Tragedy of Time Traveling Companion Reading

"Han Yan, the teacher is asking your opinion on "Xunzi* Encouraging Learning." Zhou Mingjin said hastily before Wei Wan could speak.

When Han Yan heard the words, she immediately got up and said solemnly. "Returning to Taifu, Han Yan thinks that Xunzi's "Encouraging Learning" is thorough in reasoning, rigorous in structure, powerful in momentum, simple in language, concise in syntax, subtle in meaning, and deafening."

Hearing Han Yan's series of praises, Wei Wan's gloomy face eased a lot, and she continued to ask: "Then you think Xunzi's truth, right?"

Han Yan pondered for a moment, and then slowly said: "Xunzi is a representative of Confucianism in the pre-Qin period. He believes that everything in the world is changing, and we have to keep learning to adapt to this changing world. At the same time, Xunzi also Advocating that man can conquer nature, emphasizing the role of enlightenment, emphasizing etiquette and law, and believing that governing the country requires both the "law" system and the "ritual" system. Convince people with virtue and educate all people with morality, so that the country can truly achieve great unity. And this "Encouraging Learning" is Xunzi's representative work, and it also vividly shows Xunzi's thoughts."

Han Yan's words were so profound and thorough that even Wei Wan, who was still three points dissatisfied, couldn't help nodding, and Liu Che's eyes were even more brilliant.He knew that Han Yan was not very interested in Confucianism since he was a child, but he never thought that he could study Confucianism so thoroughly.

On the other side, Wei Wan couldn't help but asked Han Yan in a probing tone: "Then Ah Yan thinks that Xunzi's idea that governing the country needs to be governed by 'law and etiquette' is feasible?"

"Of course it will work." Han Yan followed Wei Wan's words.The early Confucianism was still good, but after Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Confucianism could be admired on the altar, and the attitude of Confucianism’s tolerance and tolerance was gradually lost, thus becoming autocratic and pedantic. .Therefore, although Han Yan didn't have a good opinion of Confucianism, what he hated was that some Confucian scholars insisted on taking a good knowledge as a stepping stone to success, as a tool for them to strive for fame and fortune, not Confucianism itself.

Han Yan paused for a moment, collected her thoughts, and then said: "During the Spring and Autumn Period, princes fought, countries stood up, and rituals and music collapsed. This led to the emergence of various schools of thought like mushrooms after rain. These schools of thought Just like the flowers in the royal garden are competing for beauty, each proposition has its own advantages and uses. Confucianism or Taoism is one of them."

Wei Wan nodded in agreement when she heard this.Taoism was just one of the hundreds of schools of thought at the beginning, but Gaozu inherited the Qin system at the beginning of the founding of the country and chose Taoism's ideas as the foundation of governing the country.This is what makes Taoism have the present reverence.But in Wei Wan's view, the Taoist theory is too dull and negative, and it is no longer suitable for the future path of the big man.

"In Han Yan's view, governing a country is like cooking a delicacy. The main ingredients are my great man's country, and the theories of various schools of thought are just condiments." Hearing what Han Yan said, the prince Everyone in the school could not help but smile knowingly.Han Yan is good at cooking and his relationship with Hanzhuang Restaurant is known to everyone in the big man.Now I see him linking the theory of governing the country with cooking, although he seems to be picking on people's wisdom.But everyone still listened with gusto, expecting to hear something else from Han Yan's mouth.

"Actually, if you want to make a delicious dish, you must only use a single seasoning. This will make the dish dry. Although you can eat it, it will fill you up, but there is nothing delicious to say." Han Yan She made a metaphor, and then said: "The same is true for governing a country. First of all, there must be laws to govern a country. Han Yan secretly thought that the laws of a country are the foundation of this country. We want to understand the system and laws of a country. In other respects, the easiest way is to study what the laws of this country are. For example, the Xia Dynasty valued loyalty, the Shang Dynasty valued simplicity, and the Zhou Dynasty valued culture, and these things can be found in the laws and rituals they implemented reflect."

