I do research in ancient times
Chapter 18 Coke or Cement?
Liu Tie has always been a rough man with bad feet and a straight heart. He has been scolded by his master and master for being brainless and single-minded since he was a child.
But it is impossible for such a person to become Mu Donglai's most capable apprentice without some real skills.
Liu Tie's ability is to be obedient, and to have a beast-like intuition that is different from ordinary people.
Ning Fei's previous words were misty to him, because they had little to do with blacksmithing and didn't care too much.
But when the other party said the words "The coal used for ironmaking will become coke after smoldering, and it will be more resistant to burning than ordinary coal", Liu Tie's beast antenna instantly stood up,
Didi Liu stretched towards Ning Fei's direction and quickly locked on the prey!
"Juzi! What kind of charcoal do you say will be burned by coal? Is it true!?"
Ning Fei was staggered by him, but Zhang Erzhu who was at the side helped him quickly, so that he didn't fall into a dog gnawing shit.
He collected himself, and suddenly remembered that there was probably no coke in this era.
Huaguo's coke was widely used in the iron smelting industry in the Song Dynasty. Judging from Mozong's current technology accumulation, it is at most equivalent to the late Southern and Northern Dynasties. I don't know that coke is normal.
What's more, when he said that burning quicklime, everyone in the Mozong thought it was absurd, so most of the coal that was dug up was just burned directly, and he didn't think about reprocessing.
But since he mentioned it, he didn't mean to hide his secrets, so he simply told Liu Tie the beauty of coke.
"Coke is a product obtained by dry distillation of coal under high temperature conditions. The combustion process is slow and long-lasting, and can continuously provide heat. It is very suitable as a fuel for metallurgy and casting."
Can't understand.
But this did not prevent Liu Tie from continuing to ask questions.
"How long will that piece of charcoal burn?"
Ning Fei thought about it, and probably gave a time.
"About five days."
In the book "Little Knowledge of Physics" written by Fang Yizhi at the end of the Ming Dynasty, there is a record about coke: - the smelly one is melted and closed to form a stone, and then chiseled into the furnace reef (that is, coke), which can last for five days Fire, frying ore and boiling stone are very labor-saving.
The so-called "smelly" is coking coal with more volatile matter. If this coal is sealed and melted, it can easily become hard coke, which is excellent for smelting ore.
"Five days!"
This time, even Yang Heizi was surprised.
He is a person who has dealt with mines all year round, and he is very clear about the properties of various stones.
How long does a piece of coal burn?Burn for five days, is this still coal? ! "
Here Yang Heizi is still counting the time, while Liu Tie has already made a big jump and threw himself directly in front of Ning Fei.
"Juzi is serious!"
Coal that can burn continuously for five days is definitely a treasure that fell from the sky for stabilizing the furnace temperature! !How much manpower can this save! !
To be honest, he is more interested in this kind of charcoal than burning stones. As long as he wants to forge iron without worrying about the temperature not being enough to produce waste, Liu Tie can't wait to burn that kind of charcoal immediately. Useful too much!
The more he thought about it, the more excited he was, he grabbed Ning Fei's sleeve and shook it vigorously a few times.
"Juzi, let's stop burning stones! Anyway, you didn't say that burning charcoal is the same as burning stones, so let's burn charcoal!"
"Mortar is used to build houses. It doesn't matter what you use it for. I think charcoal is still useful. It will save us a lot of effort when it's done!"
When he said this, several people from the civil engineering team were not happy.
The first to bear the brunt is Zhang Erzhu.
He is a disciple under Yu Lao's subordinates. Although his talent is not as good as Yu Xin's, he is calm and reliable, and he has the experience of completing civil engineering alone, so he is also a top-notch expert in the civil engineering team.
Although he didn't believe that Juzi could burn any magical mortar, Zhang Erzhu felt very uncomfortable being cut off face to face by Liu Tie from the blacksmith workshop.
They clearly said they wanted to make their stuff before, but why did they have to work for the blacksmith workshop after being messed around by this stupid fool? !
