Black Technology Refresher Manual

Sheng Mingan retreated for many days and gained a lot, but he was only one step away from breaking through the most critical technical barrier, and he had no clue.

Under the premise of being at a loss, Sheng Mingan listened to his instructor's advice and temporarily put down his first job to go to class, complete other subjects, learn some extracurricular knowledge, and participate in extracurricular activities such as MIT's well-known competitive sports.

After class this day, Sheng Mingan passed by the dormitory building. Out of the corner of his eye, he caught a glimpse of a whiteboard at the door saying that there would be a lecture on graphene superconductivity at six o'clock in the evening, and then look at the lecture professor: Pablo.

It was the discovery that the graphene magic angle has superconductivity.

Sheng Mingan only pondered for two seconds before quickly deciding to listen to tonight's lecture.

He went back to the dormitory to tidy up, talked to Chen Jingqiu on the mobile phone, and then went to the lecture theater where the lecture was held.It was still early, and only a few people in the classroom looked down at their books. Sheng Mingan found a seat in the middle and sat down, opened the draft book and continued to calculate.

Time passed by, and at 05:30, the classrooms were full, even the aisles were full of people. It seems that the superconductivity of graphene has indeed aroused the interest of many people, and everyone wants to get big in this unfamiliar field. slam.

As soon as six o'clock arrived, the lecture started on time.

Pablo is a middle-aged man of medium build, wearing a black suit without a tie, the collar and the corners of the clothes are a little messy, and he looks a bit rough.

"Carbon-based materials with valence electrons occupying p-orbitals have little to do with strongly correlated systems. It is generally believed that they cannot be superconducting materials." The image says: "But magic-angle graphene superconductivity is an exception -- this is the temperature-carrier-concentration phase diagram."

Sheng Mingan looked at the temperature carrier concentration phase diagram on the PPT, heart? Lake fluctuations, quickly copied this picture, and then listened intently to Pablo: "...The energy band relationship of graphene is the same as that of photons. The linear relationship cannot be studied as a strongly correlated system. However, the experimental results show that the Fermi velocity of graphene turns to zero at some special angles, and a flat energy band is formed near the Fermi surface. In the flat energy band, the Coulomb force of electrons? Not to be ignored."

The so-called strong correlation system means that the Coulomb force between electrons and electrons cannot be ignored. Originally, graphene does not have a strong correlation system, but when two layers of graphene are rotated at some special angles, the Fermi velocity will become zero. , resulting in a flat energy band.

The Coulomb force at the flat energy band cannot be ignored, so graphene has a strong correlation system, which is different from most carbon-based materials and becomes an unconventional superconducting material with superconductivity.

Different special rotation angles between graphene and graphene will produce unexpected reactions or properties. For example, graphene rotated by 1.1° has superconductivity.

Therefore, the special rotation angle of graphene has always been a hot field of research by material physicists.

Pablo continued: "The graphene magic angle experiment confirmed that the carrier concentration required for graphene superconducting materials is the lowest among all known superconducting materials, and we can change the insulator by changing the carrier concentration. "

Carriers, current carriers, the loss of electrons in semiconductors resulting in covalent bonds leaving vacancies are carriers, and free-moving electrons with charges are also carriers.

There are two types of carriers in semiconductors, vacancies and electrons.

Sheng Ming felt relieved? His beating speeded up. He remembered the more than 5000 copper oxide mixture samples sent by the research institute. He remembered the conclusion drawn from the mixture sample data that electrons affect the concentration of superconducting critical temperature. He felt that he had vaguely touched the path to the truth. That white film.

Pablo on the stage said: "You should know that since the discovery of superconductors, it has been divided into two stages. One is conventional superconductors, and the corresponding superconducting theory is BCS theory, which explains the mechanism behind conventional superconductivity very well. , although people initially thought that this was the microscopic theory of how all superconducting materials work."

The BCS theory came out, the superconducting mechanism was cracked, and Bardeen, the discoverer of the theory, was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics. However, people soon discovered that even if the superconducting theory is mastered, room temperature superconducting cannot be realized until the new superconducting copper oxide material be found.

