Red Soviet Union

Our Soviet aerospace technology is the best in the world. After watching the entire production line, Andrei said with admiration in the conference room.

The scene just now gave Andre an extremely shocking impression. Although Andre flew airplanes in later generations, and in Shenfei, he originally assembled fighter jets. Andre had seen a fighter jet production line, but he had never seen an engine production line.

Although the Liming Factory affiliated to Shenfei is also producing engines, it is an old-fashioned turbojet. As for the turbofan 10, it has always been researched and developed, and has not been mass-produced.

But now, at the Salute Cannon Factory, Andre saw the engine production line, and the shock he received was unimaginable.

Aeroengines are the crown of the machinery industry. The number of independent engines in the world that can be independently developed can be counted on the palm of your hand. Advanced turbofan engines require various industrial foundations, materials, processing techniques, and so on.

When visiting the welding workshop of titanium alloys, Andre saw welders wearing protective clothing that looked like spacesuits entering the pressurized cabin, passing through the first door of the pressurized cabin and entering the airlock, and turning the pass The air tube is connected to the protective suit, and then the hatch is closed and argon gas is injected into the airlock. After the airlock is filled with argon to achieve pressure balance, the welder opens the second door and enters the pressurized cabin to start working. Inside, the sparks of the electric arc fly and have a unique aesthetic feeling, just like welding in space.

At the same time, I also saw the equipment produced in the island country, used for vacuum electron beam welding, and the movement of the robotic arm, as if it was a science fiction blockbuster.

In another workshop, I saw CNC breakdown engraving abrasive tools, which are used to cast single-crystal blades. Each single-crystal blade is almost as valuable as gold of the same weight. After Andre asked, he knew that these CNC machine tools were new machine tools developed by the Soviet Union after absorbing the manufacturing experience of the island country's CNC machine tools, and Andre was even more satisfied.

The last thing to enter is the test bench. The assembled engine needs to pass the test on the test bench. Only after passing the test can it be transported away. The roar of the engine is extremely shocking on the test bench.

Now, Andre's ears are still buzzing, and at the same time, Andre's face is full of smiles.

Now, I will give you a report on the development of the new al41 engine. An experienced chief engineer said by Lyurika's side.

Although Rurika is still in charge, he is old after all, so the chief engineer of the new al41 engine was handed over to his deputy, Dr. Cha Jin.

Since we have just completed the development of the al31 engine, our new al41 engine is based on the design of the al31 engine and obtained through a series of improvements. Dr. Che Jin said: Our design work is Since the beginning of last year, code-named 'Product 20', we have used new structural materials ceramics, cermets and perfected the design, changed the cycle parameters, used high-load turbines and compressor blades, increased the front temperature of the turbine, and finally reached 20 tons. Thrust plan.

20 tons! In the product 20 project, this engine needs to reach the maximum afterburning thrust of 20 tons of thrust, and the thrust-to-weight ratio reaches 11! From the present point of view, this is simply a fantasy figure, but if you want the next generation of fighters to have a majestic thrust, this is an inevitable choice!

At the same time, in terms of control, we will change the original hydraulic control system and adopt digital fly-by-wire control in order to adapt to the integrated control system of the new generation of fighter jets. Now, we are in the detailed design stage of the engine, but, Now we still have a technical issue that has not been settled.

Hearing Dr. Cha Jin's words, Andre couldn't help asking: What technical problem? Although I don't know any technology, I have quite a lot of experience from later generations!

It is the vector nozzle. Up to now, we have not determined the specific form of the vector nozzle.

Vector Nozzle! The next generation of fighter jets must be highly maneuverable, and the high maneuverability is not only related to engine thrust, but also related to various rudder surfaces.

