Wu Fuyi drew up a study plan in his mind.
If you want to understand Newton's books, you must have a certain knowledge of the theoretical system, and it is absurd to get started directly with the English version.
Language is a problem.
The box of books brought by Yinzhen, take "Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy" as an example, its original version is in Latin.
Right now, this English version is not an official publication, but a handwritten translation by local scholars in London. ①
Other treatises in the box are also mixed in Latin and English.
In the West, "Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy" is considered to be one of the most difficult books to read in recent years, and its obscure writing has set a reading threshold for many laymen.
Peter, an English businessman who bought the book, mentioned a few words. He didn't ask for a deep understanding, because he admired Newton and collected all the articles.
All the way eastward, from London to Guangzhou, the ship sailed for more than half a year.
However, the reading plan was completely aborted because of the profound and complicated content of the book.After landing, I met the shopkeeper sent by Yinzhen in Guangzhou, and finally sold it at a price of 200 taels.
"The price is quite high, comparable to buying glass windows."
Yinzhen chatted about the specific purchase process of books.
Generally speaking, this transaction with businessman Peter was quite pleasant.
Peter longed for the scenery of the capital, and hoped to have the opportunity to go north to have a look, but he had to get the road guide approved by the court.
Although Guangzhou Port was open to the West for trade, foreigners were restricted to a certain area, and very few people could be approved to come to the capital.
Peter is willing to sell a whole box of books that he painstakingly collected, and it is more to get acquainted with contacts and get the qualification to go to Beijing.In his words, 200 taels of silver is just the cost price, not making money at all.
And ask the shopkeeper again and again to confirm the reading ability of the book buyer, don't be taken advantage of, and you can't read any of Newton's treatises when you buy them back.
This kind of thing happens from time to time in Europa.
When the Oriental fever hit, some nobles bought the Four Books and Five Classics to decorate the bookcases, but they couldn't read a few square characters at all.
The shopkeeper didn't dare to talk about his master's level of knowledge, so he dealt with it verbally. Peter bought the book first, and reported the situation to Master Jiu when he returned to Beijing for business.
Yinzhen's initial impression of the businessman Peter was acceptable, and it didn't sound like he was motivated by interests.
"Peter wants to go north to Beijing to pay homage, but I can't decide this matter. If you want me to say, he was just lucky this time, and the fourth brother was interested in people like Newton. Otherwise, it would be almost impossible for this box of books to be sold in Guangzhou. Go out, it's worse than a pile of waste paper."
When mentioning Newton, Yinzhen's tone was somewhat casual.
What he said was also true, a bunch of incomprehensible books written in foreign languages, even the stupid son of the landlord's family would not buy them.
Even the missionaries who came to the capital mentioned a few figures of the man in Europa, but they didn't pay much attention to them.
Yinzhen was rescued when he fell ill when he was a child and was given medicine by a missionary. He was friendly to Westerners.
Even he didn't think about studying all kinds of Western books, mainly because he didn't think it was necessary.The Qing Dynasty had a vast land and abundant resources, and there were also a group of skilled craftsmen. What else could it lack?
Speaking of Newton, I heard Peter talking about the director of the Royal Mint in England.
Yinzhen compared the land areas of the Qing Dynasty and England, and found a general horizontal reference for Newton's position, but it was not as good as Guangxi's chief minister.
The chief envoy manages officials, announces government orders, and is in charge of taxes.Newton was in charge of the mint, and at most he only had the power to manage money.
Due to the previous reasons, Yinzhen's indifference was the mainstream attitude of the Qing Dynasty from the official to the private.
Wu Fuyi was not surprised by Yinzhen's tone. Before the huge waves of the industrial revolution really came, no one would have thought that if they did not change, they would be drowned.
The beginning of the giant wave was the advent of the spinning jenny.According to the timeline she once knew, there are still more than 60 years from now.
It's no wonder that the Qing Dynasty doesn't have the slightest awareness now, and external changes are rapidly accumulating power secretly.Because it is far away from the ocean, the surface is still calm.
"Ninth brother, thank you for your hard work this time."
Wu Fuyi didn't rush to teach Yinzhen to pay attention to the changes in the West.
Right now, Yinzhen has learned foreign languages in several countries, and even he can't understand the box he bought.If he can't understand it, he can't appreciate the mystery of this kind of knowledge, so he is ignorant and fearless.