When everyone heard this, they couldn't help but nodded.

"The Han Dynasty inherited the Qin system. Although it is said that it is governing the world from the perspective of Taoism, it advocates governance by hanging down, and governance without action." Speaking of this, Han Yan observed Wei Wan and found that he shook his head slightly, and couldn't help but smile: "However, the country is also governed by the Taoist point of view. Why is it that the Qin Dynasty was violent and died in the second generation, but our Han family has inherited it for 70 years, but now it is getting more and more prosperous?"

Hearing this, Liu Che couldn't help raising his eyebrows.

"Without him, the people who enforce the law are different." Han Yan said here, and gave another example: "For example, with the same knife, some people will use it to defend their home and country, and fight against the Huns at the border. However, some people will use it to break into houses, rob, dig people's graves, or even kill people to sell stolen goods. Of course, some people will use it to kill pigs and cattle, and go hunting in the mountains to make a living. Those who hold the knife have different ideas. The effect is naturally different.”

Liu Che frowned thoughtfully, and bowed his head in silence.

"Let's go back and talk about cooking. Governing the country is like cooking. The ingredients are beautiful rivers and mountains, and the condiments are all schools of thought. Therefore, legalists are needed to formulate laws. Cultivate the people and persuade them to teach Nongsang needs talents from farmers. To communicate with foreign countries and engage in various diplomatic activities, we need talents from strategists. Qin Tianjian, who chooses auspicious days for important events, needs students from Yin and Yang families. The imperial court promotes various tools and even During the construction period, these tools and designs were made by Mohist people. To educate the common people so that they can clearly understand what righteousness is, so that they need Confucianism to be loyal to the emperor and love the people, and military strategists are needed to kill the enemy and defend the country on the battlefield... ...As for Taoism, let alone. Only the theories of various schools work together to create a prosperous and prosperous world. Among them, none of them will work. Of course, it doesn’t mean that only one will do,” Han Yan said With a dry mouth, he couldn't help but reached out to pick up the container on the desk and drank the sour plum soup in the bowl - it was well known that he didn't like the taste of tea soup.

"Han Yan means that every theory has its own characteristics. Confucianism is not necessarily superior to other theories, and it is absolutely impossible to replace other theories!" Liu Che said slowly, frowning.

"Of course!" Han Yan nodded gratifiedly, and after talking for a long time, she finally said nothing in vain.

"Not only that, Confucianism advocates loyalty, advocates the unification of the world, and thinks..." Han Yan said here, and suddenly woke up, watching the thoughtful Wei Wan, and yelled: "It's time for the class to end, my teacher You can't procrastinate. As the so-called combination of work and rest, you can't kill His Royal Highness's interest in learning!"

Wei Wan was caught off guard by Han Yan's sudden move, and wanted to let Han Yan finish what he had to say, but he knew that although Han Yan was gentle and harmless on the surface, he was actually the most cunning.If he doesn't want to do something, he can bypass it for you in a different way.No one can force it.At the moment, I just shook my head with satisfaction, and said to everyone: "That's the end of today's class. After going back, everyone will write an article on how to study, and give it to me in the next class."

After Wei Wan went out with the bamboo slips in her arms, Liu Che couldn't wait to ask, "Ayan, what did you want to say just now?"

"I want to say that it's lunch time, and it's time for us to eat." Han Yan rolled her eyes, pulling Liu Che and Zhou Mingjin to be too uterine.After a simple lunch, Han Yan and others continued to debate in Liu Che's study.

"Confucianism advocates loyalty, advocating the unification of the world, and even publishes the theory of the relationship between heaven and man. From a short-term perspective, it can indeed increase the loyalty of the people to the court and the officials to the emperor, and increase the importance of imperial power. But if you follow His Highness's idea I wish that all the people in the imperial court were Confucian scholars, and it would not work to use the Confucian way of doing everything. I will not say anything else. Confucianism talks about convincing people with virtue, but His Highness's wish is to let my big man's military flag Every inch of the land of the Xiongnu—does His Highness want those Confucian scholars to take "The Analects of Confucius" to the battlefield to recite scriptures for the Huns?"