You listen to what Liu Er's fool said, it seems that their civil engineering team is not as important as the blacksmith workshop, and everyone who is sensible has to give way to the blacksmith, and it's the civil engineering team's turn to fool around and get dismissed.
Why? !
Zhang Erzhu is so angry!
At this time, he couldn't remember how everyone questioned Juzi before, and now he was all about fighting for the civil engineering team.
"The burning of charcoal is the most important thing. Jizi said to burn the mortar, so you just follow the instructions. There's so much nonsense!"
Zhang Erzhu stretched out his hand to push Liu Tie aside, and slapped Liu Tie on the shoulder.
"Go, go, don't talk about it, are there any rules in the blacksmith workshop! Don't you know who is up and down?"
Liu Tie was unprepared, and was suddenly pushed by him to stagger, and he staggered a few steps before he stabilized his body, and his heart suddenly became angry.
"Who has no rules? Isn't this our business! Say you don't understand, it has a lot to do with it!"
Hearing what he said, Zhang Erzhu became even more angry.
"Do you have business? What business can you have?"
"Juzi said he wanted to burn mortar, so burning mortar is the real thing! Is it you or Juzi? You are so capable, why did you get brushed off in the second round?"
grass!Don't hit people in the face!
Liu Tie blushed with anger.
He knew that Zhang Erzhu, a stubborn donkey, would laugh at him about Ju Ziling, but how good was Zhang Erzhu, didn't he also come down in the third round, what's the point of the boss making fun of the second child? !
He felt that this kid was going to find fault and fight today, and it was related to the reputation of the blacksmith workshop, so he must not be cowardly!
"Iron smelting is the real business!"
Liu Tie rolled up his sleeves, raised his chin, and looked contemptuous.
"Do you know how much stainless steel sells outside?"
"If the iron workshop can smelt a hundred steels, our sect will no longer have to worry about money. It will earn more than you can burn bricks and build houses for others!"
"What's wrong with burning bricks? If you don't burn bricks, you sleep in the ditch! If you want to fight, just say so, those who burn bricks are not afraid!"
The more the two quarreled, the more angry they became, and they even brought out the old grievances of Chen Zhima and Rotten Millet, and there were teammates from the same group standing behind them to cheer.
The battle between Blacksmith Workshop and Civil Engineering Team for the position of C has been going on for a long time, both of them are at the young age, neither Zhang Erzhu nor Liu Tie will accept each other, and when they quarreled, they wished they could fight to relieve their anger.
For the peace and stability of the project team, Ning Fei had to bite the bullet and squeeze in between the two strong men. He tried his best to separate the two fighting cocks, and was sprayed with saliva all over his face.
Ning Fei: Shit, labor and management are too difficult.
He pressed his forehead, "Stop arguing, listen to me, burn the cement as planned."
How can it be easy to change the approval of the project? The researchers of Chaoqin Muchu can't do scientific research well!
When he said this, Liu Tie was very disappointed.
He thought that Juzi would pay more attention to the blacksmith workshop. After all, if he could make hundred-smelted steel, the financial dilemma of the sect would be solved easily.
Since the Great Virtuous Sage, the blacksmiths of all dynasties have been the place where Mo Zong made money, and the status of the blacksmiths is unshakable.
But it seems that the newly appointed Juzi doesn't think so, and would rather get close to the civil engineering team that digs soil and burns bricks. Could it be because he offended someone? !
He felt stuck in his heart, but Zhang Erzhu was so happy that he almost jumped up.
"Okay! Don't worry, Jizi, my old Zhang has remembered what you just said, shall we start now?"
He wished he could cook raw rice right away, regardless of whether he could make it by burning stones, anyway, the blacksmith's abacus would definitely not work!
"Come on, do you work? What are you pretending to be like a master, the moment will not move you?!"
He said this to the three people in the blacksmith workshop. Liu Tie glanced at Ning Fei and saw that he had no intention of changing his mind at all, so he could only work with a hammer in his hand.
