Beiyang reactionaries

It can be said that after the start of the Second Five-Year Plan, China's power generation has increased rapidly.At the end of the First Five-Year Plan in 1928, China's annual power generation capacity was 55 billion kWh, but in the past three years, China's power generation capacity has increased to 130 billion kWh.

But despite the rapid increase in power generation, China's industrial growth is faster.Industry is a power-hungry industry, and the higher the industrial output, the more power it consumes.

This can be seen from the development history of China's power stations.

Except for several major cities, the development of China's power stations revolves around industrial development.In particular, the development of the mining industry led to the development of China's earliest power stations.

Just like Fengtian Province.

The first batch of power stations developed by Fengtian revolved around the mining industry, especially the coal industry that was first developed by Fengtian.At present, the largest power station in Fengtian is Fushun Power Station, and its predecessor is Dashankeng Power Station.The establishment of this power station was built by the Japanese for the coal mines in Fushun.

In the early years, it not only supplied Fushun Coal Mine, but also Shenyang.It was the largest power station in Fengtian at that time. When Japan took control of this power station, its installed capacity exceeded 5000 kilowatts and its power generation exceeded [-] million kWh.

After China recycled it, it has been expanding the scale of this power plant.Up to now, Fushun Power Plant has an installed capacity of more than [-] kilowatts and an annual power generation of more than [-] million kilowatt-hours. It is the largest power station in Northeast China.

And Tangshan Power Station.

Tangshan Power Station is currently the largest power station in Zhili. It was founded by the British for the construction of the Kailuan Coal Mine.Up to now, the electricity used by the iron and steel factories around Tangshan is provided by this power plant.

It can be said that China's electric power industry emerged with the development of industry.Civilian electricity is nothing in front of industrial electricity.With the implementation of the Second Five-Year Plan, the industry's demand for electricity is increasing day by day.

Fengtian is the most typical.

Although Fengtian has the foundation left by Tsarist Russia, Japan and Zhang Zuolin, its industrial strength is far inferior to that of Hubei and Sichuan.However, the key province of the Second Five-Year Plan is Fengtian. As long as the Second Five-Year Plan is completed, Fengtian will become an important industrial province in China on par with Sichuan and Hubei.Therefore, although Fengtian's power industry has developed rapidly, it cannot keep up with industrial construction.

"But what does the Governor mean?"

"Prime Minister, I suggest that the Economic and Development Commission establish a project in Fengtian, at least two large-scale thermal power plants. The installed capacity of each power plant should exceed 15 kilowatts, and the total installed capacity should exceed 30 kilowatts. Now Fengtian Province can only build such a large-scale thermal power plant. Only large-scale power plants can meet the needs of industrial development."

"Prime Minister Liang, what do you think?"

Duan Xun asked Liang Huankui next to him.

Two large thermal power plants with an installed capacity of more than 15 kilowatts are definitely major projects that the Economic and Development Commission is focusing on in China today.However, Duan Xun will not intervene in the specific projects of the Economic and Development Committee.So I asked Liang Huankui.

Liang Huankui shook his head.

He said directly: "Prime Minister, the Economic and Development Commission will not approve such a project. After several rounds of adjustments to the Second Five-Year Plan, the capital planning has now been completed, and there is no additional funds beyond the plan. The government debt for the Second Five-Year Plan has already increased sharply. Rising, the annual interest is very high, and it is about to reach the debt critical line. It is absolutely impossible for the Economic and Development Commission to approve such a large power plant project. Xinjiang Karamay Oilfield construction, the Economic and Development Commission is also struggling to raise money, and has stopped several coal bases Construction projects. The Economic and Development Commission is absolutely unable to pay for it now.”

In terms of China's foundation and China's economic strength, the Second Five-Year Plan is simply a great leap forward, completely inconsistent with economic theory.In order to complete the second five-year plan, the cabinet can only adopt the method of opening the gates and releasing water.

It is precisely because of the opening of the floodgates that the second five-year plan can be barely completed.But the current situation is that too much water has been released, and the central government has been burdened with debts.These debts have to repay the principal and interest every year, and the amount of these principal and interest is staggering.Central finances are under enormous pressure.

