[Comprehensive History] Clothes are all over the world

Sitting upright is one of the ancient rituals, and it is also a great ritual today. In this posture, the person’s knees are on the ground, and the buttocks are sitting on the ankles. Because of the structure of the human body, the upper body of the person using this sitting posture will be straightened involuntarily. , looks very dignified.

——Of course, this posture did not become a great gift because it looks good, but because stools had not been introduced to the Central Plains at that time, everyone sat on mats or futons, and the clothes in the early days were all open crotch pants. This sitting method is The best posture that can effectively cover the lower body to avoid making a fool of yourself has been popular for more than a thousand years.

The Hua people are a nation that pays great attention to practicality. Therefore, after the introduction of the Hu stool, the extremely comfortable vertical sitting gradually replaced the upright sitting. In the Song Dynasty, the official general sitting posture of the country was also changed to the vertical sitting. Also known as "hu sitting".

Sitting upright is more used for big ceremonies and extremely formal occasions, and of course there are friends of gentlemen and private Zhouli Restoration Party.

...Uh, there are also times when children act like a good boy.

Mu Bai blinked his round eyes, and his bald head also looked very cute, "Sir, the students must know everything."

Mr. Wang then smiled more kindly, but the question he asked was extremely sharp: "If you were the commander of the Ming army, when would you choose to attack Yunnan?"

"Winter." Mu Bai didn't hesitate, his answer made Mu Wen, who was trying to cross his legs like an adult, looked over, his big eyes were filled with confusion.

"Oh? Why did you choose it in winter?" Mr. Wang remained motionless, still smiling and kind. From his expression, it was completely impossible to tell whether he agreed or disagreed with Mu Bai's answer.

Mu Bai knew it well, and he was not afraid.He sorted out his thoughts, hesitated between normal narration and pretending to be a child, and finally chose the former.Then I saw the young boy talking eloquently: "The Ming army attacked the grassland in the north at the beginning of the year. Now that the general trend of the grassland has been determined, officers and soldiers are still stationed. If we attack Yunnan now, in order not to cause trouble, the emperor of the Ming Dynasty can use the troops from the south."

"There are many mountains in Yunnan, complex weather changes, dense forests as a natural shelter, and snakes, rats, insects, and miasma in the forest that the Ming army did not understand well and could hardly deal with. These are the biggest difficulties for the Northern Army to attack south. Bei Yuan understands this. It is impossible for the Ming army with many southerners not to understand."

"Therefore, sending troops in winter has three advantages: first, snakes, rats, and poisonous insects in the winter forest are all dormant, and occasionally waking up will not cause major trouble; second, the wind in the mountains is strong, and miasma is difficult to accumulate; as for the third... "

Mu Bai paused for a while, raised his eyes to look at his husband, and continued under his smiling gaze: "Yunnan is cold in winter, but for northerners, this temperature has no effect, but for us, it is a bit unbearable. Although we have the advantage of the terrain and wait for work at ease, it is difficult to fully utilize it due to the shackles of the climate, and the opponent will turn our advantages into disadvantages."

In addition to these factors, there is actually one more point. When it comes to the four seasons of spring, summer, autumn and winter, winter is the most capable of changing the terrain.

Don’t think that Kunming was called the city of spring in later generations, so you can take it for granted that most of Yunnan has a climate like spring all year round. The northern Yunnan region they belong to has a typical mountainous climate. Due to the high altitude, winter is still very cold.Last year, the two brothers of the Mu family survived the winter thanks to the firewood sponsored by the village head and Mr. Wang, but they also suffered a lot.

If it is a cold winter, the river will be frozen, the sunken mountain stream will be filled with snow, the protruding mounds will no longer be obvious, the forest will completely lose the sense of direction after the leaves have fallen, and the beasts in the forest will be more ferocious. Several times, even the most experienced hunters dare not enter such a forest.

And this kind of climate is very accustomed to northerners (yes, for them in Yunnan, the people of Yingtianfu, where the capital of Ming Dynasty is located, are already northerners!).

In ancient times, climate was a very important factor in wars. The "time" in "time and place" refers to climate and meteorological factors, which must not be underestimated.

For example, when the Yuan government attacked the Southern Song Dynasty, it retreated several times because the Northern Yuan army could not stand the scorching heat in the south, and the cavalry troops who were accustomed to galloping on horses in the cool grasslands could not adapt to the humid and hot summer in the south of the Yangtze River. .