New superconducting materials have been discovered, but the BCS theory cannot explain the theory of new superconducting materials, and there is still no way to achieve room temperature superconductivity.

Only then did people realize that the original BCS theory can only explain the operation mechanism of a part of superconductors (metal superconductors), and it is not a perfect superconducting theory.

"The second is unconventional superconductivity. There is no corresponding theory of superconductivity. So far, we cannot know the operation mechanism behind it, and cannot come up with a perfect physical theory."

"And now I can tell you clearly that magic-angle bilayer graphene has many similarities with many unconventional superconducting materials, which is why I gave this lecture and why I stand here."

Pablo looked around the classroom and encouraged him kindly: "I? I hope that young physicists of your generation can establish a new theory of superconductivity and realize superconductivity at room temperature."

Encouraged by this, the young students in the classroom showed proud expressions and straightened their spines involuntarily, as if the superconductivity theory that had troubled the physics world for decades was just a snow mountain that would be conquered sooner or later.

Even if they actually understand how difficult it is to conquer that snow mountain.

Even if they are geniuses—undoubtedly, there are geniuses from all over the world gathered here, and they are so smart that they are embarrassingly smart, but in the hall of physics, only the geniuses of geniuses are honored to be crowned laurels.

It's just the encouragement from the elders that inspired their fighting spirit, and mastering these speaking skills is the basic quality that an excellent lecturer should possess.

While the discussion was still heated, Pablo continued to guide the students to explore his ideas, and everyone present was immersed in it, except Sheng Ming'an.

Sheng Ming was restless, restless, and climbed to the peak of the snow mountain, but was blocked by a huge boulder in front of him. He found the material for making a lever to pry the boulder open, so he fidgeted, and quickly got up and quietly left through the back door.

He was originally sitting in the most conspicuous position in the middle, but when he left, he bowed his waist and tried to keep a low profile, but he still attracted some attention, such as Julian who also came to learn from the last row.

Halfway through the recording, Julian raised her head and saw Sheng Mingan leaving, she couldn't help but wondered. Didn't he also carry out the graphene superconducting project?Why not take this opportunity to learn from Professor Pablo?

Or does he not need it?Already arrogant to this point?

Julian shook her head, excluding the possibility that Sheng Ming'an was too arrogant to look down on Professor Pablo's lecture, even she could see the brilliance of Professor Pablo's lecture, Sheng Ming'an couldn't give up the lecture halfway, unless he——

Inspiration burst!

Julian's expression was complicated. If it was really a flash of inspiration from her guess, then Sheng Ming'an must have been favored by the great physics god!

Leaving Sheng Mingan was indeed full of inspiration. He hurried back to the dormitory, closed the door and turned off the lights, drew the curtains, and put himself in a closed and safe space where no one would be disturbed. Then he took out his mobile phone to ask for leave, and at the same time notified Chen Jingqiu In case he found it but didn't receive the communication.

Then shut down the phone, open the draft book and the computer, and fall into the huge thrill of inspiration brought about by the burst of inspiration. He recklessly squandered his luck, which was favored by the God of Physics? His mixed sample data of copper compounds, as well as the data of graphene-related experiments done in the institute and later at MIT, combined with the inspiration obtained from lectures and Pablo, designed the experimental plan, and tried to draw from it Derived the mathematical formula for the theory of superconductivity.

"Pairing symmetry of superconductivity, wave superconductivity corresponding to different superconducting materials, each type of wave superconductivity has different manifestations, and the mathematical formula is expressed as..."

"Coupled superconductivity theory based on BCS theory..."

Turning pages, turning pages, the white paper is filled with elegant fonts, and the calculations of dense physical formulas are deduced layer by layer until the page is turned continuously, but still no results are obtained, but Sheng Mingan is not discouraged, as expected, full of patience? Keep writing.

After finally finishing a round of calculations, he quickly threw himself into the next round.

The relationship between physics and mathematics is the most intimate. If mathematics is the cornerstone of all human subjects, physics must be the strongest tree growing on this cornerstone, with luxuriant branches and leaves covering the sky and the sun.

Any physical experiment is inseparable from mathematical calculations, and any physical theory is based on formulas formed under mathematical derivation.