People go from being ignorant and fearless to knowing and being in awe, and finally breaking through to knowing but being fearless.
This process takes time, and requires constant updating of self-awareness.
For this reason, learning foreign language is the first step, to be able to understand the development of the Western world.
We cannot rely solely on missionaries for translation. We must be cautious. No one can say whether there will be intentional or unintentional omissions in the translation process.
At the same time, it is also important to have a series of step-by-step textbooks corresponding to the disciplines.
Reaching the sky in one step is idiotic. For example, it is ridiculous to ask people who have never studied mathematical equations and geometry to solve calculus.
Wu Fuyi has been in this world for more than a year.At first, I adapted to the official life of the fourth elder brother, and later I started a cowpox experiment, but I also did other things besides that.
For example, to give fourteen a math problem, it is not a matter of slapping one's head on how to solve the problem, but one needs to understand the current development of mathematics and physics.
After reading the mathematical works collected in the palace, among them, Mei Wending caught her attention the most. ②
This Xuancheng native who was born in Chongzhen six years ago is already 68 years old this year.
He has studied mathematics and astronomy for most of his life. He is not only proficient in traditional mathematics, but also has a lot of research on Western academics, and has also carried out the integration of Chinese and Western academics.This can be seen from his books such as "Question of History", "On Equation", "Example of Pythagorean", etc.
To compile a whole set of teaching materials, scientists like Mei Wending need to be invited to participate. If they play well, they can get twice the result with half the effort.
Kangxi liked the study of mathematics and science, and it was not a problem to encourage him to call famous experts to compile teaching materials.
The problem is to pay attention to the power of science ideologically, from mathematics to physics, astronomy, medicine and so on.Otherwise, no matter how good the books are, they will only be shelved in the end, gathering dust and dust.
Don't be too hasty in changing your mind.
Wu Fuyi knew very well that she didn't want to be troubled and didn't want to do nothing at all.Today's identity is the fourth elder brother, the prince, but not Kangxi's favorite son.
It is not to say that every step must be cautious, but there must be a degree of advance and retreat.Therefore, it is better to guide change with spring wind and rain, and moisten things silently.
At the moment, he didn't say much to Yinzhen.Brother Jiu didn't want to buy money for the book, so he waited for him to give him a generous gift on his birthday next month.After drinking two more cups of tea, chatting a few interesting stories about foreign merchants in Guangzhou city, I bid farewell before the sun went down.
Today is the Hungry Ghost Festival, it is best not to stay outside after dark, to avoid walking too much at night.
Wu Fuyi respected this custom.
When parting, she said to Yinzhen casually, "Speaking of which, even if the foreign merchant Peter has not been to the capital, he has seen the world, from London to Guangzhou, he has seen the vast sea.
I haven't had such an experience before. Do you think about visiting London one day?If there is such a day, it is said that it must be recorded in the history books that Aixinjueluo Yinzhen is the No. 1 envoy to Europa. "
If you ask other princes, such as Yinhu, I am afraid that they have never thought about leaving the center of power in the capital.
Yinzhen is different. He understands the customs of various places in order to do business, so he is really curious about the scenery outside.
Anyway, Kangxi couldn't understand him doing business, and he hasn't been knighted so far.
Instead of being a bald brother all the time, if he can really become Europa No.1, he will be famous in history to some extent.
To make an inappropriate analogy, the Sanbao eunuch of the Ming Dynasty went to the West, and his name will go down in history.
But before today, Yinzhen really never thought about going to sea.
The prince is not allowed to leave Beijing without an edict, and even going to Guangzhou in the south of the Yangtze River requires Kangxi's approval. How can he think about the distance of Europa.
"Fourth brother, don't make fun of my younger brother. Is there anything in the capital? I don't care about taking a seven or eight month boat to London. There is nothing to see in that kind of place."
Yinzhen said so, but a secret seed was planted in her heart, what is the outside world like?
Wu Fuyi smiled and stopped talking, as if it was an unintentional joke.
Let's say goodbye to each other.
On the return trip, Yinzhen remained very quiet in the carriage.
It should be said that he played the demure Wu Ze Fujin throughout the whole process, and never said a word no matter in the carriage or in the teahouse.
Being silent doesn't mean not thinking.