It's just that now is the Great Depression and a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity, so the cabinet will grit its teeth and persist.It is already very difficult to complete the key projects formulated in the Second Five-Year Plan.

If you want to build two more large-scale power plants, the Economic and Development Commission will definitely not agree.

"But Governor, Fengtian Province has not been a poor province since the end of the Qing Dynasty. Fengtian's finances have always been very good. When Zhang Zuolin was here, he expanded his army every year and fought every year, and Fengtian's finances were able to survive. What's more, Fengtian has been in the past ten years. The economy of Fengtian is also getting better every year, and the population has been increasing. Fengtian’s fiscal revenue is also very high. If I remember correctly, last year (1931) Fengtian’s fiscal revenue was 3000 million, which was the highest among all provinces in the country. It is among the best. I think with Fengtian’s financial revenue, and some enterprises in the province, we can build large-scale power plants independently. If so, the Economic and Development Commission can support some funds.”

Fengtian is not a poor province.

Fengtian is rich in resources, including minerals, crops, and timber, which are very rich.Those resources are not only supplied to the Northeast, but also to the provinces in the customs, and even shipped to Shanghai to supply the provinces along the Yangtze River.Of course, in addition to supplying domestic products, they are also exported to foreign countries in large quantities.Among them, coal, iron ore, and petroleum are mainly exported to Japan, and crops such as soybeans are exported to Europe.

There are also factories in Fengtian, such as the pig iron and crude steel produced by the iron and steel plant, which are used in many domestic fields.The Northeast itself cannot digest so much steel, and most of them have to enter the pass.And because of Dalian Port, a large number of goods from the Northeast, including those imported from the Soviet Union, Canada, and the United States, passed through Fengtian and left from Dalian Port.

There are white silver in the middle.

Although the big head was taken away by the central government, the remaining bones are enough for Fengtian's financial prosperity.Fengtian is one of the few provinces in China with a fiscal revenue exceeding [-] million.

"Prime Minister, Prime Minister Liang, it's not that we cry for poverty in Fengtian, but that we also have our own plan in Fengtian, and we can't spend extra funds. In order to cater to the second five-year plan formulated by the cabinet, we have also formulated the second five-year plan for Fengtian's development. The annual plan. In order to meet the requirements of Fengtian becoming an industrial base, an energy base, and a food base, the provincial government has formulated eight provincial universities, 130 technical secondary schools and technical schools, and [-] new middle schools in the province within five years. and [-] elementary schools. In addition, within five years, all counties in the province will be able to lay secondary roads from the Ministry of Communications to connect all counties in the province. Only when Fengtian’s transportation and education improve can we truly Let Fengtian become an industrial base, an energy base, and a food base.”

"Brother Nugang (Dan Maoxin), you are playing tricks on me."

When Duan Xun heard Dan Maoxin's explanation, he immediately laughed and called him "word".Then he pointed to Dan Maoxin and said, "Don't ramble about with me, just cry poorly here with me. Just tell me, what do you really want?"

"Don't talk about it with me, just cry poor with me here. Just say it, what do you want?"

Duan Xun and Dan Maoxin have known each other for 17 years.

Know him too well.

This is a very smart person, without a certain plan, without a plan of his own, he would never speak.If he opens his mouth, there are already many plans.Fengtian Province's finances are all useful, and they are all used in Fengtian Province's own construction.

Then they cried poorly to the central government and asked the central government to build a large power plant for Fengtian.

Where is such a good thing.In terms of the current tax collection ratio between national tax and local tax, the central government takes [-]% of the total tax, and the local government can only keep [-]%.

But it's not all taxes.

Many local governments also have their own types of taxation.Therefore, provinces like Fengtian still have a high annual fiscal revenue.On the surface, the fiscal revenue of Fengtian Province is 3000 million yuan, but the real fiscal revenue will be 3000 million yuan higher than this.And when the second five-year plan is completed and Fengtian settles in a large number of large factories, Fengtian's financial revenue will be able to reach a higher level, exceeding [-] million is a certainty.Now Fengtian needs a power plant, and Fengtian province does not pay for it itself, but asks the central government to pay for it. It is simply using the central government as a cash machine.

