Beiyang reactionaries

"specifically is?"

"In order to cultivate land. Since the Ming Dynasty, people in the inland provinces have gone to the west entrance, and the number of Han people in Inner Mongolia has increased. The Mongolian princes and nobles began to like to rent farmland to the Han people to grow grain. Because it is far more important for the Han people to grow grain than for those Mongolians. Herdsmen have high income from grazing. As a result, the number of Han people in Inner Mongolia is increasing, and Mongolian princes and nobles are more and more willing to hire Han people. As a result, a large number of Mongolian herdsmen lost their livelihoods, which eventually led to more and more conflicts between Han people and Mongolian herdsmen. In addition, many Han people opened up wasteland in Inner Mongolia, which violated the interests of the Mongolian princes and nobles. They believed that all the land in Inner Mongolia belonged to them, and the cultivated land opened by the Han people should also be theirs. But the Han people regarded My own land is my life, and I think they are opening up wasteland. Therefore, I have constant conflicts with those Mongolian princes and nobles. This time, there are not only Han people, but also ordinary Mongolian herdsmen, and some servants of Mongolian princes and nobles.”

"kindness."

Duan Xun smiled bitterly.

No matter where the Chinese go, they will clash with the locals.The most direct reason is profit.The Chinese are really hardworking, no matter where they go, they are the hardest working people.Their efforts immediately set off the shortcomings of other ethnic groups around them.

Just like in Southeast Asia.

The diligence of the Chinese in Southeast Asia is not comparable to that of the local indigenous people.Everyone is on the same starting line, but after a few years or more than ten years, the Chinese will truly "get rich through hard work".Relying on their own diligence, they soon became local wealthy people with small assets and owned more and more arable land.Among them, the smart ones quickly became local rich men.But the local aborigines have basically not changed, what they were in the past is what they are in the future.

And the Chinese like to get together.After having wealth, they will continue to hire Chinese people from China to work and exclude those local aborigines.The result is that there are more and more Chinese people in a certain place, and they are getting richer and richer.The local aborigines felt that they were getting poorer and poorer, which eventually caused great conflicts.

The same is true in Mongolia.

Mongolian natives, they are herding people, they only know herding all the time.But after farmers from Shanxi, Shaanxi, and Zhili flooded into Mongolia, they started farming.The result is that the income from farming far exceeds the income from grazing, which slowly affects the interests of local herdsmen.So these things happen.

"It seems that solving the Mongolian issue is imminent."

"It appears that the outcome of the Mongolian issue is imminent."

"Yes."

Dai Kan nodded and said: "This kind of conflict in Mongolia will become more and more serious. Because our policy towards Mongolia, including Tibet, Hulun Buir and some other border areas, has always been relatively vague, and we have always adopted a strategy of maintaining the status quo To stabilize the frontiers. Therefore, there has not been much change in the border areas in these years, and the situation is not much different from that in the late Qing Dynasty. Therefore, the Mongolian and Tibetan areas have not had a specific and clear policy to restrain these problems. There will be more and more conflicts between the herdsmen and the princes and nobles in the Mongolian area. There will be more and more conflicts. A large-scale fighting like this time will definitely be unstoppable. With so many participants, It’s also very troublesome to deal with.”

Duan Xun frowned.

In order to stabilize the border areas, the cabinet adopted a conservative strategy.Although in Mongolia, Hulunbeier, including Tibet, new administrative institutions have begun to be built.

But it's just a simple change.

The original power distribution in these areas has not been destroyed.Just like the original rule of the Mongolian region, it has not changed.The cabinet also mainly wooed Mongolian princes and ministers.

At present, the Mongolian-Tibetan Committee mainly deals with affairs in the Mongolian-Tibetan region. Most of the committee members are from the aristocratic class of the Mongolian-Tibetan region.When the Republic of China was first established, many Mongolian princes became important members of the Mongolian-Tibetan Committee.Regardless of whether it was the Manchu Qing Dynasty before or the Republic of China later, for the Mongolian and Tibetan areas, the practice of wooing the upper-class nobles has always been adopted to stabilize the border areas.After Duan Xun came up, he also chose the same way.

