Rise of the Argentine Empire
#269 - Argentina National Stock Exchange
The generals under President Aramburu had no intention of controlling the Argentine government indefinitely; they planned to hand over power to acceptable "civilian politicians."
It would be best if this politician had close ties with the military.
But there was a bottom line: this person absolutely could not be a Peronist, that is, a member of the Justicialist Party, and their target was the Radical Civic Union, the Justicialist Party's biggest opponent.
The Radical Civic Union and the Argentine military were important partners in overthrowing Perón.
To prevent a counterattack by the Peronists, the military government introduced many measures, severely restricting Justicialist Party members.
In the eyes of many, joining the Justicialist Party now was essentially ending one's Argentine political career.
But quitting the Justicialist Party at this time and joining the Radical Civic Union would basically mean not being given important responsibilities.
Such a situation was very disheartening.
The Justicialist Party led a large number of labor unions in strikes to oppose the current military government, which was quite ironic.
......
San Jose's view was that a larger population and enough factories were the foundation for a city's prosperity and development, while talent was the key to Blanca's catching up and surpassing others. San Jose had been constantly conveying and implementing this idea.
At the end of last year, Blanca conducted a large-scale census, and the population increased by more than 500,000 in one fell swoop from less than 700,000, with a large number of unregistered people also "choosing" to join Blanca's household registration, greatly increasing the city's population.
Many domestic unregistered people and stateless persons were joining Argentine nationality for the first time. These people were even more remote in origin than San Jose. Some were gauchos, some were indigenous people, or other ethnic minorities, who came to Blanca through various channels.
Such a census was actually rarely conducted in Argentina, sometimes only once every few years. They did not have household registration, commonly known as unregistered residents, did not pay taxes, and could not obtain the rights of normal citizens. There were actually quite a few such people. Argentina was a very large country, sparsely populated, with weak control over local areas.
Many backward provinces and regions also lacked the capacity to carry out census work.
But the Blanca City Hall and the Police Department could, the Radical Civic Union could, and the La Pampa Defense Force could cooperate.
The Defense Force, after a great deal of modern and scientific training, was a very important supplement to Blanca's administrative power.
During the Blanca census, traffic arteries were blocked in advance. At the same time, the census could discover crimes, uphold justice, and improve the integrity of the city hall, opposing greed and bureaucratic corruption.
Many factories in Blanca illegally employed undocumented workers in order to save more costs, seriously disrupting the market, and were subjected to some penalties by the city hall and ordered to rectify within a time limit.
Such a census had many benefits. It could effectively manage and govern Blanca and enable reasonable urban planning.
For example, regarding the housing problem, San Jose was now expanding towards a permanent resident population of 2 million. Areas such as Alta District and Posca District, as the original wings of the city, were the focus of construction. Row upon row of tube-shaped buildings were rapidly built to quickly and easily accommodate a sufficient population.
A large amount of data was accumulated in the construction of these tube-shaped buildings. After analysis and market demand surveys by the city hall's think tank team, upgrades and transformations were carried out to meet various diverse housing needs.
San Jose conducted a census of a large number of immigrants who entered Argentina from neighboring countries through illegal immigration channels and issued Argentine nationality to them. These people became Argentines and enjoyed all the legal rights of citizens.
The number of naturalizations in Argentina each year was limited. In addition to applying for more naturalization quotas, Blanca also played small tricks, defining some illegal immigrants as "unregistered people residing in Argentina but not yet censused," and granting them citizenship in batches after the census, saving the country through a roundabout route.
An international ship of the Plarri fleet could transport 2,000 people at a time, and sometimes 3,000 people. One trip could bring almost a small town's worth of people, and organizing this was also a great test of ability.
Neighboring countries such as Chile, Peru, Brazil, and Colombia were already experiencing population explosions. International laborers could also increase foreign exchange, and some old relationships of the Hunter Bureau's International Department came in handy.
Many poor countries in Latin America did not regard population as wealth, but as a burden, so they were happy to cooperate and receive money in return. Why not?
The Argentine Immigration Department had repeatedly warned Blanca that a city's immigrant population of more than 100,000 a year was too frightening.
San Jose also transferred these people to neighboring cities to disembark, and then transported them to Blanca by rail, with the cooperation of the three small coastal cities and some port cities in the Río Negro Province.
In fact, many times San Jose was not really "committing crimes." It was just that he was doing things on a large scale, very formally, and in a straightforward manner, and did not obtain any benefits from it, so many people found it difficult to attack him from this angle.
