Super Military Scientist

Chapter 1867: Flight to Pluto

Hearing what Zhao Zhongyao said every day, he also smiled and said, ‘what dad said is, let’s get out of here now! ’

So, Zhao Zhongyao's family hurriedly left this place with amethyst gems, and they soon returned to the spaceship.

After reaching the spaceship, Zhao Zhongyao left Triton in the spaceship again.

Next, they are looking for the tenth amethyst gem. According to the star chart, the tenth amethyst gem is on Pluto.

At this time, Feifei looked at Zhao Zhongyao and said, ‘Dad, we have found the ninth amethyst gem. Next we are looking for the tenth amethyst gem. The tenth amethyst gem should be on Pluto! ’

Because Pluto is the outermost planet in the solar system, and the tenth amethyst gem can only be on this planet.

Zhao Zhongyao smiled and said, ‘Yes, our next stop is Pluto. ’

‘Okay, let’s go to Pluto! Feifei said happily.

Next, Zhao Zhongyao piloted the spacecraft and flew towards Pluto.

During the flight to Pluto, Tiantian asked Zhao Zhongyao to talk about how he and Feifei got the ninth amethyst gem.

Zhao Zhongyao told Tiantian about how he and Feifei got the ninth amethyst gem.

Listening to it every day, it also feels amazing. So she looked at Zhao Zhongyao again and said, ‘Dad, do we have to hurry up to Pluto? We must quickly find the tenth amethyst gem. Now we are getting closer and closer to the goal of twelve amethyst gems. ’

Feifei said again, ‘Dad, you should tell us about Pluto first! We want to know about this dwarf planet far away from our earth. ’

After hearing Feifei’s words, Zhao Zhongyao smiled and said, ‘Okay, then I’ll give you some popular science knowledge about Pluto! ’

Next, Zhao Zhongyao told everyone about Pluto.

Pluto is a dwarf planet in the Kuiper belt. Pluto is the first Kuiper belt object discovered, the first pluto-like object, and the largest known dwarf planet in the solar system with the second largest mass.

Among the celestial bodies that directly orbit the sun, Pluto ranks 9th in volume and 10th in mass. Pluto is the largest outer Neptune celestial body, and its mass is second only to Eris in the discrete disk. Like other Kuiper belt objects, Pluto is mainly composed of rocks and ice, and has a relatively small mass, only 16 the mass of the moon and 13 the volume of the moon.

The eccentricity and obliquity of Pluto's orbit are both high. The perihelion is 30 astronomical units (4.4 billion kilometers) and the aphelion is 49 astronomical units (7.4 billion kilometers). Pluto will periodically enter the inner side of Neptune's orbit, but will not collide due to resonance with Neptune's orbit. Based on the average distance, it takes 5.5 hours for sunlight to reach Pluto.

In 1930, Clyde Tombaugh discovered Pluto and regarded it as the ninth largest planet. Some celestial bodies with similar masses as Pluto discovered in the Kuiper Belt after 1992 began to challenge its planetary status. The mass of Eris discovered in 2005 was even 27% higher than that of Pluto. Therefore, the International Astronomical Union officially defined the concept of planets in 2006 and excluded Pluto from the ranks of planets and reclassified it as a dwarf planet.

Pluto has five known satellites, with orbits from inside to outside: Charon One, Charon Five, Charon Two, Charon Four, and Charon Three. The centroids of Pluto and Charon are not in any of these celestial bodies, and they are informally regarded as double dwarf planetary systems.

The plains on the surface of Pluto are composed of more than 98% nitrogen ice, trace amounts of methane and carbon monoxide. Nitrogen and carbon monoxide are most abundant on the surface of Pluto’s back facing Charon, located in the western part of the Sputnik Plain in the heart-shaped Tombo region at 180° longitude, and methane is most abundant near 300° east longitude.

The mountains are made of water ice. The surface of Pluto varies greatly, with great differences in brightness and color. Pluto is one of the most contrasting celestial bodies in the solar system, and it has the same strong contrast as Titan.

The colors range from charcoal black to deep orange and white. The color of Pluto is more similar to that of Io, with slightly more orange than Mars and less red than Mars. Famous geographic features include the Tombo area or heart-shaped area (a larger bright area with the back of Charon), the Cthulhu band or whale-shaped area (a larger dark area in the trailing hemisphere), and " Brass Ring" (a series of dark equatorial regions on the leading hemisphere)

The Sputnik Plain is the western lobe of the heart-shaped area. It is a 1,000-meter-wide basin covered with nitrogen ice and carbon monoxide ice. Polygonal convective monomers are distributed. The convective monomers carry water ice crusts and floating blocks of sublimation pits. Its edges move, and there are obvious signs of glaciers flowing into and out of the basin. The Sputnik Plain has no impact crater visible from New Horizons, indicating that it is less than 10 million years old. The latest research shows that the age of the surface is about 180,000 years.

The New Horizons scientific team summarized the preliminary findings as: "Pluto displays an astonishing variety of geological features, including glaciology, surface-atmosphere interactions, and impacts, tectonics, possible ice volcanoes, and mass loss processes. The landform.” In the western part of the Sputnik Plain, the wind blowing from the center of the plain to the surrounding mountains formed horizontal sand dunes. The sand dunes have a wavelength in the range of 0.4-1 km and are likely to consist of methane particles of 200-300 microns in size.

Like other members of the Kuiper Belt, Pluto is considered to be the remaining asteroid after planet formation. These tiny celestial bodies are part of the protoplanetary disk around the sun, but they have not completely merged into a complete planet.

Most astronomers believe that Pluto’s current position is due to the sudden planetary migration of Neptune in the early formation of the solar system. When Neptune moves outward, it approaches the celestial bodies in the original Kuiper Belt, captures one of them to rotate around it (Triton), locks some celestial bodies into a resonance state, and pushes other celestial bodies into chaotic orbits.

The Discrete Disk is a dynamic and unstable region that overlaps the Kuiper Belt. The Discrete Disk object is thought to be pushed to its current position by resonant interaction with Neptune migration.

In 2004, Alessandro Mobile of the Côte d’Azur Observatory in Nice, France, created a computer model. Neptune’s migration to the Kuiper Belt may have been triggered by a 1:2 resonance between Jupiter and Saturn.

Gravity pushes Uranus and Neptune into higher orbits and causes them to interchange orbital positions, ultimately doubling the distance between Neptune and the sun. The expulsion of the resulting objects from the original Kuiper belt can also explain the late heavy bombing period and the origin of Jupiter's Trojan asteroid after the solar system was formed 600 million years ago.

Before Neptune's migration, Pluto orbited in a nearly circular orbit about 33 AU from the sun. After that, Neptune's migration interfered with Pluto's initial orbit and captured its resonance.

The calculation of the Nice model needs to contain about 1,000 Pluto-sized celestial bodies in the original microplanetary disk, including Triton and Eris. The latest chapter address of Super Military Scientist: https://www.readwn.com/book/3175.htmlRead the full text of Super Military Scientist: https://www.readwn.com/read/3175/Super Military Scientist txt download address: https://www.readwn.com/down/3175.htmlSuper Military Scientist Mobile Reading: https://m.readwn.com/read/3175/ For the convenience of reading next time, you can click "Favorites" below to record the reading record of this time (Chapter 1693 Flying to Pluto), and you can see it next time you open the bookshelf! If you like "Super Military Scientist", please recommend this book to your friends (QQ, blog, WeChat, etc.), thank you stand by! (www.readwn.com)