My system is not decent

Not all porcelains are the same as the glaze used for writing inscriptions.

The glaze of the inscription is sometimes different from the glaze of the porcelain itself.

For example, some base models of Xuande, the cobalt materials used are not imported materials with blue hair color like gems, but domestic materials.

The reason is that the imported material has a serious halo and is not suitable for writing.

Or for the sake of saving costs, the more common domestic green materials are used.

During the Zhengde period, the materials used for painting and writing were different.

Because there were so many types of raw materials in this period;

It is worth noting that, due to the inconsistent firing atmosphere, the bottom of the porcelain in the Zhengde period often showed a phenomenon of bluish green.

Therefore, the hair color of the corresponding bottom inscription is also slightly different.

These need to be paid attention to during the imitation process.

And some obvious mistakes must be avoided as much as possible.

In this regard, if you look at some imitations on the market now, you will know what needs to be paid attention to.

The difference between the later imitation models is still very large, and it is not difficult to identify them.

Still the same sentence, if you want to imitate antiques well, you must understand the defects that current imitations have.

To a certain extent, the level of identification also determines the quality of imitation porcelain.

To identify a piece of porcelain, the focus and basis are from several aspects.

It is just the six aspects of shape, decoration, tire, glaze, color, and style.

Each of these six aspects contains a wealth of information.

Among them, the inscription is particularly important because it is often an important factor to distinguish the user's identity and status, as well as the nature of the kiln mouth.

Especially the official kiln commemorative models are more important, so most imitators start from this aspect.

They will carry out in-depth imitation of the bottom line.

However, post-imitations are not "original" after all, and always contain traces of the era and society in which the imitators lived.

As long as you are a little careful, you can fully understand the types and characteristics of imitation models.

Then, many identification problems will be easily solved.

There are mainly three types of post imitation models.

The first is the imitation of the early period in the middle of the Ming Dynasty, such as the imitation of Xuande in Chenghua, which is also the earliest imitation of the post-official kiln;

In addition, there are Zhengde and Jiajing imitation Xuande and Chenghua models, Wanli imitation Chenghua models and so on.

The second type is the imitation of Xuande and Chenghua in the three dynasties of the Qing Dynasty, especially in the middle and early Kangxi and early Yongzheng periods.

The third situation is after the Republic of China, imitating the inscriptions of the Ming Dynasty.

In the process of identification of imitation models, it can be distinguished according to blue and white hair color, font writing, combined with device type and decoration.

There are roughly two situations in which the later dynasty imitated the expressions of the previous dynasty's inscriptions.

The first type is that the base and shape, decoration, body, glaze and color are all imitated from the previous dynasty;

The second is to only imitate the base model and not to care about others. However, there are some characteristics that cannot be imitated.

For example, if you look at the blue and white color of the Ming Dynasty with a magnifying glass, it is mostly deep and sinking.

The imitation models in the early Qing Dynasty are roughly the same, and the imitation models after Daoguang's cyan color are scattered and light and floating.

In addition, in addition to understanding the characteristics of inscriptions in different periods, it is also necessary to have a deep understanding of the overall style of porcelain, so that the identification process will be more rigorous and accurate.

The purpose of the later imitation models is also different. Chenghua imitated Xuande because the Xuande period was the first giant peak in the history of porcelain making in my country.

The six-character regular script "Ming Xuande Annual System" was the brand declaration of the most advanced porcelain products at that time and the symbol of the highest quality products.

After Zhengde, craftsmen of all dynasties imitated Xuande and Chenghua year models, mostly for this reason.

The second reason is that in the early Kangxi period, there were no inscriptions and inscriptions, and most of them imitated the yearly inscriptions of Chenghua official kilns.

The reason is that Emperor Kangxi believed that writing his year name on porcelain would be particularly unlucky once the porcelain was broken.

That is to say, "covering with porcelain is easy to destroy, and I don't want to leave the name of a generation in the dung".

Therefore, it can now be found that many porcelains from the Kangxi period were signed in the Chenghua period.

The third type is that the folk kilns of the Qing Dynasty imitated the official kilns of the Ming Dynasty in large numbers.

This may be to express the nostalgia for the previous dynasty, and this kind of inscription of mourning is called "suspension money".

Entrusted money was first seen in Chenghua, and then increased day by day, and became extremely popular in the Qing Dynasty.

The earliest content of entrusted money was Hongwu, and it was found in all subsequent dynasties.

Comparing and analyzing the date of authentic porcelain and the identification characteristics of later imitation porcelain, and paying attention to summarizing the formation reasons, development process and characteristics of imitation models in different periods, these are indispensable tasks in the identification process.

To sum up, the inscriptions of official kilns in each period of the Ming Dynasty have their own characteristics.

Although there are many imitations in later generations, due to the use of green materials and kiln workers' font styles are different, the overall appearance formed by them is also different from the real ones.

Proficiency in the style and characteristics of official kiln year marks in different periods is conducive to the phased dating of porcelain and the identification of authenticity.

Of course, it is also helpful for us to study the technology in the porcelain production process, and to spy on the skills and levels of kiln workers in different periods.

It is believed that in the near future, the study of porcelain bases will become a truly prominent study.

Even if there are tens of thousands of blue and white pieces, don't go astray if you look at the real ones more.

It is a blessing to have a million miles, and the bottom of the green material needs to be carefully examined.

It can be said that as long as the Ming Dynasty's base payment is thoroughly studied, and then imitating various official kiln porcelains of the Ming Dynasty, there is not much difficulty.

At least for Chen Wenzhe, the difficulty is very small.

Starting from Emperor Hongwu of the Ming Dynasty, the three dynasties after the blank period, followed by the Chenghua period.

Chen Wenzhe made a lot of Chenghua porcelain.

And this period, together with Hongzhi and Zhengde, these three dynasties were in the middle of Ming Dynasty.

There are many classic porcelains from this period, but before Chen Wenzhe made only doucai and monochrome glazed porcelains.

Now he is making blue and white porcelain. As the most popular type of porcelain, blue and white porcelain will not be produced in any dynasty, and Chenghua is no exception.

The blue and white porcelain of this period is also very characteristic. The porcelain before the middle period of Chenghua and Hongzhi uses Pingqing, and the hair color is light and elegant.

In the late period of Hongzhi and Zhengde, the hair color was grayish blue.

However, in this period, there are also individual utensils with rich hair color and rust spots.

In addition, Chenghua mostly painted blue and white.

The layout of the ornamentation is sparse in the early stage and dense in the later stage.

More paintings of Sanguo, Sanyou, Jiuqiu, Gaoshi, Yingxi, Longchuanhua and so on.

The flowers and leaves are like palms stretched out;

The leaves have many teeth, and the flowers and leaves have no positive and negative sides;

The aquatic plants of fish and algae float like kelp;

The rock is like a key without any concave-convex feeling;

The rim decoration is relatively simple, and the rims and ring feet of bowls, plates, cups, etc. are only decorated with string patterns;

Most dragons are Kui dragons, with long noses like elephant trunks;

Decorations with religious content such as cross-treasure pestle and Arabic are common.

The fetus is delicate and white, and the glaze is very fine and moist with a jade texture, but slightly blue.

Chenghua's utensils include pots, plum bottles, washers, cup holders, plates, cups, bowls, etc.

The furnace is a three-legged cylinder or drum furnace.

In addition to the "Tian" jar, there are also six-character single and double-line inscriptions of "Daming Chenghua Annual System";

There are mainly Fangsheng, silver ingots and so on.