If there were any "snakeheads" who knew how San Jose did it now, they would probably treat him as an ancestor and erect a monument to worship him.
These international ships were protected at sea by the navy of Puerto Belgrano, and Blanca's trading companies paid for the employment. These trading companies were basically state-owned companies and fronts for San Jose's companies.
Now, under the leadership of the Radical Civic Union, headed by San Jose, Blanca had achieved tremendous progress and development, allowing many outstanding people to choose to join the Radical Civic Union, and allowing San Jose to select more outstanding talents through this platform.
San Jose, referring to the systems of excellent political parties in the world, carried out a large number of transformations, organizational reforms, and process optimizations to the Blanca Radical Civic Union and the La Pampa Radical Civic Union.
Most political parties in Argentina were very backward and could not be said to be modern political parties.
The Radical Civic Union occupied important positions in the city hall and the La Pampa Defense Force. San Jose directed the city hall and the Defense Force army through the Radical Civic Union.
Blanca had been providing more jobs, building more factories, and expanding its competitiveness.
In addition to the quick method of poaching people from other cities, building schools was a process of cultivating internal strength.
A number of companies and factories with higher technical content had appeared in Blanca, and the demand for talent had also greatly increased.
Some rapidly expanding factories and companies also needed more advanced technical and management talents, especially some foreign trade companies. English talent was needed for trade with the United States, Britain, Canada, Australia, and South Africa. German, French, Italian, and Portuguese were also relatively important.
Some immigrant families who ensured the language of their motherland had an advantage. Schools basically used Spanish, which required special study.
In the past year, Blanca had been building schools almost every day, which had become the most stable business for construction companies, more stable than various real estate investments, but it was basically the market for large construction companies, which needed to ensure quality.
Moreover, schools were open to new immigrants, which meant that even if you were not an Argentine citizen, no matter where you came from, you could enroll with equal opportunities, but there were no official tuition subsidies.
This policy was welcomed by nearly 200,000 new immigrants. Even if the teaching staff of these new schools was poor, there was a huge difference between going to school and not going to school.
For many good jobs, a university degree might be a stepping stone.
That's already a lot. In Argentina, the threshold for establishing a national university is too high; it's not that simple. National universities receive funding from the Argentine Treasury and are managed by the Argentine Ministry of Education, making them the highest-level universities in Argentina.
Secondary vocational schools are guaranteed a minimum of 20 acres of campus land.
This plan once faced a lot of opposition. After all, even with low housing prices, land is still precious. Many people worried that some might try to illegally acquire land by building universities, etc., but Saint-Jose convinced them otherwise.
The long-established Blanca City Higher Vocational School will expand its enrollment by 1,200 students this year, from 2,800 last year to 4,000. The National University of the South will also expand its enrollment again, from 2,000 last year to 3,000, becoming the national university with the most annual enrollments in Argentina.
This autumn, Blanca City will have eight new universities officially starting enrollment, with a combined new student body of nearly 10,000.
They are Blanca Steel Higher Vocational School, La Pampa Institute of Technology, La Pampa Business School, Blanca Normal Higher Vocational School, Blanca Chemical Engineering Higher Vocational School, Blanca Petroleum Higher Vocational School, Blanca Shipbuilding Higher Vocational School, and Blanca City Agricultural Higher Vocational School.
The new eight universities are mainly distributed in the Ahre Ridge District, at the junction of the East District and the Alta District, forming two university towns, mainly to save some resources. For example, the libraries are shared at this stage, but the right to purchase and establish libraries for each university is reserved.
The number of secondary vocational schools has also increased from 5 last year to 14, with a total enrollment of 10,000 students.
… …
On January 10th, with the attention of various influential figures, the La Pampa Provincial Council submitted the 'Application for the Establishment of a Stock Exchange in Blanca City' to the Argentine National Congress Senate and simultaneously declared it to the Central Bank of Argentina. After a series of debates among senators and members of the Board of Directors of the Central Bank of Argentina and four meetings, it was finally officially approved.
The Governor of the Central Bank of Argentina approved the establishment of a new stock exchange in Blanca City to explore the possibilities of a modern stock exchange.
The Central Bank of Argentina is responsible for independently formulating and implementing monetary and financial policies, with the basic responsibility of maintaining the stability of the value of the Argentine currency.
In order to achieve its basic responsibilities, the law authorizes the Central Bank of Argentina to manage the quantity of money and credit and to issue monetary, financial, and foreign exchange regulations in accordance with applicable laws.
