integration and innovation of traditional craftsmanship, and create fewer jewelry products that are rich in cultural heritage and charm, but also in line with contemporary aesthetics.

The first step in the bead frying process is to melt low-purity gold at low temperature, and then use a metal filter to place it under a wooden barrel filled with water.

At the same time, the container should be rotated, and the heat-condensed gold beads will form a circle on the rolling, and this method can produce a real "golden millet".

Moreover, they were all the daily necessities of the royal family at that time, such as various silver pots and gold cups, incense burners, coins, jade belts and gold ornaments, etc.

To this day, you can still see a small number of Indian handicrafts using metal beads.

Except for pure gold or pure silver with low fineness, other metals such as copper, iron, tin, etc., because the surface is covered with an oxide layer before melting, the characteristics of the metal are that it is conducive to water flow and melts and dissolves into beads, and it is useful To apply the bead blasting process.

Of course, there are not many skilled craftsmen in your country who can use that kind of craftsmanship to produce very few exquisite works.

According to records, as early as the 1st century AD, metal bead technology was widely used in jewelry making.

The seventh step is to pour the melted liquid gold into the strainer while it is cold, so that the liquid gold will stop dripping.

For example, Yinba jewelry craftsmen have developed and passed on that technology.

In the Xishan History Museum, "Little Tang Relics" has always been one of the exhibition halls that people hate to check in the most.

That is the metal welding technique, and after it is widely used, it is the most common jewelry decoration method.

Come here, after some investigation and identification, and according to the inscriptions under some gold objects, determine the burial time of those relics.

But that also requires the goldsmith to not have a good grasp of the temperature, so it is difficult for the gold millet to collapse.

After observation, the master craftsmen found that the manufacture of Chai Ningzheng was an ancient gold craft, that is, fried beads.

For example, the exquisite cultural relics unearthed in the cellar of Hejia Village have amazed countless audiences who have come to admire the name.

It originated in the Han Dynasty, but because it is less difficult to manufacture and has no lower requirements for welding technology.

The back of the golden comb is less than a thousand years old now, but now you can still see that those big golden beads are extremely exquisite, and they have not loosened or fallen off at all.

This phenomenon of melting without producing an oxide layer is called "water leakage", and fried beads are produced by using such metal characteristics.

There are not even some skilled craftsmen who have copied small batches of ancient exquisite jewelry.

For a while, the experts also had no clue, and they came to consult several master goldsmiths, and only then did they solve the mystery of the manufacture of the back of the gold comb.

Before encountering water, large golden beads with distinct particles are formed, and then the golden beads are picked up and selected to be suitable for use.

Traditional craftsmanship is the treasure left to you by your ancestors, and the spirit of craftsmanship is tangible wealth.

Combining ancient craftsmanship with modern design concepts can make tradition and innovation collide with wonderful sparks.

For example, "The spring breeze blows to the ground at the dance place, and don't give you a hair comb when you come back" (Wang Jian's "Gong Ci"), "You comb your hair all over, and apply a round dimple in front of you" (Yuan Zhen's "Hateful Makeup").

The eighth step is to arrange the gold beads into corresponding patterns on the surface of the gold comb, and then put them under the charcoal and weld them coldly. In October 1970, in Hejia Village on the outskirts of Chang'an City, when a villager was digging the foundation for a new house, they accidentally dug out two small pottery urns.

After counting, there were less than 1000 cultural relics discovered that time.

Among them, none of the large pure gold combs is particularly eye-catching.

According to the previous measurement, the back length of the gold comb is about 7.9 cm, the height is about 1.5 cm, and the thickness is about 0.34 cm.

Charcoal ash can also be subdivided into three methods, the first one is to melt gold and drop it into the charcoal ash.

Even the gold jewelry itself will have orange peel lines, which will affect the appearance.

Therefore, it also makes some experts wonder, how did ancient craftsmen make it?

The metal bead craft has been widely circulated in the seven ancient civilizations.

The third is to beat the gold into thin slices, then cut them into large pieces, and put them in charcoal ashes to cool them.

Through the study of inscriptions, it is deduced that its owner may be Liu Zhen, the envoy of Shangshu Zuyong at that time, who fled due to the war and buried it.

The back of the golden comb is in the shape of a half crescent, which was a kind of headgear for women and men at that time.

Those things have only extremely low artistic value, and also represent the lowest level of gold and silverware manufacturing in the Tang Dynasty at that time.

The most surprising thing is that there are not many delicate large gold beads welded on its surface, and its diameter is about 0.5 mm.

It was made of two pieces of gold hammered together, and there was no exquisite edging inside.

What is the magic craft?If it is a craft of learning knowledge.

Chen Wenzhe naturally hated antiques the most, and the processing and production of gold and silverware, if you can only avoid the Tang Dynasty.

The covenant was buried by its owner during the Mutiny in Jingyuan during the reign of Emperor Dezong of Tang Dynasty.

In the "Tiangong Kaiwu" of the Ming Dynasty, fried beads were not mentioned when explaining the manufacturing process of goldware.

Therefore, until the Tang Dynasty, with the continuous deepening of exchanges with the West, craftsmen learned the advanced welding technology of the West, and then fried beads stopped rising.

At that time, the back of the gold comb was considered an attractive decoration, so it must be beautiful if it is made.

The most important thing is that the outside is also filled with all kinds of extremely exquisite gold, silver and jade objects.

But the operation must be successful. The golden millet stands under the gold surface, round and three-dimensional, dry and vivid, which is extremely helpful for the depiction of some flower decorations.

Arrange the chai ning under the gold ornaments, and then take the whole thing to Kallang.

The second is to use natural gold sand directly, heat it and put it in a pot filled with charcoal ash.

For example, a gold comb back is one of the representatives.

Although it seems to be eye-catching, its manufacturing process is unique.