Not only people couldn't stand it, but horses couldn't stand it either. After cavalry soldiers rushed to the street with heat stroke one after another, the commander of the Yuan army at that time could only go back cursing when the situation was very good.

The ridiculous thing is that after the Southern Song Dynasty government mastered this skill, they consciously got some great skills. They didn't think about how to strengthen the army and retreat from the enemy. longer.A bunch of civil servants naively thought that as long as the summer lasted, the Yankees would not be able to bear it.

Such a strategy did work a few times before, but after the Mongolian army learned the counterweight trebuchet called "Huihui Cannon" outside, the situation suddenly reversed.

No matter how strong the city wall is, it can't protect the army in the city from the trebuchet.Long-term defense consumes not only willpower but also vigor. When the food and grass are exhausted, people's hearts will be scattered, and naturally they will no longer be able to stop the enemy.

The Southern Song Dynasty collapsed.

The emperors and courtiers of the Ming Dynasty were all a generation born out of bloody wars. Naturally, it is impossible not to know this truth. Therefore, Mu Bai is [-]% sure that the opponent will launch an attack in winter, and the remaining [-]%...then It depends on whether the Ming army has subdued the soldiers and civilians in Sichuan and Guizhou who were just beaten down by them.

After all, everyone is a neighbor, and the climate is not much different. If the Sichuan Army and Qian Army can be used, it is very possible to fight in other seasons.

Regarding the student's analysis, although Mr. Wang did not expressly agree or disagree, but judging from his attitude of pouring a glass of honey water for Mu Bai, he is still in a good mood.

Mu Bai took the tea, glanced at his younger brother who was sitting beside him, and poured half of the honey.Mu Wen suddenly smiled, and happily drank the honey water.

Children are all addicted to sweets, and Mu Wen is no exception, his eyes glow when he sees some sweets.

However, regardless of the lush flowers and plants in Yunnan, the honey here is not cheap at all, and it can be used to offset taxes and fees. Occasionally take a little bit from my husband.

The honey harvested in this season is all flowers nectar, and the bees have brewed the essence of a spring in these few drops of honeydew.

Just as Mu Bai was drinking the honey water happily, he suddenly heard Mr. Wang suddenly ask another question: "Why does Dalang think that the Ming army will start a war this year?"

Well, do you even need to ask?Mu Bai said without thinking, "If you don't have this heart, Yunnan and Jinling are thousands of miles away, how can we have such good news here?"

According to the level of word-of-mouth information transmission in this era, what happened half a year ago can be transmitted here vividly, and there has not been a copy of it out of shape.

Look at this scene that focuses on describing the scene of Bei Yuan running away and how mighty and majestic Da Ming is. No matter how you look at it, it is not the natural transmission of news, [-]% of it is a public opinion war.

The war of public opinion is not a modern invention, it started in the era when Mu Bai lived, but at that time their routines were relatively shallow, and most of them were BB before the army fought, what kind of cheating did you do? That is to give yourself a legitimate name.

The current routine is a bit deeper. Some promote how capable they are, some promote how many soldiers they have, and some promote what treatment they will give to the recovered areas. the willpower of the people.

Seeing that Daming's intelligence agency has spread the news in Yunnan to the extent that he can know it, the meaning of the next door should not be too obvious.

Just as he was slandering like this, Mu Bai saw something suddenly appeared in front of him, a book with a rough cut was placed on the table.

Mu Bai looked down and saw the words "Heart Sutra" written on the book, and a big question mark popped up in his head.

Mr. Wang, who pushed the thing over, smiled very kindly: "Da Lang, since you have already made such an appearance, don't let it down. You can take this Buddhist scripture and read it a little bit."

"By the way, if the Ming army breaks through Kunming, then our place will be under the control of Daming. According to Daming's regulations, the monks there must be vegetarian."

Mubai:! ! !

Pupil Earthquake!

Mu Bai fell into an unprecedented ideological struggle.

The author has something to say:

The number of words in these two pages will be a little less, because the number of words is too large to be listed normally, the number of words in the previous update is too much... I have to suppress it, forgive me!

The composition of Buddhism in Yunnan is relatively complicated. Due to geographical factors and the relatively late contact with the Central Plains, it is basically not affected by our Han Buddhism, but by the neighboring Myanmar. The main practice is Theravada Buddhism and the Tibetan Buddhism next door Tibetan Buddhism.Both of these are not forbidden to eat meat, of course, but there are restrictions, and not everything can be eaten.