"P-wave superconductor phase transition..."

As lines of clear experimental ideas were recorded, the experimental plan in Sheng Ming'an's mind gradually took shape, and the conjecture structure of the new superconducting theory had been built up, waiting for him to give flesh and skin.

***

Chen Jingqiu's first reaction when he walked out of the laboratory was to open the storage cabinet and take out his mobile phone, open the chat software, click on the top object, and as soon as his thumb stopped on the input box, he saw Sheng Mingan's message: [Busy, turn off the phone. ]

[In the next few days, I miss you every day. ]

[I left a voice mail, sent regularly, two times a day. ]

Chen Jingqiu pursed her lips, couldn't help laughing, exited the software, went to receive voicemails in the mailbox, and clicked on the first message: "Today I went to a Berlin restaurant to eat curry sausage, the taste was okay, but I? Miss you so much." fish jelly. '

Sheng Mingan likes to eat pork trotter jelly, pork skin jelly and fish jelly that are not greasy. In the past, Grandpa Sheng made them for him. Later, Chen Jingqiu learned how to cook and let him cook to satisfy Sheng Mingan. The lust of tongue.

Now Shengming Anyuan is overseas, and he has not tasted it for a few months, and I really miss it.

That's it?Chen Jingqiu raised her eyebrows, a little dissatisfied, and opened the second voicemail, and Sheng Mingan's muffled voice seemed to be covered in a quilt: "Brother, I? I learned a lot of new knowledge." '

There was a moment of silence, only the sound of shallow breathing.

Chen Jingqiu glanced at the recording time, it was quite long, he continued to wait, while dissatisfied that Sheng Mingan didn't say anything about loving and thinking about him, at the same time he was slightly satisfied with Sheng Mingan's sharing of daily life.

He wondered what knowledge Sheng Ming'an had learned. Watching him retreat, he should have touched the barriers of superconductivity theory, or a key breakthrough in room temperature superconductivity technology?

All in all, definitely a great find.

Chen Jingqiu also thought of his scientific research in the laboratory today. After the first discharge, the huge tokamak device constructed with precise and vast data, withstood the high temperature shock brought by the first discharge, and moved towards the development of new energy. The goal is a big step forward.

All the staff of the Institute of Nuclear Industry were very excited and came to congratulate him one after another. Even the dean agreed that he would graduate early and made an exception to allow him to enter the institute as a full-time employee and participate in the large scientific project of nuclear fusion ignition reactor. Waiting for him to practice for a year or two, After some achievements, he will be promoted to associate researcher (associate senior, associate professor title).

He immediately wanted to share his joyful mood with Sheng Mingan.

'cough……'

Chen Jingqiu regained his composure, pulled back his attention, and smiled lightly, ready to listen to what Sheng Mingan had to say.

'The boss asked me? To have a relationship. I? Said I had a boyfriend, and then everyone knew about it. 'Sheng Ming'an's voice showed a little annoyance, but it was quickly dispelled, and he was still calm and calm enough to meet the qualities that a rigorous physicist should have.

'Senior sister asked me if I had sex, I? Said not yet.She said that two weeks before Christmas, we will be on vacation until January. I have plenty of time to spend time with you, but I think, our boss will not be generous enough to give us a month or two of vacation. '

Chen Jingqiu's expression was stiff, what was Sheng Mingan talking about?

'Although there is no holiday for one or two months, there are at least two or three days. '

Chen Jingqiu trembled slightly while holding the keyboard of the starter.

'The senior sister said that I had no experience and recommended a website. 'Sheng Ming'an pondered for a few seconds, then narrated: "Brother, I? Watched a short movie."

Chen Jingqiu's pupils constricted. So this is what Sheng Mingan learned?

He couldn't help imagining Sheng Mingan's appearance when he recorded this passage in his mind. He was lying on the bed, covering his head with a quilt, half-closed his eyelids, slack and boneless, because he walked away from the academic stage. Down will become a heinous lazy.

He raised his hands and feet, obviously he didn't mean to be coquettish, but he seemed to be coquettish non-stop, and his expressionless complaints seemed to be begging for a hug.

