Beiyang reactionaries

The number of foreigners in Harbin is the largest among all major cities in China.At present, the number of foreigners registered in Harbin has reached nearly 30.There are people from nearly forty countries around the world.

It is precisely because of Harbin's status that Harbin is no longer affiliated with Jilin and has not been allocated to Heilongjiang.Harbin is a sub-provincial city designated by the central government, or a city directly under the central government.

Because of Harbin's strength, the fertilizer plant of the Northeast Construction Corps was built in the suburbs of Harbin.

After arriving in the conference room, Zhang Lan asked Fan Xudong: "Minister Fan (Fan Xudong), I heard that when you were in the chemical group, the European, American and Japanese factories kept technology secret. Especially when you established the soda factory , It is very difficult to obtain technology. It was very difficult for you to build a soda plant at the beginning.”

"Yes, there was such a thing."

When Fan Xudong and the others wanted to set up a soda factory, the process was very difficult.Because the British and Japanese countries monopolized this technology at that time, blocking technology leakage.

Fan Xudong and the others went through untold hardships and established the soda factory with great difficulty.Fortunately, Fan Xudong and Hou Debang are very powerful, and they have developed China's soda-making industry amidst many difficulties.Hou Debang is a master in this field. On the basis of European, American and Japanese countries, he has transformed the soda-making process, making China's soda-making technology a world-class one.

Fan Xudong is a smart person, and he immediately understood Zhang Lan's meaning from what he said.So he immediately explained: "However, Commissioner Zhang doesn't have to worry too much about the fertilizer industry. Because the ammonia synthesis technology is not a secret at present, there are many synthetic ammonia factories in Europe and the United States. And the fertilizer industry is not a secret defense industry, and there is nothing wrong with it." Technology blockade and the like. The current situation is that as long as you have money, European and American countries will not restrict this.”

"That is to say, as long as there is money, there is no problem in building a fertilizer plant."

"It means about the same."

Fan Xudong nodded.

In today's world, technical barriers are not as severe as imagined.As long as you spend money, many technologies can be purchased.Including those machines and equipment will be sold to you as long as you have money.Even technicians from European and American countries can invite them to help as long as you give them money.

In many early factories in China, the chief engineers were foreign technicians.

"However, our development of the chemical fertilizer industry is not only possible with money. Because we still have a big shortage of talents in the chemical industry, and the Ministry of Chemical Industry now has many other tasks. Therefore, even if we really work hard The introduction of machinery and equipment needed by the fertilizer industry will not lead to leapfrog development in a short period of time. Instead, the imported machinery and equipment will be wasted.”

"So Minister Wu (Wu Yunchu) said just now, can we win the ammonium sulfate plant with an annual output of 40 tons? Will there be a shortage of technical personnel?"

Fan Xudong was silent.

As Minister of Chemical Industry, Fan Xudong is very familiar with China's chemical industry.Zhang Lan is not only the Minister of Agriculture, he is also a cabinet member, a national leader, and a bigwig who can directly participate in national policies.

You need to be very careful when speaking in front of him.Because my own words are likely to affect the judgment of Zhang Lan, a cabinet member.Fan Xudong turned to look at his old partner, Hou Debang, the current chief engineer of the Ministry of Chemical Industry.

Hou Debang nodded slightly.

Then, instead of Fan Xudong, he said: "Committee Zhang, if it is really decided to build an ammonium sulfate plant with an annual output of 40 tons, then it is not a small matter. The establishment of the North Chemical Plant this time is entirely due to the assistance from Germany. It is a complete set of equipment. assistance, as well as technical assistance. At present, the main technical experts of the northern chemical plant are still German. It is estimated that in the next few years, the northern chemical plant will still need the guidance of German experts. To build an annual output of 40 tons The ammonium sulphate plant is definitely a national effort for our country. It is absolutely necessary to gather talents from all over the country in this field to tackle key problems together. Because the ammonium sulphate plant with an annual output of 40 tons is definitely the number one in our country Big chemical factory."

An ammonium sulfate plant with an annual output of 40 tons.

Not to mention in China, in the Far East, even in the world, they are all top ammonium sulfate factories.Once China can really complete such an ammonium sulfate plant, then China's fertilizer industry will be able to rank first in the world.

Such a top ammonium sulfate plant is number one in European and American countries.It is impossible for China to build an ammonium sulfate plant of this scale without mobilizing all experts in the chemical industry.

Zhang Lan fell into deep thought when he heard Hou Debang's words.

After thinking for a while, Zhang Lan said: "I always wait and wait, and I can't wait. Our Ministry of Agriculture has been saying that when the Ministry of Agriculture has money, we will develop the chemical fertilizer industry. The Ministry of Chemical Industry also said that when you have Once the money is spent and enough talents are cultivated, the chemical fertilizer industry will be developed. But during this time and so on, the chemical fertilizer industry in European and American countries is developing rapidly. In a few years, they will have new technological breakthroughs, and their chemical fertilizer industry will Take it to the next level. And we have been waiting, but our agriculture can't wait."