The teachings of Theravada Buddhism are a bit similar to ascetic monks, who usually beg for food. According to their regulations, what they beg for is what to eat, so even if the other party gives them meat, they must eat it (this is also in line with the three pure meats of Buddhism. concept).

As for Tibetan Buddhism, it is due to regional relations. Tibet’s farming conditions are weak and the climate is bitter and cold. Therefore, if Tibetans believe in Buddhism and do not eat meat, they probably cannot survive. Therefore, the Buddhist teachings of these two places do not have much requirements for eating meat. , Of course, you can still eat without eating.

Of course, in fact, the Ming government did not pay much attention to their beliefs after the unification of Yunnan. Although Lao Zhu himself was a monk, he was always harsh on monks.

His experience as a monk is also a legend. Everyone knows that Lao Zhu became a monk to make a living after his family suffered a disaster. As a young novice, Lao Zhu was mainly responsible for the cleaning work at the bottom. It is said that he was squeezed by his predecessors The labor force also saw how corrupt those monks were.

Once he made a negligence and let the candles in front of the Buddha be eaten by mice. This was known to other monks, so the abbot punished him to clean the Buddha statue.

Ordinary people will recognize it if they recognize it, but he doesn’t, he said: candles are placed in front of Buddha statues, a Buddha can’t even control candles, what kind of Buddha is he? Secretly wrote a sentence on the back of the Buddha statue: "Distribution for three thousand miles"

Ordinary people really can't do this, so he doesn't believe in these gods and ghosts at all, but what's great about him is that he doesn't believe in these things, but he doesn't ask others not to believe it. After becoming emperor, he is just normal ground management.

That is: I don't recognize you, but I recognize your reasonable attitude.

Lao Zhu, as the most righteous emperor since the Han Dynasty, has a lot to do with his character. Before Zhu Biao died, he was generally a relatively tolerant person. Especially for ordinary people.

Precisely because he was born poor, he paid great attention to the rights and interests of the people and the freedom of speech. He was afraid that the officials he sent to Yurou Township had specially stipulated that people could sue officials, and the government offices were not allowed to stop people along the way. If there is a grievance, the people can beat it.

Although he is the emperor on horseback, he has been very cautious about using troops throughout his life. For the sake of the relationship between Daming and neighboring countries, he has set thirteen non-conquering countries (that is, as long as you have no rebellion, I will never take the initiative to conquer you, no? Seriously, I won’t hit you if you dance around)

Although the responsibility of supervision and inspection of Jinyiwei was established, he also abolished it at the end of the period, and it was reactivated by Zhu Di later.

He has been fighting against corruption all his life. (However, he never peeled the skins and put them in the government office. Hai Rui said about this later. It never happened in history). Only when there is a lack of something will there be propaganda. In the early Ming Dynasty, those who engaged in corruption were either already belching or about to belch.

It's full of class hatred for officials (cough)

There is one thing to say, I think his biggest mistake is to make his grandson the emperor, the problem is not because of Zhu Yunqi, if Zhu Laosi is not in Zhu Yunqi, he may not be able to manage a country well.But his move set a "precedent" in the succession system of the throne, which will lead to many tragedies. This is the broken window effect, just like why the whole Tang dynasty was full of killings between blood brothers, because there was a bad "precedent" .

Some people also say that the biggest mistake of Lao Zhu is that the entrustment of the princes gave Zhu Di a chance. In fact, Lao Zhu’s matter is not as good as man’s calculation. In the north, he sealed three sons and restrained each other. Unexpectedly, the other two were considered young. His early death created a situation in which Zhu Di's family dominated. In fact, Lao Zhu later found out that something was wrong, but he died before he could make adjustments, which also gave Zhu Di a chance.

This is also destiny.

Mu Xiaobai took a lot of advantage by relying on his status as a monk, and it's time to pay the price quack quack quack.

For Yunnan people, Yuan and Ming have no tendency. They think in their hearts: Anyway, no matter who is the emperor, we can’t control us. The great thing is to show your loyalty and then you can be the emperor of the soil. I didn’t expect them to overturn in the future. , Old Zhu is really good at being an emperor. Otherwise, how could Kangxi say that he is "Zhilong Tang and Song Dynasties". This is not just because he wants to win over the Han people. The Ming Dynasty before the Civil Fort was really bullish. Soaring to the sky, even at the end of the period, he is still a strong man who can suppress the Portuguese caravan and Japan. If it were not for the small ice river + plague (← yes, there is also a relationship between the plague) at the end of the dynasty, history really does not know what will happen.