In this awkward atmosphere, the cement project team finally opened.
Although Zhang Erzhu and Liu Tie didn't like each other, they didn't cheat or play tricks in their work. They smashed stones as if competing with each other, and quickly completed the crushing of raw materials.
This is followed by calcination, which breaks down the quicklime.
In fact, quicklime also has many uses, such as being a desiccant or a simple heating agent.But these are not in Ning Fei's plan, so they can be put aside temporarily.
After the quicklime is cooled, it is ground into powder, then mixed with clay and gypsum, and then calcined again. After the clinker is released from the furnace, it is mixed with iron-making slag and milled. After a set of procedures, the sky is completely dark, and everyone's faces and bodies are covered with sweat. .
"Is this cement?"
Zhang Erzhu stared at the pile of ashes on the ground for a long time, but he couldn't see any difference between it and the soil on the back mountain.
Jizi is really a particular person, the clay is so fine that it flies away when blown, it is similar to the gouache that girls like to use.
But gouache is for wiping the face, and the use of this ash is to fill the wall. Is it necessary to use it so finely? !
"Well, the craftsmanship is rough, but it should work."
Ning Fei wiped her face.
He found this body to be very strange. He seldom sweated or got tanned after standing in front of the fire pit for a whole day, but his physical strength was very weak. It's stronger than when he was sick before, and he still feels dizzy after standing for a long time.
It seems that I have to find a way to strengthen nutrition. If nutrition is not improved, exercise is meaningless.
"All right."
He patted the dust off his hands.
"Whoever finds a bucket of water, let's try the effect."
Liu Tie silently went down the mountain and brought up a bucket of water.
Ning Fei found some gravel and mixed it with slag and soil cement. The water was mixed according to the ratio of 1 part cement, 3 parts standard sand and half water, and asked Liu Tie to pour water directly on it.
He originally wanted to stir it by himself, but he couldn't move the shovel after two attempts.In order not to affect the effect of the experiment, he had to hand the shovel to Zhang Erzhu beside him.
"Turn it over, stir it repeatedly, you are in the civil engineering team, you can pile up whatever you want."
Zhang Erzhu looked confused, but he couldn't be more familiar with mixing mortar. Even though his mind was full of question marks, his body's instincts still allowed him to do the work with standard movements.
No, this pile of ashes will run away when the wind blows, can it be used to build walls?
Adding so much water is like dilute rice soup, not enough to paste a window paper!
Hey, it seems to have turned into mud...
Zhang Erzhu was working while thinking, and he swung the shovel very dexterously, and quickly took the shape of a puddle of cement and slag mixture.
The top is thin and the bottom is thick, and the center of gravity is stable and will not shift. This is the trench spur that they have been thinking about recently.
In the past, the spurs were all made of wood, sharpened and long, and the bottom was directly nailed into the soil, which could cut through the belly of the horse in one fell swoop.
But recently, Hu Qi has learned to be smart. He always carries a torch when charging, and fires a wave of fire first where there is a trench tripping spurs. After the spurs are burned, he rides his horse across the trench. This is how Xinzhou City was breached.
When the news spread outside the Yongxi Pass, the disciples of the civil engineering team suddenly became nervous.They invented the ditch and spurs, and the circle outside Xinzhou City was made by Mr. Yu and his disciples himself, and he made a small fortune for the sect back then.
The outer city of Wubao also adopts the same defense mode. Although the poor and remote Mo Zong is not Hu Qi's first choice target, but if the protection is not complete, there will be unreasonable idiots who come to rob, and Mo Zong will suffer a big loss.
Because of this, Yu Lao and the civil engineering team rushed to the house, but there were no non-combustible trees outside Yongxi Pass, and the spurs were the only fortifications that could stop Hu Qi from charging.
As the main force of the civil engineering team, Zhang Erzhu was also very sad about the spurs, so he made a spur in the shape of a spur, but in the eyes of Ning Fei who didn't know the truth, this shape was a bit irritating.
It is thick at the bottom, thin at the top, straight in the middle, straight and long.
