My system is not decent

The discovery of the Suining cellar was purely accidental. It was accidentally discovered by local farmer Wang Shilun when he dug his elder brother Wang Shiquan's family's vegetable garden.

They quickly reported the case, and experts from the cultural relics department entered the scene two days later.

After excavation, 985 pieces of Song Dynasty porcelain were unearthed at the site.

The excavation of Suining Song porcelain cellar has caused a huge sensation at home and abroad.

In particular, the pot with a lotus leaf shape unearthed is 31.3 cm high, 23.8 cm wide, and the largest belly circumference is close to one meter.

This type of utensil was previously identified as appearing in the Yuan Dynasty, and the unearthed piece in the Suining cellar is not only the largest piece of porcelain among Longquan celadons in the Southern Song Dynasty, but also the only one of the same shape among Song porcelains, which can be called a national treasure.

As for the porcelain hidden by the group of tomb robbers that Chen Wenzhe saw, many of them were national treasures.

For example, the three-legged porcelain vase with celadon glaze and string pattern from the Longquan kiln of the Southern Song Dynasty, the celadon-glazed lotus-petal pattern porcelain plate of the Longquan kiln of the Southern Song Dynasty, the large porcelain plum vase with celadon-white glaze and engraved flower patterns carved from the JDZ kiln of the Southern Song Dynasty, and the animal-foot tripod with a celadon-white glaze and plain surface from the JDZ kiln of the Southern Song Dynasty Porcelain Furnace etc.

There are many other treasures, such as Jingzhen kiln blue and white glazed toad-shaped three-legged porcelain water bowl in the Southern Song Dynasty, three-legged porcelain pen and ink insert with green and white glaze printed on Jingzhen kiln in the Southern Song Dynasty, and blue and white glazed phoenix in Jingzhen kiln in the Southern Song Dynasty. First-class porcelain water injection.

There are also more precious ones, such as some tripods, statues, and furnaces.

For example, the Jingzhen kiln of the Southern Song Dynasty has a blue-and-white glazed embossed lotus pattern porcelain statue, and the Jingzhen kiln of the Southern Song Dynasty has a blue-and-white glazed octagonal tripod-style porcelain furnace.

Since ancient times, Sichuan Province has been less affected by wars and its economy has continued to develop.

By the time of the Tang Dynasty, there was a saying that "promote one and benefit two", and Sichuan was already one of the largest cities in the country.

In 1165, the Southern Song Dynasty and Jin reached the Longxing Peace Agreement.

By 1228, during the 63 years before the Mongolian army first invaded Sichuan Province, the threat of foreign enemies in Sichuan Province was basically eliminated.

During this period, except for the short-lived Wu Xi rebellion, the overall peace and the people's well-being.

For the Southern Song court, which was located in the south of the Yangtze River, Sichuan Province once contributed one-third of the national tax revenue.

This situation was not broken until the full-scale outbreak of the Song-Mongol War.

By combing these hoards, it can be found that they present three main characteristics.

First, most of the years of cellar storage were concentrated in the 1208 years from the Southern Song Ningzong Jiading to the Southern Song Dynasty's demise (1279-70);

Second, the distribution location is mainly in the Sichuan Basin in the central part of Sichuan Province, from Ya'an and Lushan in the west to the north of the Yangtze River in the south.

At that time, it belonged to the densely populated and economically affiliated areas of Sichuan Province;

Third, most of the items were buried by wealthy households.

During this period, it was the period when the Mongolian army and the resistance forces of the Song Dynasty repeatedly saw each other in Sichuan Province.

The main concentration of cellars is also the main battlefield or the marching route of the Yuan army.

In other words, these hoards were probably a little seed that people planted for their future return to their homeland during the raging war at that time.

Regrettably, the owners of these utensils should have never been able to return to their hometown.

The most famous of these should be the cellars left by a family named Dong.

Time goes back to the last years of Duanping in the Southern Song Dynasty. The Dong Mansion, a large family in Pengzhou City on Chuandufu Road, heard that the Mongols had broken through Jianzhou (now Jiange) and entered.