"Prime Minister, what I said is true. The cities of Shenyang, Anshan, Benxi, and Fushun, not only in Fengtian, but also in Northeast China, are the most suitable places for industrial development. The combination of these two cities constitutes the best industrial zone. This industrial zone is no worse than Chongqing Industrial Zone and Wuhan Industrial Zone, and even has more advantages and prospects for development than them. Because in terms of resources, these areas are more It has an advantage, and the only disadvantage is that it can’t use shipping as Chongqing and Wuhan. In other respects, the Shenyang Industrial Zone has absolute advantages. However, it needs the support of more local universities to develop it into the most outstanding industrial zone in China. , needs a better traffic environment in Fengtian as a support. The five-year plan formulated by our provincial government is for the construction of the Shenyang Industrial Zone.”

But Mao Xin behaved innocently.

The Fengtian provincial government is following the pace of the central government.The central government wants to create an industrial city group in Shenyang.If this is the case, it must require a large number of talents and better traffic conditions.

For this goal, the Fengtian provincial government decided to invest a lot of money in education and transportation.Every county in the province has access to the second-class highway of the Ministry of Communications, which is the first case in the country.

"You have also heard what Premier Liang said just now. The Economic and Development Commission is impossible and has no ability to invest in such a large-scale power plant. Tell me your thoughts? Are there any other alternatives?"

Duan Xun smiled bitterly.

But Mao Xin is too cunning.But Duan Xun knew, but Mao Xin must have several plans.If you cry poor with Duan Xun and get investment from the Economic and Development Commission, then of course it is the best thing.After all, in that way, central funds can be used to develop Fengtian's power industry.

But if the Economic and Development Commission refuses to invest, then Dan Maoxin must have other ways.Duan Xun understood this.

"Prime Minister, then I will speak boldly."

"Go ahead."

"Prime Minister, we should boldly introduce private capital. At present, the Ministry of Electric Power has very clear regulations on power plants, and the installed capacity of privately invested power plants shall not exceed 1000 kilowatts. Therefore, at present, civil power plants, except for the power plants built in the late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China In addition, the civil power plants built later were mainly in some small counties, all of which were power plants in some counties. The power plants with an installed capacity of more than 1000 kilowatts were all government-invested power plants. This is too wasteful for those who want to invest in power generation The civil capital of the factory."

"But Premier, the Ministry of Power's considerations are grounded."

Liang Huankui immediately retorted: "The construction of a power plant is not so easy. But the governor should have understood that the investment in a power plant is not a small amount. Like a thermal power plant with an installed capacity of 1000 kilowatts, although it looks like a small power plant, the investment It also exceeds one million. The investment of an installed capacity of more than 1000 kilowatts is several million. Some large power plants, such as Fushun Power Plant, need an investment of 6000 to 30 million to build. Such investment, apart from the government, which one Private businessmen can undertake it. But the governor said that the two large power plants have a total installed capacity of more than [-] kilowatts, and the required funds are close to [-] million, and it may be possible to exceed [-] million. Such a large investment can only be made by the government. Ability to invest. Which private businessman do you think has such capital strength to invest in large power plants? Including those banks, who will give so many loans to private businessmen? Only government guarantees and government investment can mobilize so much funds , can also get the support of the bank.”

Large power plants, that all cost huge sums of money.

Not only those hydroelectric power plants cost more money, but also those thermal power plants cost the same amount of money to build.Power plant construction where is so easy.

In recent years, not to mention the investment of private capital, even the power plants invested by local governments, most of the installed capacity is only a few kilowatts of power plants.

"I think Prime Minister Liang underestimated the expansion rate of private capital."

But Maoxin shook his head.

Although Liang Huankui is the deputy prime minister of the cabinet, Maoxin did not give in at all, and directly refuted Liang Huankui. The 46-year-old Dan Maoxin is currently a senior cadre with qualifications, ability and strength in the Chinese political circle.Entering the cabinet in the future is a certainty.So he wasn't afraid of Liang Huankui at all.