Well, why do I always feel that Zhang Erzhu's sculpture...
...not very harmonious, right?
But it is impossible for such a person to become Mu Donglai's most capable apprentice without some real skills.
Liu Tie's ability is to be obedient, and to have a beast-like intuition that is different from ordinary people.
Ning Fei's previous words were misty to him, because they had little to do with blacksmithing and didn't care too much.
But when the other party said the words "The coal used for ironmaking will become coke after smoldering, and it will be more resistant to burning than ordinary coal", Liu Tie's beast antenna instantly stood up,
Didi Liu stretched towards Ning Fei's direction and quickly locked on the prey!
"Juzi! What kind of charcoal do you say will be burned by coal? Is it true!?"
Ning Fei was staggered by him, but Zhang Erzhu who was at the side helped him quickly, so that he didn't fall into a dog gnawing shit.
He collected himself, and suddenly remembered that there was probably no coke in this era.
Huaguo's coke was widely used in the iron smelting industry in the Song Dynasty. Judging from Mozong's current technology accumulation, it is at most equivalent to the late Southern and Northern Dynasties. I don't know that coke is normal.
What's more, when he said that burning quicklime, everyone in the Mozong thought it was absurd, so most of the coal that was dug up was just burned directly, and he didn't think about reprocessing.
But since he mentioned it, he didn't mean to hide his secrets, so he simply told Liu Tie the beauty of coke.
"Coke is a product obtained by dry distillation of coal under high temperature conditions. The combustion process is slow and long-lasting, and can continuously provide heat. It is very suitable as a fuel for metallurgy and casting."
Can't understand.
But this did not prevent Liu Tie from continuing to ask questions.
"How long will that piece of charcoal burn?"
Ning Fei thought about it, and probably gave a time.
"About five days."
In the book "Little Knowledge of Physics" written by Fang Yizhi at the end of the Ming Dynasty, there is a record about coke: - the smelly one is melted and closed to form a stone, and then chiseled into the furnace reef (that is, coke), which can last for five days Fire, frying ore and boiling stone are very labor-saving.
The so-called "smelly" is coking coal with more volatile matter. If this coal is sealed and melted, it can easily become hard coke, which is excellent for smelting ore.
"Five days!"
This time, even Yang Heizi was surprised.
He is a person who has dealt with mines all year round, and he is very clear about the properties of various stones.
How long does a piece of coal burn?Burn for five days, is this still coal? ! "
Here Yang Heizi is still counting the time, while Liu Tie has already made a big jump and threw himself directly in front of Ning Fei.
"Juzi is serious!"
Coal that can burn continuously for five days is definitely a treasure that fell from the sky for stabilizing the furnace temperature! !How much manpower can this save! !
To be honest, he is more interested in this kind of charcoal than burning stones. As long as he wants to forge iron without worrying about the temperature not being enough to produce waste, Liu Tie can't wait to burn that kind of charcoal immediately. Useful too much!
The more he thought about it, the more excited he was, he grabbed Ning Fei's sleeve and shook it vigorously a few times.
"Juzi, let's stop burning stones! Anyway, you didn't say that burning charcoal is the same as burning stones, so let's burn charcoal!"
"Mortar is used to build houses. It doesn't matter what you use it for. I think charcoal is still useful. It will save us a lot of effort when it's done!"
When he said this, several people from the civil engineering team were not happy.
The first to bear the brunt is Zhang Erzhu.
He is a disciple under Yu Lao's subordinates. Although his talent is not as good as Yu Xin's, he is calm and reliable, and he has the experience of completing civil engineering alone, so he is also a top-notch expert in the civil engineering team.
Although he didn't believe that Juzi could burn any magical mortar, Zhang Erzhu felt very uncomfortable being cut off face to face by Liu Tie from the blacksmith workshop.
They clearly said they wanted to make their stuff before, but why did they have to work for the blacksmith workshop after being messed around by this stupid fool? !
