The Technology Tree of Xueba

After Zhou Yu finished the meeting of the Science and Technology Committee, he and Academician Tian Kai came to the Quantum Computer Laboratory of the Computer Research Institute.

The most important project of Xinghuo Technology now is the quantum computer project.

The quantum computer is divided into two parts, and Academician Tian Kai is responsible for the hardware part of the quantum computer.

Wei Tianpeng, director of the Institute of Basic Sciences, and Zhang Yunqiang, general manager of Xinghuo Smart, are in charge of the software part of the quantum computer.

Led by Wei Tianpeng, he is mainly responsible for the quantum algorithm of the quantum computer.

Since the invention of the computer, its role in promoting technology is obvious to all.

Classical supercomputers run artificial intelligence technology, which makes the progress of Xinghuo scientific research projects much higher than other research units.

If a quantum computer with excellent parallel computing capability is developed, any scientific research project can be simulated through the powerful quantum simulation function of the quantum computer.

The gap between quantum computers and classical computers is too large. They are simply the difference between a carriage running on rails and a high-speed rail.

In the 1950s, when the classical computer was just invented by humans, scientists discovered that energy consumption would cause the chips in the computer to heat up, which greatly affected the integration of the chip, thus limiting the operating speed of the computer.

This is an important reason why Academician Tian Kai gave up graphene chips, which also belong to the classical computer structure.

Even a graphene transistor consumes very little energy and dissipates heat very quickly, but with millions of transistors packed into a small chip, the heat generated by energy consumption is staggering.

The computing structure and transistor materials of classical computers fundamentally limit the development of classical computers.

Zhou Yu and Academician Tian Kai walked to the laboratory and chatted about some quantum computer knowledge.

The classical computer currently in use can also be regarded as a type of quantum computer. There are irreversible operations in the calculation process of the classical computer, which is also the reason for its energy consumption.

Scientists have long since discovered the causes and also thought of solutions to them.

All classical computers can find a corresponding reversible computer without affecting computing power.

Every operation in a classical computer can be transformed into a reversible operation.

In reality, limited by the logic circuits of classical computers, this idea cannot be realized, but it can be realized by quantum computers.

This fits perfectly with quantum mechanics, which is the most basic principle of quantum computer development.

Quantum mechanics can use a unitary transformation to represent the calculation process of a computer.

In a classical computer, the basic unit of information is a bit, and the objects of operation are various bit sequences.

In a quantum computer, the basic unit of information is a qubit, and the object of operation is a sequence of qubits.

There is not much difference between the names of the two computer operands, but the essence difference is very large.

The qubit sequence can not only be in the superposition state of various orthogonal states, but also can be in the entangled state.

These special quantum states provide the most fundamental parallel computing capability of quantum computers.

In the process of computing data by a quantum computer, any unitary transformation can be performed, and after the output state is obtained, the calculation result can be obtained by measuring it.

The quantum computer transforms each superposition component, and all these transformations are completed at the same time, and are superimposed according to a certain probability range, and the result is given. This kind of calculation is called quantum parallel computing.

The most fundamental ability of quantum computers is to have huge parallel computing capabilities.

Classical computers can only perform calculations in sequence, which is limited by the most basic structure of classical computers to complete logical operations, the logic circuits of computers.

A logic circuit composed of three logic gates of AND or NOT can only perform addition operations in the basic order.

Xinghuo Technology's Pangu-2 supercomputer needs to calculate 100 years of data. A quantum computer with only 30 qubits needs to operate for 24 hours.

Quantum computers perform huge parallel operations. It can also simulate quantum phenomena.

The world is essentially composed of quanta, which can simulate quantum phenomena, and quantum computers can simulate any phenomenon in reality.

This effect cannot be achieved by classical computers. The artificial intelligence Mozi calculates a scientific experiment, which essentially compares big data to find the most likely result.

Quantum computers are different. Once a truly usable quantum computer is developed, quantum simulation can simulate 99.9999% of the phenomena that can be achieved in experiments.

Even simulating extreme environments that have never existed, phenomena that can be realized through experiments. Through quantum simulation experiments, as long as the conditions are met, it can generally be reproduced in reality.

But to use this function requires huge computing power. A paramecium is composed of astronomical quanta. If you want to simulate it, the data generated is beyond people's imagination.

When using the quantum simulation function to calculate paramecium, it is necessary to calculate the shape and trajectory of each quantum that makes up paramecium.

Turning this into a mathematical problem becomes computing a huge Hilbert space. It would generate unrealistically astronomical numbers.

There is and only a quantum computer that can process such a huge amount of data.

Zhou Yu and Academician Tian Kai walked to the quantum computer laboratory, and he said with emotion: Quantum theory is too complicated, and I only know some superficial theories, and I can't understand the theories that are too deep.

Quantum mechanics is comparable to advanced mathematics. It is an extremely abstract subject. Without highly abstract thinking, it is impossible to understand it.

I really admire Academician Tian, ​​you are so old, and you can achieve such great results by learning quantum mechanics again.

Academician Tian Kai said modestly: I only have a little understanding of quantum mechanics, and my knowledge reserves in the field of quantum mechanics are really inferior to the young scientists in our laboratory.

For example, Zhang Wei, the director of our quantum computer laboratory, studied under Academician Pan Jianwei, a top expert in the field of quantum science in my country.

His knowledge reserve is better than mine, and most of the achievements of quantum computers were developed by him.

Tian Kai does not take credit at all. His contribution to quantum computers is nothing more than proposing to set up this project and recruiting talents to run this project.

He played a coordinating role, especially responsible for negotiating with quantum algorithm developers such as Wei Tianpeng.

Academician Tian Kai said with a smile: Mr. Zhou, in fact, I just understand quantum mechanics, but don't study it in depth. It doesn't take much effort.

I use a short story to help you understand quantum mechanics.

Imagine an atom placed in a magnetic field. It spins like a top, so that its axis of rotation can point either up or down.

Common sense tells us that atoms can spin up or down, but not both at the same time.

But in the strange world of quantum, an atom is described as the sum of two states, the sum of an atom turned up and an atom turned down.

In the wonderful world of quantum, every object is described by the sum of all incredible states.

This is also a famous problem in quantum mechanics, Schrödinger's cat.

Schrödinger's cat, this is a very famous thought experiment.

With a smile on Zhou Yu's face, he walked into the quantum computer laboratory. He doesn't need to have a deep understanding of quantum theory, he just needs to know which theory is correct and support scientists who are on the right path.

It is difficult for others to judge the correct path, but it is not difficult for Zhou Yu. The technology tree in his mind can completely tell him which path is correct.