"Puchi!" Zhou Mingjin, who was amused by Han Yan's description, couldn't help laughing and said, "The heads of those Confucian scholars were cut off by the Huns like they were chopping vegetables."

Different from Zhou Mingjin's focus, Liu Che asked curiously: "What is the theory of induction between heaven and man?"

"There was a Confucian scholar who read "Spring and Autumn" and found that if there was a disorder in the country, the heaven would first warn with the sound of disasters. Therefore, he believed that the heaven still favors the monarch. As long as the monarch can be regarded as the sage master, Then God will not abandon him, but will only assist him and protect him. He believes that the emperor is the son of God, and he is honored as the Son of Heaven." Han Yan summed up Dong Zhongshu's proposition in a few simple sentences.

"That's really good!" Liu Che's eyes lit up, and he couldn't help but praise: "Everyone is the son of heaven. Naturally, he is blessed by heaven."

"What's so good, it's pure nonsense." Han Yan couldn't help but rolled her eyes. "Solar eclipse and earth dragon, those are natural disasters, what does it have to do with whether the monarch is wise or not?"

Speaking of this, Han Yan paused, lowered her voice, and said slowly: "Since Your Majesty ascended the throne, how many solar eclipses have occurred in our dynasty? How many earthquakes? Can you say that Your Majesty is not the Lord of Sages?"

Liu Che was taken aback, "Father is wise and martial, diligent in governing and loving the people, naturally he is a rare ruler who is rare in a hundred years."

"That's it. So the theory of the relationship between heaven and man is just made up by those Confucian scholars to fool people. The big man, the country is thousands of miles away, who can guarantee that the weather will be smooth every year, and there will be no disease or disaster? If it is according to what they say Once a disaster occurs, instead of thinking about how to rescue the people and how to guide the people to minimize the harm they suffer, they think about catching the emperor, thinking that it is the emperor's immorality that caused God to warn... In the long run, the imperial power Hasn't reverence been replaced by Confucianism again?" Han Yan looked at Liu Che's livid face, and said the second half of the sentence more and more deeply.

"Confucianism advocates loyalty to the emperor and love for the people, and advocates self-cultivation, family governance, and peace in the world. It is naturally good to think that the imperial power is supreme. But there is no need to do everything according to their words." Han Yan said euphemistically: "Your Highness still remembers Yuan Gusheng. ?"

"Of course I know." Liu Che said.Yuan Gusheng is a doctor of poetry and a leader in Confucianism.He once debated the reforms of the Xia and Zhou dynasties with a Taoist scholar named Huang Sheng in the court.During the debate, Yuan Gusheng quoted scriptures and believed that Shang Tang’s punishment of Xia and Wu Wang’s conquest of Zhou were all in accordance with the will of heaven.However, Huang Sheng refuted it by using the theory of new shoes and broken hats, arguing that no matter how new the shoes are, they must be worn on the feet, and no matter how old the hat is, they must be put on the head.But Yuan Gusheng blocked him with the statement that Emperor Gaozu overthrew the tyranny of the Qin family.But because of this, he offended the Queen Mother Dou who regarded Huang Lao's learning as the standard.So Empress Dowager Dou sent someone to throw Yuan Gusheng into the boar pen.Let him and the wild boar reason and be flexible.

"Your Highness thinks that Yuan Gusheng is right?" Han Yan asked.

"Of course it's right. Times have changed, and things that were considered classics in the past may become dross today. That's why we need to change. If we don't stay the same, we can't make it stand. That's the reason." Liu Che nodded and said.

"But Yuan Gusheng is so eloquent when facing my court officials, why is he so embarrassed when facing wild boars?" Han Yan asked back.

