My system is not decent

If the bowl is well made, the porcelain placed in it can be fired even better.

And because of the support nail technology, it is necessary to make support nails next.

Continue to strive for perfection, and there are other processes such as making pad cakes.

The last is plain firing, and then until the completion of the main firing process, these processes have very strict requirements for porcelain making.

Each process has a clear division of labor, forming a very excellent and superb Southern Song Dynasty official kiln manufacturing technology.

Of course, it is impossible to obtain high-quality porcelain only by relying on the process, and there are also high-quality raw materials.

In the production process of official kiln porcelain in the Southern Song Dynasty, the porcelain-making formula of high aluminum, low silicon, iron-rich body and potassium sodium limestone was used as glaze.

The raw materials are made by very fine three-stage crushing, plus precipitation and elutriation.

The glazing adopts the thick glaze process of multiple times of low-temperature biscuit firing and multiple times of hydrating and glazing.

The production process of semi-finished products adopts the drawing method, the scraping method, the kneading method, the mud sticking method, the molding method, the splicing method, the molded digging method, and the mud sticking method.

It can be formed separately, or it can be formed by interspersing and combining several processes according to the requirements of the device type.

Through a variety of techniques, the porcelain with simple shape and thin tire wall is produced.

The firing process of official kiln porcelain in the Southern Song Dynasty was not simple. They used high-temperature firing for secondary oxidation, so the exposed body color was purple-black and became "iron feet".

The mouth of the utensil is made of thin glaze, and the thin part of the glaze faintly exposes the carcass.

Secondary oxidation to form purple oxidation-strong oxidation-strong reduction-weak reduction firing technology.

Therefore, there are ice cracks on the glaze, and the enamel is as fat and tender as jade.

This kind of technology completely combines glaze color, tire color, pattern, and production technology to form the excellent traditional craftsmanship and non-heritage culture of Southern Song Dynasty official kilns.

Therefore, in order to imitate the perfect Southern Song official kiln, each of these craftsmanship must be thoroughly understood.

This means that Chen Wenzhe has almost mastered all the techniques of the five famous kilns in the Northern Song Dynasty, otherwise, he would not be able to imitate just such a porcelain from the official kiln of the Southern Song Dynasty.

If there is no top-level craftsmanship, even if it is imitated, it is still a low imitation, at most it is a high imitation.

And the collection-level imitations that can be confused with the real ones must be fine imitations.

However, there are still quite a few high-quality official kiln porcelains handed down from the Southern Song Dynasty.

There are common shapes such as octagonal stringed plate-mouth bottles, corrugated bowls, and cong-shaped bottles.

There are also special utensils such as backflow pots, peony plates, gourd bottles, hollowed out phoenix pattern aromatherapy, incense burners, five-legged milk nail washers, jade Linglong, and paper vases.

There is even a piggy shape, just like the piggy bank now, a perfect match for fat and fat!

Each of these porcelains needs to be taken seriously, and all of this needs to start from the selection of materials and the practice of clay.

The initial process must be material selection, followed by crushing, washing, aging, and then mud refining.

How to choose the material is related to the success of the final firing of the porcelain!

The selection of materials starts with the selection of raw materials.

Select raw materials suitable for firing Northern Song official porcelain, among which feldspar, calcite, quartz stone, jade agate are the main materials.

Plant ash and limestone are ingredients.

Regardless of any kind of material, they are all particular about quality.

With the material, followed by sinking.

After the raw materials are carefully inspected, they must be sinked.

After the wind in spring, the sun in summer, the rain in autumn, and the freezing in winter.

After one to two years of heavy weathering, such porcelain clay can be used.

After that, it is ground, and the raw materials after sinking are refined and crushed.

Then use professional tools to grind, and then dry and sink to practice mud after grinding.

After grinding, crushing and sieving into powder, the water is stimulated to clear the pool, and the refined porcelain clay in the middle is picked up and kneaded repeatedly to make it "soft around the fingers" to meet the requirements of porcelain making.

In addition, in order to pursue the warm and opalescent texture of jade, the official porcelain of the Northern Song Dynasty specially added high-quality jadeite, agate and other jade powder into the glaze.

This kind of enamel can make the enamel thick and smooth, fat like fat, pure like ice, and smooth like jade, so as to achieve the artistic effect of touching it like satin like jade, and holding it like oil.

With qualified porcelain clay, it can be shaped, dried and trimmed later.

After more than 70 processes in this way, qualified Southern Song official kiln porcelain can be produced.

And the porcelain fired in this way can have sparse and dense patterns, deep and shallow patterns, and can also form the famous purple mouth and iron feet.

After getting through all the technical difficulties of the Southern Song Dynasty official kiln, then the Northern Song Dynasty official kiln porcelain can be made.

The firing process of official kiln porcelain in the Northern Song Dynasty is more complicated and unique, and the materials used are rare and exquisite.

Therefore, the production of official porcelain in the Northern Song Dynasty was very small, and most of them were collected by the court.

After experiencing the catastrophe of war, there are only a handful of handed down works of Northern Song Dynasty official porcelain.

The biggest difference between Northern Song Dynasty official porcelain and other porcelain lies in the glaze.

The embryo body with good water absorption allows the glaze to adhere tightly to it.

After firing, the glaze forms glass on the surface of the embryo body.

The biggest difference in glaze is the thickness. Only thick enough glaze can make porcelain as fat as fat piled up and as ice-like as water.

However, as the thickness of the glaze layer increases, the embryo body absorbs water and is gradually saturated, and the formed glaze layer is difficult to adhere and will fall off in one piece.

The glaze concentration is high, and the glaze layer is naturally thick.

But the difficulty lies in how to keep the glaze layer from falling off.

If the thick glaze is applied at one time, it will fall off, so how many times should the glaze be applied?

It is not easy to configure the glaze and figure out the firing method.

The material needs to be added little by little, and a small gap will produce completely different effects.

When the porcelain from kiln after kiln is fired and scrapped, everyone will feel distressed.

But in this process, as long as you persist, adjust slowly, and compare the experimental data, you can find the most suitable glaze composition and concentration.

Finally, a suitable glaze is prepared, and after several times of glazing, a firm and thick glaze layer can be fired.

The glaze is smooth and bright, which is a characteristic of porcelain, but the glaze of the official porcelain of the Northern Song Dynasty is different, it is "foggy".

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In ancient times, there were no digitally controlled kilns, and all firewood was manually fired.

Is the gloss of the glaze different because of some substance produced when the fuel burns?

Is it possible to use the secondary oxidation-reduction method imitating wood burning atmosphere to simulate the reaction of chemical substances released during wood burning with the glaze layer, so that the glaze surface after firing has a jade texture?

Chen Wenzhe's technology has now reached a period of explosion. He should have reached the level of a master in the process of making porcelain, no matter which process.

Although he hadn't fully broken through to the Grandmaster level, it wasn't much worse.

Therefore, whether it is embryo making, glazing, or firing, he can handle it with ease.

He can find corresponding methods for all the characteristics of Biru official kiln porcelain and fire them.

In fact, taking it all together, there are only a few characteristics of Northern Song official porcelain.

First, the glaze color is monochromatic glaze, which has five colors: pink blue, fried beige, moon white, gray green, and emerald green, with pink blue as the main color.

Second, the "purple mouth and iron foot" of official porcelain is the most important feature.

The edge of the mouth of the container is purple, which is slightly purple in the process of firing the kiln.