"Money is something that can be squeezed out. The Ministry of Chemical Industry is also worried about the talent issue. We can completely build and cultivate at the same time. To be honest, Minister Fan, you developed refined salt and built a soda factory at the beginning. There were fewer talents to build a sulfuric acid plant. At that time, there were only a few chemical talents in our country. But now our country has a certain foundation in the chemical industry. Sichuan, as the base of China’s chemical industry, has trained many chemical talents in the past ten years. Now our country Most universities have chemistry departments, and at present, there are three chemical engineering universities directly under the Ministry of Education, and a dozen provincial and ministerial chemical engineering universities and chemical engineering colleges. There are many students who have graduated in the past ten years. I don’t know much about the industry, but I have done some investigations for the chemical fertilizer industry. I know that the foundation of the chemical industry is three acids and two alkalis. In recent years, China’s sulfuric acid, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, caustic soda, and soda ash have a certain foundation. Therefore, our country In the refined salt market, monosodium glutamate market, and paint market in recent years, only domestic products can be popular. The raw materials used in fireworks, firecrackers, and matches are all produced by ourselves. So the lack of money and talents are just excuses. The main reason is that we have no confidence and no determination."

Zhang Lan had already made up his mind.

For the development of agriculture, he must develop the chemical fertilizer industry.Especially after talking with Wu Yunchu just now, Zhang Lan is more confident.It's just that Zhang Lan can't do this kind of thing alone.

Even if Zhang Lan is a cabinet member, without the cooperation of the Ministry of Chemical Industry, it is impossible to develop the chemical fertilizer industry.Therefore, he could only express his attitude to Fan Xudong again.

Hearing what Zhang Lan said, many people present were silent.

Li Jishen and Deng Yanda were thinking, while Fan Xudong and Hou Debang didn't know how to express their views.Because the two of them knew that once they really decided to build a fertilizer plant of this scale, it would be an absolute big deal for the Ministry of Chemical Industry.At that time, the Ministry of Chemical Industry will deploy a large number of manpower to participate in this project.

"If the ammonium sulfate with an annual output of 40 tons can really be used on more than 30 million mu of arable land. And it can really increase the grain production by more than [-]%, then our Construction Corps is willing to support it."

When everyone was silent, Li Jishen spoke suddenly.

Glancing at everyone, he continued, "I'll do an economic calculation for everyone. If we can really increase the yield by 30%, then we will use rice to calculate the 14 million mu of cultivated land. And according to the relatively low yield per mu According to calculations, the output can be increased by at least 7000 million catties a year. The price of rice in the market has been rising in the past few years. At present, the price of a load of rice is about 15 yuan, which is worth 1700 million yuan. I learned that China imported ammonium sulfate before. The price of ammonium sulfate. China imported about 40 tons of ammonium sulfate four years ago, and it cost about 5000 million. If it imported 25 tons, the price would not exceed 15 million. In recent years, the world's fertilizer prices have not fluctuated much, and even last year the global The price of chemical fertilizers has dropped. This is because China’s tariff on chemical fertilizers is under 1200%. If tariffs and freight charges are removed, the price of these ammonium sulfates will be much lower when exported from European and American countries. I think 1000 tons of ammonium sulfate from When their country exports, it should be only about 40 million or lower. If it is ex-factory price, it should be only about 3000 million. Therefore, if our country can produce 40 tons of ammonium sulfate by itself, then I think the price will not exceed 3000 million. Even if I miscalculated, the price of 40 tons of ammonium sulfate is more than 4000 million. But after we use 40 tons of ammonium sulfate, the extra grain profit is about 60 million. If the effect of ammonium sulfate is better than expected, Increase production by [-]% to [-]%, then our profit will be higher. Therefore, our Construction Corps supports our country to build a large chemical fertilizer plant.”

Li Jishen has been the commander of the Construction Corps for three years.

For agriculture, things related to agriculture are becoming more and more familiar.From an economic analysis, it shows that if the Construction Corps uses chemical fertilizers, it will definitely make money.

It can also be very profitable to remove the increased cost of using chemical fertilizers.

Zhang Lan was overjoyed when he heard Li Jishen's statement.Many of those who used chemical fertilizers four years ago were landlords in the south of the Yangtze River.Because they found that the use of chemical fertilizers can rapidly increase food production.

So a lot of fertilizers are imported.

