Since ancient times, talented people have been born in the Red Chamber

Chapter 1164 The Best Vessel for Chemical Experiments (Second Change)
Chapter 1173

"There is one more thing. Mr. Shen heard that you mentioned that you want to find green vitriol oil. I don't know what your thing is for? Although that thing is commonly used by Taoist Fang's alchemy, it seems that there is nothing else. What a great use."

Wang Yang explained with a smile: "I just fired a new material recently, so I want to get some green vitriol oil to do some experiments."

"Is that thing for testing?" Shen Kuo couldn't help laughing as he smacked his mouth. "That thing is quite dangerous. It can't be stored all the time. It must be stored in porcelain and it needs to be kept secret..."

"Could it be that brother Shen has studied this thing before?" Wang Yang couldn't help but asked curiously.

Shen Kuo chuckled, nodded and began to explain. "Well, it's just a little sketchy. If this oil is stored for a long time and the seal is not good, it will easily increase in weight, and its effectiveness will be greatly reduced..."

"This problem is actually very simple, because green vitriol oil has strong hygroscopicity, and the moisture in the air is absorbed by it. If there is too much water, the weight of green vitriol oil will naturally increase. Once there is more water , then the effect of green vitriol oil will naturally be weakened." After Wang Yang heard about it, he immediately understood what was going on.

"Oh? I don't think my virtuous brother really has a lot of research on this green alum oil. It took Shen a lot of time to figure out this truth." After hearing this, Shen Kuo's eyes lit up immediately.

"Actually, I want to try using a certain concentration of green vitriol oil to prevent iron from rusting." Wang Yang finally gave his answer.

Nowadays, there are more and more metal parts, and how to prevent rust has become a troublesome problem.Wang Yang thought of an excellent rust inhibitor or passivator: concentrated sulfuric acid.

"What?" Shen Kuo looked at Wang Yang in front of him with a strange expression, and sucked in air for a long time as if he had a toothache. "My dear brother, did I hear you right? That vitriol oil is very corrosive, except for gold, almost everything is incorruptible. You actually said that it can be used to prevent iron from rusting?"

"Haha, it seems that Brother Shen, you don't have a thorough understanding of sulfur, um, green vitriol oil. Green vitriol oil can corrode metal, and can also be used to remove rust on metal.

In addition, it has a very strange characteristic, that is, when it reaches a certain concentration, then, instead of rusting the metal, it will form an oxide film on the surface of the metal..."

"Oxide film, what the hell is that?" Shen Kuo, the most outstanding scientist in the Northern Song Dynasty, looked at Wang Yang with a confused face at the moment, as if he didn't quite understand what it meant.

"Well...it's a special substance. Don't worry about the title. Instead of talking about it, it's more intuitive to do an experiment directly. Brother Shen, please come with me."

Wang Yang stood up and led Shen Kuo towards his study. Metal can be passivated through pickling. This is described in later textbooks. When the metal dissolves, it is under passivation conditions. A compact solid substance with good coverage is formed on the surface, and this substance forms an independent phase, which is called a passivation film or a phase-forming film, also called an oxide film.

In addition, if rust has already appeared on the metal, it can also be removed by pickling, but rust removal is the opposite of forming an oxide film. This reaction requires green vitriol with a concentration between 30.00% and [-]%. Oil.

At room temperature, the ability of sulfuric acid to dissolve metal oxides is weak, and the concentration is increased. Therefore, it is generally necessary to heat the sulfuric acid to a certain extent, and the efficiency can be improved at [-] or [-] degrees.However, when the temperature is too high, it is easy to excessively corrode the steel matrix.

These things are all related to sulfuric acid, which is green vitriol oil, among Wang Yang's fragmentary chemical knowledge.

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Soon, the two came to an independent room with closed doors and windows not far from Wang Yang's study. Taking advantage of Wu Qilang's key to open the door, Wang Yang explained to Shen Kuo.

"This is currently my own chemical laboratory, little brother. There are some purified green vitriol oil in it, and some are still low-concentration green vitriol oil."

"Chemical laboratory?" Shen Kuo couldn't help but smile bitterly. "Brother Yu, you open your mouth and shut it up, it's full of new words that I can't understand, Brother Yu."

"Actually, it's very simple. Everything will change, and I divide these changes into two types, one is physical change and the other is chemical change."

"Physical changes may be better explained. When we polish a piece of crystal to be round and smooth enough, you throw it on a flat surface, and the distance and time it rolls will be extended. If the surface of the crystal is rough or even irregular, Then it won't even be able to roll."

Shen Kuo patted his forehead. "Just like those woods, or stones, if they are not treated, they cannot be used to build houses or make various instruments. This is also a physical change, right?"

"As expected of Brother Shen, that's right, that's probably what it means." Wang Yang nodded and raised his thumb towards Shen Kuo.

"What about chemical changes?" Shen Kuo is worthy of being the best scientist of this era. His expression of thirst for knowledge is like a child eager for the truth. Although his face is wrinkled, his eyes are so penetrating.

"Brother Shen must also know that my Song Dynasty's gunpowder weapon is mixed with charcoal, nitrate, and sulfur, and then ignited with fire. A huge explosion will occur. This is a chemical change, also known as a chemical reaction."

"It's like, you said that green vitriol oil can remove rust when the concentration is low, and it can prevent rust when the concentration is high. Is this also a chemical change?" Shen Kuo's answer made Wang Yang give a thumbs up and praise, I really don't know how to describe the IQ of this Shen University scientist.

It seems that this is an outstanding scientist who can lift the earth by giving him a fulcrum.

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After Wu Qilang and Wanyan Aguda carefully opened the door, Shen Kuo stepped in and was stunned.

"These... so many crystal bottles and jars? I, I mean brother, you are really..." Shen Kuo looked at the colorless and transparent bottles and jars placed on the table in the house, and was immediately stunned. up.

This guy is really too rich, right?I actually got so many utensils made of crystal. Even if crystal is not a very valuable thing, such pure and transparent crystal is worth a lot of money.

"Actually, these are made of glass made of crystal. They have the same characteristics as crystal, high temperature resistance, and corrosion resistance. Brother Chen, look, what is contained here is green vitriol oil, and this bottle , is purified high-concentration green vitriol oil."

Wang Yang walked to the table and explained to Shen Kuo pointing to two glass bottles filled with oily liquid.

"The reason why this kind of crystal glass is used is because, like porcelain, crystal is not afraid of corrosion and can withstand high temperatures, so it is the best vessel for chemical experiments..."

(End of this chapter)