After returning to Zhuangzi in the northern suburbs, watching Su Peisheng send the complete works of Newton into the study, after all the other people left, he finally questioned Wu Fuyi.
"You want me to learn all these books, right?"
Yinzhen's tone was affirmative, "I speculate that its content can answer the whimsy of one of Honghui or Mo Yaqi."
Hong Hui wants to know why people can't fly, Mo Yaqi wants to synthesize new plants, and Hong Qin is interested in English.
Looking back now, it is very likely that Wu Fuyi deliberately guided the hobbies of the three children, and let them ask the fourteenth brother about it.
Yinzhen can be sure that this is a silent serial plan.
Fourteen couldn't answer the children's questions, and he couldn't answer them himself after taking over.
If they can't answer, they want to find out more according to their temperament.When Newton's book arrives, once I am told that there is a solution in the book, no matter how difficult it is, I will want to read it to understand it.
What should I do if I am not proficient in English in the past and cannot understand the English version?
Coincidentally, in order to tutor Hongying, Ben had to learn English again.This can kill two birds with one stone. After learning it, you can learn it well, and you can read books in English.
Step by step, Wu Fuyi didn't seem to be overly coercive, but made people go in a predetermined direction.
Yinzhen analyzed this string, and there were only two of them at the moment, and he simply spoke out.
"Admit it, you are old, cunning, and scheming. I guess you want to introduce the knowledge and thought of Newton and others. Are they really that important? Are they..."
Does it have any impact on the future of the Qing Dynasty?
Yinzhen didn't ask the last sentence.
The two had officially known each other for ten and a half months. He didn't ask about the old ghost's origin, but could only speculate that it was related to the future.
In the beginning, they didn't ask because they were wary of each other, but now they don't ask because they don't have enough trust.Even if the old ghost is willing to say it, how much will he believe it?
This question is not easy to assume.
Just as it is impossible to assume, if he returns to the fourth elder brother's body, how will he treat Wu Fuyi who has become the Wu clan?Is it really possible to set people free?Can you really let go of the past?
Therefore, he was not surprised that on the day of the martial arts competition, Wu Fuyi returned to his body for a short time, and Wu Fuyi rode away without looking back.
It doesn't make sense to think about it now.
In his heart, Yinzhen believed in the old Taoist's theory of repaying with his body.
Wu Fuyi sat calmly, responding to Yinzhen's questions without haste.
"First of all, please use the art of language. Please describe me as far-sighted and resourceful. Then, I think it is good to broaden your horizons and learn more knowledge. Anyway, you are idle when you are idle."
As for, Yinzhen didn't ask about the historical direction of the export, and she didn't give a positive answer.
Precisely because of the infinite reincarnation, knowing that it is better to have no history than to believe in history.No one can say whether to step into a parallel time and space, and how can they predict the future.
"There is a word called the butterfly effect. To put it simply, a small butterfly in the capital flaps its wings gently, and a storm will be set off in London on the other side of the ocean."
Wu Fuyi couldn't be sure what would happen in the future, whether the butterfly effect had happened somewhere without his knowledge. "I don't believe that the future is destined to be unchangeable. It's useless to talk too much, it's better to do something that can be done right now."
Yinzhen is quite patient, and really doesn't ask about the future.
He changed his tone and asked about the present, "No matter what happens in the future, you have to let Khan Ama enter the game. What are you going to do? Don't say you didn't think about it, I don't believe it."
Wu Fuyi smiled, "Why don't you guess, if you guess right, you will be rewarded."
What kind of reward did Yinzhen subconsciously want to ask?
Why do you feel that instead of cheating him, the old ghost offered to give him a reward, which made him feel more ominous?
Was it because he was suspicious, or was he persecuted by the old ghost so much that he was getting used to it?
The author has something to say: ① "Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy" published in 1687, Newton originally wrote the first edition in Latin.The first English edition, published in 1729, still maintains the original binding.
The timeline in the article will change, so there is no need for textual research.
~~~
② Refer to the summary of Baidu Encyclopedia: Mei Wending (1633-1721), a native of Xuanzhou.An astronomer and mathematician in the early Qing Dynasty, he was the "No. 1 Calculator" and "Founder of the Mountain" in the Qing Dynasty. He was praised by the world's science and technology history circles as the "Three World Scientific Giants" on par with Newton of the United Kingdom and Takawa Seki of Japan.