But since the government started to suppress food prices, these wealthy households have stopped importing chemical fertilizers.Now a load of grain (one hundred catties) in big cities is 14 yuan, but the price of these grains purchased by the government from the countryside is half of the price of grain in these cities.Therefore, the increased production they use chemical fertilizers is not enough for the price of chemical fertilizers.

The reason why rural landlords fled the countryside in large numbers is because farming is no longer useful, and it can solve food and clothing.Those "mud-legged people" are all poor people, as long as they can solve their food and clothing, they will have no complaints.Everyone has different requirements for life, and their satisfaction with the status quo is also different.Many big landlords used to rely on land rents and lived quite chicly.

But the current situation is that the price of the grain collected only by land rent is too low in the government's unified purchase and monopoly.With the income from selling grain, many industrial products cannot be bought.Many landlords cannot buy a bicycle for the land rent of [-] mu of arable land.If you want to buy a bicycle, you need at least four or five hundred acres of land rent.Under such circumstances, how could those landlords continue to stay in the countryside.A large amount of their funds were withdrawn from the countryside and all went to the cities.

Therefore, in the current rural areas, those farmers cannot afford chemical fertilizers.

Only the Construction Corps is different.The grain they produce is not included in the unified purchase monopoly.Therefore, the grain of the Construction Corps can be sold at market prices.In this way, the Construction Corps has money in their hands, so they can buy tractors.Also only the Construction Corps can use chemical fertilizers.It is currently the most powerful buyer of chemical fertilizers in China.

The Construction Corps supported the opening of chemical fertilizer plants and directly gave them a market.As long as you produce it, the Construction Corps can buy it.

"Commissioner Zhang, how to solve the money?"

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"Commissioner Zhang, how to solve the money?"

Fan Xudong was silent for a long time. After Li Jishen finished speaking, he finally asked Zhang Lan.And without waiting for Zhang Lan to answer, he said by himself: "Minister Wu (Wu Yunchu) just said that an ammonium sulfate plant with an annual output of 40 tons needs tens of millions. In fact, that is already the most basic expenditure. Such a large ammonium sulfate plant, none of us No experience. Even in Europe and the United States, ammonium sulfate plants with an annual output of 40 tons are large factories, which are rare. Let alone the difficulties encountered in building such a large factory, it is only necessary The amount of funds is not small. Commissioner Zhang, I am not afraid of your jokes. We all know that in recent years, one-third of the finances will be allocated to our Ministry of Industry, and half of bank loans will flow into our Ministry of Industry. But our Ministry of Industry has four major departments , most of the funds flowed into the Ministry of Heavy Industry and the Ministry of Energy Industry. Especially in the past two years, half of the funds, manpower, and material resources of the Ministry of Industry have flowed into the Ministry of Energy Industry, mainly to develop the mining industry. The construction of any steel plant at the Ministry of Heavy Industry costs The funds are tens of millions, hundreds of millions."

"As for our Ministry of Chemical Industry, we don't have a [-] million appropriation a year. Moreover, our Ministry of Chemical Industry has a lot of people to support. Our Ministry of Chemical Industry has universities, junior colleges, technical secondary schools, and many research institutes, as well as our chemical industry. The task of the Ministry of Industry itself. All in all, our Ministry of Chemical Industry is in deficit every year."

1000 million.

From a national perspective, it doesn't really look like much.Now China's annual fiscal revenue exceeds 50 billion, and 1000 million does not seem to be much at all.

But that's not how the account works.

With these fiscal revenues in China, there are too many things to do every year.The annual military expenditure alone is almost 20 billion, and other industries, agriculture, transportation, education, and health all cost money.

Industry and transportation are big spenders.

Among the industries, the heavy industry and the energy industry are even more expensive.For example, in the iron and steel industry among heavy industries, starting from the construction of iron and steel plants, there are also a bunch of steel product factories. When calculating, they are all calculated in tens of millions or tens of millions.There is also the energy industry. China's coal production has increased rapidly in recent years, and the funds required for the construction of those large coal bases are also astronomical.As well as the Ministry of Railways in transportation, the construction of each railway costs tens of thousands, 10,000+ per kilometer.

And the Ministry of Electricity.

The five-year plan of the Ministry of Electric Power was a military order.It means that all cities with more than 5 people in China had power plants before 1928.

Easier said than done.When I said this five years ago, the urban population in China was still very small, and there were not many cities with a population of more than [-].But with the development of these five years, the number of cities with a population of more than [-] has increased rapidly, doubling the number in the five-year period.

Moreover, the establishment of a power plant by the Ministry of Electric Power will cost a lot of money.In addition to thermal power plants, there are also hydroelectric power plants, none of which were established casually.How can we just have a power plant, but also pull wires and develop electric workers? This will not be completed in a short time.Just training those electric workers is enough to drive the Ministry of Electricity crazy.Because electric workers do not work hard, at least they must understand electricity knowledge.