They predicted that Chengdu would fall sooner or later, so they decided to bury the gold and silver utensils used daily in the house, and wait until the war was over before taking them out.

Sure enough, in September of the same year, the Mongolian army invaded Chengdu in just over a month.

They swept all the way and lost their lives.

After the people from the Dong Mansion left, even though the war had already been pacified, the people from the Dong Mansion never came back.

Perhaps, their whole family was brutally killed in the flames of war, or perhaps they had embarked on the road of escape, but never had the chance to return to their homeland.

We don't know the specific situation.

And

These shining treasures were buried in the dark underground for nearly 800 years, and never returned to the lively dining table in Dong's house.

It was not until the winter of 1993, when Pengzhou City, Sichuan Province was renovating the commercial area, that the door to this treasure was opened inadvertently.

More than 350 pieces of gold and silverware are hidden in it, and more than 250 pieces are engraved with inscriptions, among which "Dong", "Dong's house" and "Dong's house in Longxi County" appear repeatedly.

This has also become an important clue to speculate on the owner of the gold and silverware.

The result of this accidental discovery is the Pengzhou gold and silver cellar, which is known as "the first cellar of gold and silver in the world".

This batch of Pengzhou gold and silverware represents the highest level of gold and silverware in the Song Dynasty.

The evaluation of this batch of Pengzhou Song Dynasty gold and silver wares is really not low.

Even now,

Do not underestimate the weight of this sentence.

You must know that gold and silver wares in the Song Dynasty have become an indispensable part of people's daily life.

They are no longer exclusive to princes and nobles, but have also entered the lives of ordinary people.

In the Song Dynasty restaurant in "A Picture of Shanghe During the Qingming Festival", perhaps the people inside are drinking wine with wine pots and wine holders made of gold and silver.

!

It’s really not showing off. If you go to a wine shop and teahouse in the Song Dynasty, it is very normal for the store to entertain you with cups made of silver.

In the notes of Song people, there are many records about gold and silver wares.

In "Tokyo Menghualu" written by Meng Yuanlao, the gold and silver wares in the Bianjing restaurant are described in this way.

"In any hotel, no matter who you are, if two people sit opposite each other to drink, you must also use a set of bowls, two sets of plates, five pieces of fruit and vegetable dishes each, and three or five water and vegetable bowls, that is, nearly a hundred taels of silver. Although there is one person Drinking alone, the bowl is also made of silver bowls."

In the Song Dynasty, not only high-end hotels with prosperous locations, exquisite decoration, and thoughtful service were like this, but even roadside stalls on alleys and alleys, as long as the business was doing well and the owner had some financial resources, they would use silverware to carry fruits, vegetables, and snacks to attract them. Visitors.

Such exquisiteness may not only be summed up in the word luxury, but it can be summed up.

This is true for ordinary people, let alone the nobles and grandchildren?

Pengzhou's gold and silver wares can be evaluated as "the highest level" among them, which is enough to show the exquisite production and rich content of this batch of gold and silver wares.

Of course, the great development of gold and silverware in the Song Dynasty has a lot to do with the system of the Song Dynasty.

From the perspective of production themes, the use of gold and silver wares in the Song Dynasty was more free than in any previous dynasty.

The government of the Song Dynasty relaxed restrictions on the use of gold and silver products, so gold and silver products are closer to the general public, full of a strong sense of life.

These gold and silver wares of the Song Dynasty can be roughly classified into four categories, ritual utensils (religious), utensils (daily and furnishing), jewelry (ornaments), and treasures (gold and silver currency).

From the Pengzhou gold and silverware cellars in Sichuan Province, we can roughly outline the gold and silverware used in the daily life of the people of the Song Dynasty.

The first is the food container, mainly bowls and plates.

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The containers used by people in the Song Dynasty to hold food are not much different from those we use today.

Mainly bowls, plates, saucers and the like.

bowl

Multi-curved bowls mainly refer to chrysanthemum petal bowls, which have been popular since the Song Dynasty.

The function of the bowl is mainly used to hold food or drink.