This is because the original Duan Xun, or the original Beijing government had just been established, and there were too many problems to solve, and he did not want problems in the frontier.So the best way at that time was to appease these border areas, so that Duan Xun and the cabinet had enough time to solve other international and domestic problems.

In this process, as long as they don't make trouble.The main reason is not to collude with foreign forces and make the frontier unstable, so Duan Xun will turn a blind eye.

But with the passage of time, the situation in these areas is inconsistent with domestic policies and domestic laws.All kinds of problems started to arise.

Just like this large-scale fighting, it made Duan Xun and the cabinet even more embarrassing.

So many people involved.

Now it is not the Great Qin of the Warring States Period. At that time, the Great Qin was firmly opposed to weapon fighting.When Shang Yang, a reformer, established legal authority, he beheaded all those who participated in the fighting.Beheading hundreds of people at one time deters all the people in Qin who are about to move.But under the current situation, the government cannot adopt such a radical strategy.

But this kind of fighting should never be allowed to happen a second time.

It's April and it's time for planting.The occurrence of such fighting has seriously affected farming.If left alone, how will this area be managed in the future.

"Also, the laws and regulations in these areas are very vague. Because there are no clear laws and regulations, the property rights in these areas are very unclear. The Mongolian princes and nobles directly draw a circle in Mongolia, and most of the land is controlled by them. They think those places are their land. In the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, these people took advantage of the chaos of the central government to "enclose the land" wantonly, making the whole of Mongolia their territory. Compared with the The situation in Mongolia is much better. When Outer Mongolia abolished autonomy, we punished a large number of princes and nobles in Outer Mongolia for the crime of 'collaborating with the enemy and traitorous country', so these people are very honest. But because Inner Mongolia has always focused on appeasement , so the land situation in Inner Mongolia is very pessimistic. Those Mongolian princes regard Mongolia as their private property, and the land is also their private property."

The slave society developed into a feudal society, and then into a capitalist society, the highest form of which is communism.This is one of the social development theories of Marxism.

And what is Mongolia.

Although it is now the Republic of China, the situation in Mongolia is still in a mixed slave society and feudal society.The princes and nobles of Mongolia still kept a large number of slaves, each of them was a slave owner, and had a large number of slaves in his hands.In their eyes, slaves are goods.

And Mongolia is their territory.

Large tracts of Mongolian grasslands, large tracts of cultivated land, large tracts of mountains and rivers are their land.A large number of Mongolian herdsmen are their slaves, helping them graze and serving them.

Not just Mongolia.

Including the current situation in Tibet, Hulunbeier is very similar.

"The problem Premier Dai mentioned is indeed very serious."

Wang Yongjiang took Dai Kan's words and said: "Both Inner Mongolia and Hulunbeier have very rich arable land. According to our investigation, the sown area in Inner Mongolia exceeds 2000 million mu, and that in Hulunbuir exceeds [-] million mu. In addition to the acreage that can be planted, Inner Mongolia and Hulunbeier also have a large area of ​​grazing prairie. In addition, Inner Mongolia and Hulunbuir, including Outer Mongolia, are rich in water resources. If the water resources in Mongolia can be used well, more can be added agricultural and animal husbandry land. If the areas of Inner Mongolia, Outer Mongolia, and Hulunbuir are sorted out, they can provide [-] million mu of arable land and a large amount of grassland for grazing. But the problem is that these things are currently in the hands of Mongolian princes and nobles. Even It is a bit tricky for our Construction Corps to open up wasteland, because according to the current Mongolian law, those lands belong to the Mongolian princes."

"kindness."

Duan Xun's expression was serious.