You listen to what Liu Er's fool said, it seems that their civil engineering team is not as important as the blacksmith workshop, and everyone who is sensible has to give way to the blacksmith, and it's the civil engineering team's turn to fool around and get dismissed.
Why? !
Zhang Erzhu is so angry!
At this time, he couldn't remember how everyone questioned Juzi before, and now he was all about fighting for the civil engineering team.
"The burning of charcoal is the most important thing. Jizi said to burn the mortar, so you just follow the instructions. There's so much nonsense!"
Zhang Erzhu stretched out his hand to push Liu Tie aside, and slapped Liu Tie on the shoulder.
"Go, go, don't talk about it, are there any rules in the blacksmith workshop! Don't you know who is up and down?"
Liu Tie was unprepared, and was suddenly pushed by him to stagger, and he staggered a few steps before he stabilized his body, and his heart suddenly became angry.
"Who has no rules? Isn't this our business! Say you don't understand, it has a lot to do with it!"
Hearing what he said, Zhang Erzhu became even more angry.
"Do you have business? What business can you have?"
"Juzi said he wanted to burn mortar, so burning mortar is the real thing! Is it you or Juzi? You are so capable, why did you get brushed off in the second round?"
grass!Don't hit people in the face!
Liu Tie blushed with anger.
He knew that Zhang Erzhu, a stubborn donkey, would laugh at him about Ju Ziling, but how good was Zhang Erzhu, didn't he also come down in the third round, what's the point of the boss making fun of the second child? !
He felt that this kid was going to find fault and fight today, and it was related to the reputation of the blacksmith workshop, so he must not be cowardly!
"Iron smelting is the real business!"
Liu Tie rolled up his sleeves, raised his chin, and looked contemptuous.
"Do you know how much stainless steel sells outside?"
"If the iron workshop can smelt a hundred steels, our sect will no longer have to worry about money. It will earn more than you can burn bricks and build houses for others!"
"What's wrong with burning bricks? If you don't burn bricks, you sleep in the ditch! If you want to fight, just say so, those who burn bricks are not afraid!"
The more the two quarreled, the more angry they became, and they even brought out the old grievances of Chen Zhima and Rotten Millet, and there were teammates from the same group standing behind them to cheer.
The battle between Blacksmith Workshop and Civil Engineering Team for the position of C has been going on for a long time, both of them are at the young age, neither Zhang Erzhu nor Liu Tie will accept each other, and when they quarreled, they wished they could fight to relieve their anger.
For the peace and stability of the project team, Ning Fei had to bite the bullet and squeeze in between the two strong men. He tried his best to separate the two fighting cocks, and was sprayed with saliva all over his face.
Ning Fei: Shit, labor and management are too difficult.
He pressed his forehead, "Stop arguing, listen to me, burn the cement as planned."
How can it be easy to change the approval of the project? The researchers of Chaoqin Muchu can't do scientific research well!
When he said this, Liu Tie was very disappointed.
He thought that Juzi would pay more attention to the blacksmith workshop. After all, if he could make hundred-smelted steel, the financial dilemma of the sect would be solved easily.
Since the Great Virtuous Sage, the blacksmiths of all dynasties have been the place where Mo Zong made money, and the status of the blacksmiths is unshakable.
But it seems that the newly appointed Juzi doesn't think so, and would rather get close to the civil engineering team that digs soil and burns bricks. Could it be because he offended someone? !
He felt stuck in his heart, but Zhang Erzhu was so happy that he almost jumped up.
"Okay! Don't worry, Jizi, my old Zhang has remembered what you just said, shall we start now?"
He wished he could cook raw rice right away, regardless of whether he could make it by burning stones, anyway, the blacksmith's abacus would definitely not work!
"Come on, do you work? What are you pretending to be like a master, the moment will not move you?!"
He said this to the three people in the blacksmith workshop. Liu Tie glanced at Ning Fei and saw that he had no intention of changing his mind at all, so he could only work with a hammer in his hand.
In this awkward atmosphere, the cement project team finally opened.