'I don't think it's interesting, but I'm a little curious. He paused for six seconds, and Chen Jingqiu stared at the recording timetable, counting the minutes and seconds, waiting for Sheng Mingan to say something.

Finally, Sheng Ming'an seemed to find a solution from the contradiction he didn't understand, and said, "Brother, you and me? Let's try it." '

Chen Jingqiu suddenly raised his head and covered his mouth and nose, feeling a stream of heat flowing down his nasal cavity, he took out a tissue to wipe it off, and sure enough, the white paper was stained red.

He was very annoyed, gritted his teeth, lowered his head, wiped off the nosebleed, and stared at the glowing screen of the home phone with hatred, hated that he was so far away from Sheng Mingan at the moment, hated that even if he bought a plane ticket, he couldn't be released to go abroad, hated him Pretending to be smart, he wanted to stay in the Nuclear Industry Research Institute, otherwise there would be no chance of Sheng Mingan's life-and-death teasing!

Chen Jingqiu wiped off the nosebleed vigorously, threw it into the wastebasket with a blank face, saved the recording of Sheng Ming'an's end, and set a password and several locks. It was very precious and stored in a particularly safe place. I thought it was a confidential document.

At this time, someone knocked on the door, "Shocked?"

is the dean.

Chen Jingqiu grabbed the coat from the back of the chair and draped it over her thighs, covering the abnormal place, and then shouted: "Come in."

The dean opened the door and came in. He saw his most proud student wearing a high-necked black sweater and a coat over his legs, sitting in a chair without any intention of getting up, and he didn't care. After a few words of advice, let's talk about the scientific research plan in the institute and the emphasis on Chen Jingqiu, and then he disappeared.

Chen Jingqiu responded calmly, saying a few words from time to time, always able to get to the point.

Seeing this, the dean admired his keenness, and felt that he had finished what he needed to ask, so he got up, and suddenly saw the blood-stained tissue in the wastebasket and couldn't help asking: "Are you injured?"

Chen Jingqiu was silent for a while, and said: "The weather is dry, get angry."

The dean was dumbfounded, "It's winter, you also get angry?"

Chen Jingqiu uttered a few words: "The water and soil are not acclimatized, and the diet is not proper."

The dean suddenly realized that Chen Jingqiu was from the north. Their place is located in the central and southwestern region, and their diet is heavy in oil and spicy. It is really easy to eat bad stomachs. It is their improper consideration and should be changed.

The dean decided to go back tonight to mention this matter, "If there's nothing else, I'll leave first. You go to bed early, so you don't have to see me off."

Chen Jingqiu, who made a gesture to get up, went back to his seat, watched the dean leave, and sat alone in the room without the lights on for a long time. He couldn't resist the temptation, and turned on the recording on the phone again, playing Sheng Ming's voice over and over again. It's like an invitation.

He was tortured on his side, and Sheng Ming'an's head? Anli had to wander in the ocean of physics inspired by inspiration, retreat for many days, and sleep when he was sleepy. In his dreams, there were pairs of superconducting electrons swimming around.

Time jumped, and four days passed.

Sheng Ming'an finally walked out of the dormitory, but he dialed the phone number of the research institute to inform the team to receive his email and prepare to guide the experiment in real time.After the communication, he went to buy enough food for two weeks, and went to Professor Weiss in person to approve him to change the final exam time and subject submission time.

MIT attaches great importance to the choice of students. If there is a collision in the exam, you can apply for a change.If you are in a bad mood, you can apply for an extension of the exam time or a delay in the subject submission time.

Professor Weiss: "Reason?"

Sheng Mingan didn't change his face: "I? I haven't seen my boyfriend in four months."

Professor Weiss stared at him, the lens slipped down without any barrier, resulting in extremely sharp eyes, he stared at Sheng Mingan, who remained calm and did not take a step back.

After looking at each other for a while, Professor Weiss bowed his head: "Delayed by one week."

Sheng Ming'an suddenly smiled: "Thank you, boss."

Gaining enough time, Sheng Ming'an Connection Research Institute devoted himself to experiments, working hard for his new theory of superconductivity that is about to be born.