If you want to understand Newton's books, you must have a certain knowledge of the theoretical system, and it is absurd to get started directly with the English version.
Language is a problem.
The box of books brought by Yinzhen, take "Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy" as an example, its original version is in Latin.
Right now, this English version is not an official publication, but a handwritten translation by local scholars in London. ①
Other treatises in the box are also mixed in Latin and English.
In the West, "Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy" is considered to be one of the most difficult books to read in recent years, and its obscure writing has set a reading threshold for many laymen.
Peter, an English businessman who bought the book, mentioned a few words. He didn't ask for a deep understanding, because he admired Newton and collected all the articles.
All the way eastward, from London to Guangzhou, the ship sailed for more than half a year.
However, the reading plan was completely aborted because of the profound and complicated content of the book.After landing, I met the shopkeeper sent by Yinzhen in Guangzhou, and finally sold it at a price of 200 taels.
"The price is quite high, comparable to buying glass windows."
Yinzhen chatted about the specific purchase process of books.
Generally speaking, this transaction with businessman Peter was quite pleasant.
Peter longed for the scenery of the capital, and hoped to have the opportunity to go north to have a look, but he had to get the road guide approved by the court.
Although Guangzhou Port was open to the West for trade, foreigners were restricted to a certain area, and very few people could be approved to come to the capital.
Peter is willing to sell a whole box of books that he painstakingly collected, and it is more to get acquainted with contacts and get the qualification to go to Beijing.In his words, 200 taels of silver is just the cost price, not making money at all.
And ask the shopkeeper again and again to confirm the reading ability of the book buyer, don't be taken advantage of, and you can't read any of Newton's treatises when you buy them back.
This kind of thing happens from time to time in Europa.
When the Oriental fever hit, some nobles bought the Four Books and Five Classics to decorate the bookcases, but they couldn't read a few square characters at all.
The shopkeeper didn't dare to talk about his master's level of knowledge, so he dealt with it verbally. Peter bought the book first, and reported the situation to Master Jiu when he returned to Beijing for business.
Yinzhen's initial impression of the businessman Peter was acceptable, and it didn't sound like he was motivated by interests.
"Peter wants to go north to Beijing to pay homage, but I can't decide this matter. If you want me to say, he was just lucky this time, and the fourth brother was interested in people like Newton. Otherwise, it would be almost impossible for this box of books to be sold in Guangzhou. Go out, it's worse than a pile of waste paper."
When mentioning Newton, Yinzhen's tone was somewhat casual.
What he said was also true, a bunch of incomprehensible books written in foreign languages, even the stupid son of the landlord's family would not buy them.
Even the missionaries who came to the capital mentioned a few figures of the man in Europa, but they didn't pay much attention to them.
Yinzhen was rescued when he fell ill when he was a child and was given medicine by a missionary. He was friendly to Westerners.
Even he didn't think about studying all kinds of Western books, mainly because he didn't think it was necessary.The Qing Dynasty had a vast land and abundant resources, and there were also a group of skilled craftsmen. What else could it lack?
Speaking of Newton, I heard Peter talking about the director of the Royal Mint in England.
Yinzhen compared the land areas of the Qing Dynasty and England, and found a general horizontal reference for Newton's position, but it was not as good as Guangxi's chief minister.
The chief envoy manages officials, announces government orders, and is in charge of taxes.Newton was in charge of the mint, and at most he only had the power to manage money.
Due to the previous reasons, Yinzhen's indifference was the mainstream attitude of the Qing Dynasty from the official to the private.
Wu Fuyi was not surprised by Yinzhen's tone. Before the huge waves of the industrial revolution really came, no one would have thought that if they did not change, they would be drowned.
The beginning of the giant wave was the advent of the spinning jenny.According to the timeline she once knew, there are still more than 60 years from now.
It's no wonder that the Qing Dynasty doesn't have the slightest awareness now, and external changes are rapidly accumulating power secretly.Because it is far away from the ocean, the surface is still calm.
"Ninth brother, thank you for your hard work this time."
Wu Fuyi didn't rush to teach Yinzhen to pay attention to the changes in the West.
Right now, Yinzhen has learned foreign languages in several countries, and even he can't understand the box he bought.If he can't understand it, he can't appreciate the mystery of this kind of knowledge, so he is ignorant and fearless.
