[Comprehensive] Mr. Erdao, a human trafficker

In this magical and true story of the unification of Italy.There are several protagonists: an ambitious king.An outstanding diplomat and a wise and courageous, somewhat headstrong guerrilla leader.

Their names are: Vittorio Emanuele II, Cavour and Garibaldi.

This period of history belongs to them, and it also belongs to thousands of people at the same time.

Study it carefully, and maybe you will find out.Beyond them, there are other equally fascinating and memorable characters.

——The opening chapter of "Renaissance and Unity of Modern Italy"

Let's talk about them and what happened next.

They walked out of that crucial historical node for Italy - 1848.

In the very beginning, Italy was not yet called a country.

The Kingdom of Two Sicilies in the south, Lombardy and Venice occupied by Austria in the north, and the Papal State in the middle.

This is the original boot map in the nineteenth century.

Vittorio Emanuele II, the ruler for three-quarters of a century, under the mighty government of Austria, managed to negotiate the preservation of the Constitution of the Revolutionary Insurrection of 1848. . Law, and therefore basically maintained its independence.

This constitution. Law is the original constitution of the future Italian state.

The independence of the Kingdom of Piedmont created the conditions for Camilo di Cavour to stand out.

He's a fine right-wing politician, a diplomatic genius.

On the one hand, he longed for Italian independence, but he did not forget his main goal - to expand the country's influence.

He signed an unfavorable trade agreement with France as a sincerity against Piedmont's stumbling block-Austria.

In 1855, he sent troops to fight against Britain and France, together against Russia.

Although the Piedmontese army's performance in the battle was not outstanding, it won him a place in the conference of the victorious powers.

In 1856, Paris signed the peace treaty.During this period, he not only communicated with France in private, but even led Britain to speak out the so-called "Italy problem".

In this way, Italy is once again high on the international political agenda.

In 1858, he entered into an alliance with France.

Then the two countries partnered to point the spearhead of the strategy at Austria in the north.

Among them, the interests are divided into - France enters Vienna, the heart of Austria, and Vittorio Emanuele will become the king of the new Piedmont country covering most of northern Italy, and actually controls the entire Italian peninsula.

Wars don't always go as smoothly as assumed.

Because of heavy casualties, Napoleon III, the ruler of France, made peace with Austria.

Lombardy will be owned by Piedmont, which will be transferred through France; Tuscany, Parma, and Modena will be returned to the original monarchs; Italy will form a federation under the leadership of the Pope.But the Austrians continued to occupy Venice and maintained considerable strength throughout Italy-this is the result of the "Second War of Independence".

The "first" was the failed revolution of 1848.

The "second time" is certainly not a success when it reaches this point.

In 1860, Camillo di Cavour made a comeback.

Politicians who became more radical took advantage of the new situation that many neighboring kingdoms wanted to merge with Piedmont, and cunningly arranged referendums in Nice, Savoy and the central countries. In the end, Nice and Savoy formally voted to join France, and Tuscany and Emilia voted to join the expanded kingdom of Piedmont.

The peninsula was divided into three and ruled by a single great power covering central and northern Italy.

— There is a place for heroism, intrigue, charisma, and diplomatic brilliance, as well as, of course, luck and some elements of sheer chance.

These are the legends of the above two figures.

For this last character, his story, the word "magical" is often misused in the mouths of later generations, but it is used to describe Garibaldi appropriately.

Misfortune, adventure, and heroism... This is the life of this adventurer.

Many children in the future will worship him as the number one idol in life.

He started out as a sailor, participated in uprisings, worked as a pirate, crossed the ocean, served as a general, was captured, and had an ordinary life as a salesman... His footprints traveled all over Europe, South America, Australia and Asia.

Giuseppe Garibaldi in 1860 had just resigned from the army he had joined in 1859 and had already lived through all of the above.

"The crimson jacket, paired with a small brightly colored scarf, looks very chic." This is the "Red Shirt Army" of his newly organized thousand-member volunteer army.

Our story begins here, but before everything begins, let's know the ending of the end.

A story about the guards who defend the people, and a story about the mafia.

As his hometown of Nice was ceded to France, Garibaldi was deeply stimulated, so he marched into Sicily to support the uprising movement on the island, breaking the stalemate since Fao negotiated the "Villafranca Peace Treaty".

In less than a year, Sicily became Garibaldi's possession.

Then he continued to advance to Rome in the center. Although the plan to attack Rome was delayed due to the elite resistance of Naples, the two armies in the north and south joined forces.

Except for the Papal States, the entire boot has become a whole.

During this period, Cavour hedged his bets on political flexibility, negotiating with both Napoleon and Francis II, King of the Two Sicilies.

Finally, Garibaldi surrendered southern Italy to Vittorio Emanuele and proclaimed him King of Italy, officially uniting Italy.

Cavour quickly organized a referendum to formally confirm the merger, and then elected the first Italian National Assembly to legalize the nascent state.

Despite undisguised international discontent with the nascent nation, because of Britain's implicit support for Garibaldi's ambiguous stance, and Cavour's deliberate scaremongering - otherwise a republic could have been established... Most importantly, Garibaldi Bodie's charisma—he almost single-handedly swept away the enormous constraints imposed by political possibilities and diplomacy.

The nation was established.

And then...the story we're going to tell.

Welcome to--

Italy in the 19th century.

Those bloody, cunning, heroic and lovely people...

The author has something to say: the cunning politicians are always the same, and those who do not believe will be like Napoleon III, who was hanged by Marx and Engels on the "Complete Works of Mann and Engels" [-] times, and is still talked about by people road(:

Cough cough, specifically referring to the chapter "The Treaty of Villafranca" in "The Complete Works of Marne".

Speaking of which, there is still a pitfall in France at the end of the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. I have found countless materials. According to the current situation, it is impossible to spare time before Erdao is finished.

Well, I can write Erdao for two years. (eat melon)

(cross out) let him spend his old age in peace (cross out).

ps: The Kingdom of Piedmont is the Kingdom of Sardinia, which is the front and rear parts of the full name.