During the Peron era, it became a lackey of the Presidential Palace, an appendage of the Presidential Palace, and now it is simultaneously led by the Presidential Palace and the Senate. The excessive issuance of pesos has led to currency devaluation. In the past year, thanks to President Eduardo and President Aramburu's measures to stabilize the currency and reduce the issuance of pesos, the value of the peso has been barely stabilized.
The other main functions of the Central Bank of Argentina include: supervising and managing the operation of the financial market, implementing the 'Law on Financial Institutions' and other regulations; acting as the government's financial agent; centrally managing gold, foreign exchange, and other foreign asset reserves; and promoting the development and growth of the Argentine capital market, and implementing foreign exchange policies.
The new stock exchange was ultimately selected to be named the Argentine National Stock Exchange, and it will be directly supervised and managed by the Central Bank of Argentina and the Argentine Securities Commission to ensure the supply of securities in the market and to guide and manage the development of the securities market and protect the interests of investors.
In order to ensure financial centralism, the Central Bank of Argentina has granted the Securities Commission significant powers to control the securities trading process, investigate, accuse, and crack down on illegal activities of listed companies in accordance with the law, and sanction illegal activities of risk rating agencies and traders, in order to prevent illegal activities of the stock exchange. Although the stock exchange will adopt a corporate system, it will also ensure that the stock exchange does not belong to any family or company.
The newly established Argentine National Stock Exchange operates under a corporate system, which is different from the membership system of the Buenos Aires Stock Exchange.
The corporate stock exchange is composed of banks, securities companies, and other shareholders, and its organizational structure and related legal relationships such as rights and obligations are subject to the provisions of the Argentine Company Law.
The Argentine Stock Exchange Blanca City Commercial Bank and Balen Bank initiated the establishment of the stock exchange, with 15 banks and securities companies such as Argentine Industrial Bank, Argentine National Bank, Argentine Standard Bank, La Pampa Commercial Bank, Cordoba Bank, Buenos Aires Bank, Garcia Bank, and San Martin Commercial Bank as shareholders. These financial institutions simultaneously provide trading services to investors.
On the brokerage side, 10 securities companies, including Blanca Securities, Balen Securities, Buenos Aires Securities, and Garcia Securities, provide services for purchasing and selling shares of joint-stock companies.
The reason why the new stock exchange was named the Argentine Stock Exchange is that the senior management of the Securities Commission and the Board of Directors of the Central Bank of Argentina believed that the name of the Blanca Stock Exchange, that is, the White Bay Stock Exchange, was not specific enough and its popularity was not good enough. In terms of popularity, Argentina is a name that can be as famous as Buenos Aires, so it is better to make it bigger.
Argentina's capital market is a market full of opportunities and continuous expansion and growth, but the Buenos Aires Stock Exchange is no longer able to meet the needs.
Argentina now has nearly 300 banks, most of which are concentrated in Buenos Aires and surrounding provinces, and more than half of them are not listed.
When the news of the approval came, Blanca City was in a state of excitement. Saint-Jose directly found the best government affairs hall building in the West District and transferred it to the stock exchange in preparation for its opening, and prepared to build a new stock exchange building.
However, listing also has strict requirements. Only companies with annual profits exceeding US$500,000 (before tax), a minimum issuance and sale of 500,000 shares, granting ordinary shareholders voting rights, and regularly publishing financial statements are eligible to have their shares listed on the Argentine Stock Exchange.
Saint-Jose selected Blue Cloud Garment Textile Company, Philip Industries, Miranda United Beverage Factory, and Sean Glass Factory as the first companies to apply for listing, and reorganized them into Blue Cloud Textile Co., Ltd., Philip Industries Co., Ltd., Miranda Beverage Co., Ltd., and Sean Glass Co., Ltd., to raise funds, expand factories, improve operations, and carry out modern corporate system reforms.
The State-Owned Assets Committee also launched Blanca City First Construction Co., Ltd., Blanca City Port Co., Ltd., and Blanca City Transportation Co., Ltd., to apply for listing.
It has also received applications for listing from 19 other companies, and is preparing for investigation and review.
------Off topic------
Regarding the update issue, it is estimated that there will be no way to update stably in the next few months. First, I am prepared for long-term unemployment. Interviews are too tiring and preparation consumes a lot of brainpower. Basically, I have to sleep after finishing the interview. There is not much time or mood to update. Second, even if I find a job and successfully join the company, the first few months will be very busy. That's the general situation. Then, I wish you all good health, all the best, and all your wishes come true. Thank you all for your support. I will update when I can. Thank you again for your votes and rewards. I can't thank you all one by one.
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