Don't think that Inner Mongolia, Outer Mongolia, and Hulunbeier are all places for grazing, and they are all just grasslands.In fact, Mongolia is rich in water resources. These places have a lot of arable land to grow food, but Mongolians did not know how to grow food before, so those arable land was wasted.Mongolia has always been a herding people.They really began to know how to open up wasteland and farm land because the Han people entered the Mongolian area.

The Han people entered Mongolia and began to open up wasteland and farm land, and also brought the technology of growing food to this place.Many Mongolians also learned farming from the Han people, and Mongolians who farmed for a living began to appear.

Together with the Ministry of Agriculture, the Bureau of Survey and Statistics has conducted several censuses on China's cultivated land.The Mongolian region is no exception. Carefully explore the conditions of Mongolian arable land, including places that can be opened up to become arable land.

The final result of the survey is that the prospects for cultivated land in Mongolia are good.In Inner Mongolia alone, the prospect of arable land is more than [-] million mu.At present, the provinces with more than [-] million mu of arable land in China are all important grain provinces.In particular, Inner Mongolia, Outer Mongolia, and Hulunbuir are rich in water resources. If they are well utilized, the Mongolian region can become the top south of the Yangtze River.

But here comes the problem.

As Dai Kan and Wang Yongjiang said, these lands belonged to Mongolian princes and nobles.These people are real staking holders, and the land area they own is not comparable to that of the big landowners in the interior.Of course, most of the land owned by these princes and nobles in Mongolia is grassland for grazing.

Therefore, the land they own alone is not counted in terms of tens of thousands of mu or hundreds of thousands of mu.That is several million mu, tens of millions of mu.

"The alliance flag system in Mongolia is a policy formulated by the Qing Dynasty to control Mongolia, but this runs counter to the current laws of the Republic of China."

Duan Xun thought for a while and said this sentence.

The following people are all smart people, and they immediately understood what Duan Xun meant.So Dai Kan immediately said: "The alliance flag system is also contrary to the political system of the Republic of China. Since we have started to establish a new administrative organization in the Mongolian region, the alliance flag system has no meaning. Prime Minister, I suggest that the Mongolian region be completely abolished." The alliance flag system, the original eight banners of Mongolia will be abolished."

In the past, it was to stabilize the frontier, and Duan Xuntang at that time was unable to solve these problems.After all, when Duan Xun first took over Beijing, China was still full of warlords, and the relationship with imperialists such as Europe, America and Japan had to be resolved.So be very careful step by step.In order to solve domestic troubles, Duan Xun can only choose to stabilize the border areas.

After the national government and military orders were unified, China began its first five-year plan.

It also requires a stable environment.

So the issue of Mongolia has dragged on until now.However, the current situation in Mongolia hinders the development of Mongolia, so of course the Mongolian problem must be dealt with as soon as possible.

Union flag system, Mongolia Eight Banners.

This is the policy formulated by the Manchu Qing Dynasty to control Mongolia, and it is also the best way for the Mongolian princes and nobles to control the Mongolians.However, such a situation hindered the central government's control over Mongolia.

Because the alliance flag system and the Mongolian Eight Banners are kept, how does the central government manage those ordinary Mongolian herdsmen?The current situation, the current Mongolian Eight Banners system, those ordinary herdsmen are all subordinates of the Mongolian princes and nobles.Just as Duan Xun has been destroying the landlord class in towns and towns these years, the princes and nobles in Mongolia are a group of classes that hinder the central administrative power.

It's time to cancel.

"Prime Minister, there is still the situation of slavery. Now it is the Republic of China, how can they be allowed to keep slaves in their families, this is in direct conflict with the Constitution of the Republic of China. How can slaves exist in the society of the Republic of China. It must be banned. "

Mongolia's political system must be completely destroyed.

After Dai Kan finished speaking, Wang Yongjiang said: "Prime Minister, in addition to these, the land issue in Mongolia must be resolved as soon as possible. If the land issue cannot be resolved, it will be inconvenient to do anything in the future."