"Yuan Gusheng is just a doctor with no strength to restrain a chicken, how can he fight against a ferocious wild boar?" Liu Che retorted unconvinced. "Grandmother's behavior doesn't make sense at all."

"Let's not comment on what the Queen Mother said, but just look at Yuan Gusheng's attitude, which only proves one thing. That is to say, Confucianism can only be said to those who are willing to listen to you, and it can only solve internal problems. But once other people get annoyed, don’t like to listen to you or even don’t listen to you at all, and they have the ability to threaten you, then in the face of this kind of straightforward resistance, the Confucian method will not work. I can run away in embarrassment, retreat, and wait for someone to rescue me." Han Yan said sharply.

"You are messing around!" Liu Che was unhappy. "Confucianism convinces people with virtue and educates all people. Why doesn't it make sense?"

"Does Your Highness think the wild boar will be reasonable, or the Huns will compete with you?" Han Yan asked amusedly. "Weichen thinks that anyone who faces you with a butcher's knife or fangs only cares about the size of your fist, and no one will bother you if you are long-winded. If you go down with a click, the whole world will be clean."

"..." Liu Che remained silent.

"That's why we say that political power can only come from the tip of the knife, and the last word is the big fist. If you have strength, as long as it is not unreasonable, what you say will be enshrined as the golden rule. For example, in the Seven Kingdoms Rebellion, Chao Cuo advocated the reduction of feudal vassals, really. Is there something wrong? But your Majesty killed Chao Cuo because of the threat of the princes and kings? What is the reason? It is just that he is not strong enough. So His Highness likes Confucianism, and even wants to promote Confucianism in the future. The status is too high. Although what he said about being loyal to the emperor and loving the people sounds like that, it is actually just a beautifully decorated pig-killing knife. How to use it depends on the idea of ​​​​the person holding the knife. As long as this If people are strong enough, there are many examples of empty gloves and white wolves." Han Yan smiled lightly.

"But no matter how you say it, Confucian things are much better than Huang Lao's rule by doing nothing!" Liu Che frowned and retorted. "I just feel that Confucianism says that imperial power is supreme, and that ministers should be loyal to the emperor and patriotic. The emperor wants his ministers to die, and the ministers have to die. They must respect the rules and regulations in everything, and they must not exceed the rules. It is better to abide by the etiquette. It is better than the current court The mess in the middle is stronger. The princes don’t bow down when they see the emperor, and the emperor’s relatives ignore the etiquette and do whatever they want, so what rules are there?”

This already vaguely involves the centralization of power. Han Yan didn't dare to go too deep, and immediately said vaguely: "Then follow their memorial. Your Highness, you are the one who wants to rule the world. Which one do you think If you have a good point of view, you can advocate it. After all, you have to cook this dish yourself, and it’s not up to you to add any condiments. For example, you can’t ignore salt just because it tastes good. Put a jar of salt in it, and you don't add any other sugar or vinegar?"

"Naturally. But if I like salt, I'll add more." Liu Che said with a smile.

"Actually, there is another way besides putting the salt directly in the ingredients." Han Yan said suddenly, her heart moved.

"Oh?" Liu Che raised his eyebrows in interest, "What method."

"For example, if you marinate other food supplements with salt, it will be much easier to make them taste better." Han Yan said with a smile.This is like a political class for later generations. No matter you major in liberal arts or science, no matter what industry you are in, you have to study ideology and politics from elementary school to university.Liu Che can completely popularize the Confucianism as a political lesson of the Han Dynasty!

Liu Che nodded thoughtfully.

The author has something to say: This chapter is so troublesome to write~~

After all, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty advocated Confucianism at that time in order to increase centralization and consolidate imperial rule.Therefore, if this problem cannot be solved, no matter what the result is, Liu Che will still admire Confucianism.What's more, at that time, Confucianism was compatible and magnanimous, and not as pedantic as later generations, so I reluctantly thought of these first——

Go and learn again~~~

When the time comes, let's have a trick of the court~~~~