People go from being ignorant and fearless to knowing and being in awe, and finally breaking through to knowing but being fearless.
This process takes time, and requires constant updating of self-awareness.
For this reason, learning foreign language is the first step, to be able to understand the development of the Western world.
We cannot rely solely on missionaries for translation. We must be cautious. No one can say whether there will be intentional or unintentional omissions in the translation process.
At the same time, it is also important to have a series of step-by-step textbooks corresponding to the disciplines.
Reaching the sky in one step is idiotic. For example, it is ridiculous to ask people who have never studied mathematical equations and geometry to solve calculus.
Wu Fuyi has been in this world for more than a year.At first, I adapted to the official life of the fourth elder brother, and later I started a cowpox experiment, but I also did other things besides that.
For example, to give fourteen a math problem, it is not a matter of slapping one's head on how to solve the problem, but one needs to understand the current development of mathematics and physics.
After reading the mathematical works collected in the palace, among them, Mei Wending caught her attention the most. ②
This Xuancheng native who was born in Chongzhen six years ago is already 68 years old this year.
He has studied mathematics and astronomy for most of his life. He is not only proficient in traditional mathematics, but also has a lot of research on Western academics, and has also carried out the integration of Chinese and Western academics.This can be seen from his books such as "Question of History", "On Equation", "Example of Pythagorean", etc.
To compile a whole set of teaching materials, scientists like Mei Wending need to be invited to participate. If they play well, they can get twice the result with half the effort.
Kangxi liked the study of mathematics and science, and it was not a problem to encourage him to call famous experts to compile teaching materials.
The problem is to pay attention to the power of science ideologically, from mathematics to physics, astronomy, medicine and so on.Otherwise, no matter how good the books are, they will only be shelved in the end, gathering dust and dust.
Don't be too hasty in changing your mind.
Wu Fuyi knew very well that she didn't want to be troubled and didn't want to do nothing at all.Today's identity is the fourth elder brother, the prince, but not Kangxi's favorite son.
It is not to say that every step must be cautious, but there must be a degree of advance and retreat.Therefore, it is better to guide change with spring wind and rain, and moisten things silently.
At the moment, he didn't say much to Yinzhen.Brother Jiu didn't want to buy money for the book, so he waited for him to give him a generous gift on his birthday next month.After drinking two more cups of tea, chatting a few interesting stories about foreign merchants in Guangzhou city, I bid farewell before the sun went down.
Today is the Hungry Ghost Festival, it is best not to stay outside after dark, to avoid walking too much at night.
Wu Fuyi respected this custom.
When parting, she said to Yinzhen casually, "Speaking of which, even if the foreign merchant Peter has not been to the capital, he has seen the world, from London to Guangzhou, he has seen the vast sea.
I haven't had such an experience before. Do you think about visiting London one day?If there is such a day, it is said that it must be recorded in the history books that Aixinjueluo Yinzhen is the No. 1 envoy to Europa. "
If you ask other princes, such as Yinhu, I am afraid that they have never thought about leaving the center of power in the capital.
Yinzhen is different. He understands the customs of various places in order to do business, so he is really curious about the scenery outside.
Anyway, Kangxi couldn't understand him doing business, and he hasn't been knighted so far.
Instead of being a bald brother all the time, if he can really become Europa No.1, he will be famous in history to some extent.
To make an inappropriate analogy, the Sanbao eunuch of the Ming Dynasty went to the West, and his name will go down in history.
But before today, Yinzhen really never thought about going to sea.
The prince is not allowed to leave Beijing without an edict, and even going to Guangzhou in the south of the Yangtze River requires Kangxi's approval. How can he think about the distance of Europa.
"Fourth brother, don't make fun of my younger brother. Is there anything in the capital? I don't care about taking a seven or eight month boat to London. There is nothing to see in that kind of place."
Yinzhen said so, but a secret seed was planted in her heart, what is the outside world like?
Wu Fuyi smiled and stopped talking, as if it was an unintentional joke.
Let's say goodbye to each other.
On the return trip, Yinzhen remained very quiet in the carriage.
It should be said that he played the demure Wu Ze Fujin throughout the whole process, and never said a word no matter in the carriage or in the teahouse.
Being silent doesn't mean not thinking.