Although Zhang Erzhu and Liu Tie didn't like each other, they didn't cheat or play tricks in their work. They smashed stones as if competing with each other, and quickly completed the crushing of raw materials.
This is followed by calcination, which breaks down the quicklime.
In fact, quicklime also has many uses, such as being a desiccant or a simple heating agent.But these are not in Ning Fei's plan, so they can be put aside temporarily.
After the quicklime is cooled, it is ground into powder, then mixed with clay and gypsum, and then calcined again. After the clinker is released from the furnace, it is mixed with iron-making slag and milled. After a set of procedures, the sky is completely dark, and everyone's faces and bodies are covered with sweat. .
"Is this cement?"
Zhang Erzhu stared at the pile of ashes on the ground for a long time, but he couldn't see any difference between it and the soil on the back mountain.
Jizi is really a particular person, the clay is so fine that it flies away when blown, it is similar to the gouache that girls like to use.
But gouache is for wiping the face, and the use of this ash is to fill the wall. Is it necessary to use it so finely? !
"Well, the craftsmanship is rough, but it should work."
Ning Fei wiped her face.
He found this body to be very strange. He seldom sweated or got tanned after standing in front of the fire pit for a whole day, but his physical strength was very weak. It's stronger than when he was sick before, and he still feels dizzy after standing for a long time.
It seems that I have to find a way to strengthen nutrition. If nutrition is not improved, exercise is meaningless.
"All right."
He patted the dust off his hands.
"Whoever finds a bucket of water, let's try the effect."
Liu Tie silently went down the mountain and brought up a bucket of water.
Ning Fei found some gravel and mixed it with slag and soil cement. The water was mixed according to the ratio of 1 part cement, 3 parts standard sand and half water, and asked Liu Tie to pour water directly on it.
He originally wanted to stir it by himself, but he couldn't move the shovel after two attempts.In order not to affect the effect of the experiment, he had to hand the shovel to Zhang Erzhu beside him.
"Turn it over, stir it repeatedly, you are in the civil engineering team, you can pile up whatever you want."
Zhang Erzhu looked confused, but he couldn't be more familiar with mixing mortar. Even though his mind was full of question marks, his body's instincts still allowed him to do the work with standard movements.
No, this pile of ashes will run away when the wind blows, can it be used to build walls?
Adding so much water is like dilute rice soup, not enough to paste a window paper!
Hey, it seems to have turned into mud...
Zhang Erzhu was working while thinking, and he swung the shovel very dexterously, and quickly took the shape of a puddle of cement and slag mixture.
The top is thin and the bottom is thick, and the center of gravity is stable and will not shift. This is the trench spur that they have been thinking about recently.
In the past, the spurs were all made of wood, sharpened and long, and the bottom was directly nailed into the soil, which could cut through the belly of the horse in one fell swoop.
But recently, Hu Qi has learned to be smart. He always carries a torch when charging, and fires a wave of fire first where there is a trench tripping spurs. After the spurs are burned, he rides his horse across the trench. This is how Xinzhou City was breached.
When the news spread outside the Yongxi Pass, the disciples of the civil engineering team suddenly became nervous.They invented the ditch and spurs, and the circle outside Xinzhou City was made by Mr. Yu and his disciples himself, and he made a small fortune for the sect back then.
The outer city of Wubao also adopts the same defense mode. Although the poor and remote Mo Zong is not Hu Qi's first choice target, but if the protection is not complete, there will be unreasonable idiots who come to rob, and Mo Zong will suffer a big loss.
Because of this, Yu Lao and the civil engineering team rushed to the house, but there were no non-combustible trees outside Yongxi Pass, and the spurs were the only fortifications that could stop Hu Qi from charging.
As the main force of the civil engineering team, Zhang Erzhu was also very sad about the spurs, so he made a spur in the shape of a spur, but in the eyes of Ning Fei who didn't know the truth, this shape was a bit irritating.
It is thick at the bottom, thin at the top, straight in the middle, straight and long.
Well, why do I always feel that Zhang Erzhu's sculpture...
...not very harmonious, right?
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