After returning to Zhuangzi in the northern suburbs, watching Su Peisheng send the complete works of Newton into the study, after all the other people left, he finally questioned Wu Fuyi.
"You want me to learn all these books, right?"
Yinzhen's tone was affirmative, "I speculate that its content can answer the whimsy of one of Honghui or Mo Yaqi."
Hong Hui wants to know why people can't fly, Mo Yaqi wants to synthesize new plants, and Hong Qin is interested in English.
Looking back now, it is very likely that Wu Fuyi deliberately guided the hobbies of the three children, and let them ask the fourteenth brother about it.
Yinzhen can be sure that this is a silent serial plan.
Fourteen couldn't answer the children's questions, and he couldn't answer them himself after taking over.
If they can't answer, they want to find out more according to their temperament.When Newton's book arrives, once I am told that there is a solution in the book, no matter how difficult it is, I will want to read it to understand it.
What should I do if I am not proficient in English in the past and cannot understand the English version?
Coincidentally, in order to tutor Hongying, Ben had to learn English again.This can kill two birds with one stone. After learning it, you can learn it well, and you can read books in English.
Step by step, Wu Fuyi didn't seem to be overly coercive, but made people go in a predetermined direction.
Yinzhen analyzed this string, and there were only two of them at the moment, and he simply spoke out.
"Admit it, you are old, cunning, and scheming. I guess you want to introduce the knowledge and thought of Newton and others. Are they really that important? Are they..."
Does it have any impact on the future of the Qing Dynasty?
Yinzhen didn't ask the last sentence.
The two had officially known each other for ten and a half months. He didn't ask about the old ghost's origin, but could only speculate that it was related to the future.
In the beginning, they didn't ask because they were wary of each other, but now they don't ask because they don't have enough trust.Even if the old ghost is willing to say it, how much will he believe it?
This question is not easy to assume.
Just as it is impossible to assume, if he returns to the fourth elder brother's body, how will he treat Wu Fuyi who has become the Wu clan?Is it really possible to set people free?Can you really let go of the past?
Therefore, he was not surprised that on the day of the martial arts competition, Wu Fuyi returned to his body for a short time, and Wu Fuyi rode away without looking back.
It doesn't make sense to think about it now.
In his heart, Yinzhen believed in the old Taoist's theory of repaying with his body.
Wu Fuyi sat calmly, responding to Yinzhen's questions without haste.
"First of all, please use the art of language. Please describe me as far-sighted and resourceful. Then, I think it is good to broaden your horizons and learn more knowledge. Anyway, you are idle when you are idle."
As for, Yinzhen didn't ask about the historical direction of the export, and she didn't give a positive answer.
Precisely because of the infinite reincarnation, knowing that it is better to have no history than to believe in history.No one can say whether to step into a parallel time and space, and how can they predict the future.
"There is a word called the butterfly effect. To put it simply, a small butterfly in the capital flaps its wings gently, and a storm will be set off in London on the other side of the ocean."
Wu Fuyi couldn't be sure what would happen in the future, whether the butterfly effect had happened somewhere without his knowledge. "I don't believe that the future is destined to be unchangeable. It's useless to talk too much, it's better to do something that can be done right now."
Yinzhen is quite patient, and really doesn't ask about the future.
He changed his tone and asked about the present, "No matter what happens in the future, you have to let Khan Ama enter the game. What are you going to do? Don't say you didn't think about it, I don't believe it."
Wu Fuyi smiled, "Why don't you guess, if you guess right, you will be rewarded."
What kind of reward did Yinzhen subconsciously want to ask?
Why do you feel that instead of cheating him, the old ghost offered to give him a reward, which made him feel more ominous?
Was it because he was suspicious, or was he persecuted by the old ghost so much that he was getting used to it?
The author has something to say: ① "Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy" published in 1687, Newton originally wrote the first edition in Latin.The first English edition, published in 1729, still maintains the original binding.
The timeline in the article will change, so there is no need for textual research.
~~~
② Refer to the summary of Baidu Encyclopedia: Mei Wending (1633-1721), a native of Xuanzhou.An astronomer and mathematician in the early Qing Dynasty, he was the "No. 1 Calculator" and "Founder of the Mountain" in the Qing Dynasty. He was praised by the world's science and technology history circles as the "Three World Scientific Giants" on par with Newton of the United Kingdom and Takawa Seki of Japan.
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