The various directional controls of the aircraft are all realized by the rudder surfaces. At high angles of attack, many rudder surfaces have lost their aerodynamic moment, and it is easy to stall and crash. The vector nozzle of the engine is to let the engine generate directional In addition to the final thrust, there will be a part of it to other directions, such as up and down, the engine nozzle deflects up and down, the thrust generated will no longer pass through the center of gravity of the aircraft, and a pitch moment around the center of gravity of the aircraft will be generated. At this time, the thrust will be exerted It has the same effect as the aircraft control surface. Since the generation of thrust is only related to the engine, even if the angle of attack of the aircraft exceeds the stall angle of attack, the thrust can still provide torque to trim the aircraft. As long as the wings can generate enough lift, the aircraft can continue to fly in the air . Such a fighter has the ability to maneuver after a stall. If the vector nozzle can also turn left and right, it can not only control the pitch, but also control the left and right heading.

Therefore, thrust vectoring technology is also a must for the next generation of fighters, but it is also a difficult problem to use this technology to solve it.

The simplest solution is to directly put a baffle in the nozzle, but this will cause the most gas loss, which is not cost-effective. In addition to this simplest solution, there should be three alternative solutions. For example, whether the nozzle is Rectangular, or four adjustment plates that can be rotated together. This method has a simple structure and is easier to implement, but when it turns round and square, the airflow will be blocked by some parts of the square nozzle, resulting in partial loss of thrust. However, this form The tail nozzle structure will have a good modification effect on the rear of the fuselage, which matches our new stealth fighter, and can control the pitch and yaw at the same time. The second is the overall deflection of the nozzle. This method requires a sealed Minimal moving parts while being light weight and crafting materials are easy to implement, however, this requires a structure at the rear of the engine slightly larger than the maximum diameter of the engine to accommodate the hydraulic rods that power the overall deflection of the nozzle, that is, our fighters arrive at the rear The part will suddenly become thicker. The third type is the deflection of the tail spray vanes, but this method has the most moving parts, and if the seal fails, it will be a tragedy.”

As Andre spoke, he gestured with his hands, and analyzed the three main methods. He spoke so logically that Dr. Che Jin, Rurika and others kept nodding, saying that General Andre was very knowledgeable. , rich in knowledge, now listening to it, it really is!

Then General Andre, do you think that is the best way? Rurika asked.

In fact, these are the knowledge of later generations. As a pilot, Andre certainly knows the composition of these vector nozzles! Among them, the second type is simply impossible to realize. The first type is the structure of the binary vector nozzle used by the f22 of later generations, and the third type is the structure of the axisymmetric vector nozzle used in Russia. If it comes to performance In other words, the performance of Russia should be better. One nozzle is tilted up and the other nozzle is tilted down. It can also control the roll, which is the most amazing stunt for pilots.

However, this thing also has a weakness, that is, lifespan!

In later generations of China, Ah San, who was coveting in the south, bought Su-30mki to fight against China’s Su-27 fleet. Moreover, in order to satisfy their superiority, Ah San bought the latest Russian technology, such as vector spraying. Tube! In Ah San's eyes, this is a big killer! They also fantasized about using this thing to dogfight with Huaxia pilots, and then tease Huaxia pilots for fun.

When the Su 30mki equipment was given to Ah San, Ah San suddenly discovered that this advanced technology requires a certain price. For example, in terms of life expectancy, the life of the nozzles of the engines of Ah San’s aircraft is only 50 hours !

What does this mean? Even if you only fly for two hours each time and fly 10 times a month, you can only fly for two or three months, and the tail nozzle has to be replaced! Ah San suffered from this loss, and wondered if she would have a longer memory.

Although there is a relationship between the great reduction of Russia's economic strength in later generations, the short life of this vector nozzle is also an unavoidable common problem. There are too many moving parts. If there is a problem with one, it will definitely be a fire!

(The vector nozzle of the American F22 is said to have a lifespan of 250 hours, which is far longer than Ah San's.)

But now, just in the 1980s, the Soviet Union has just developed the al31 engine, which is several years ahead of the historical progress. Of course, the Soviet Union obtained the US-made f15 fighter jet, studied the above f110 engine, and used it for reference. It also has a lot to do with it. However, on the exhaust pipe, this must be studied by yourself.

Among these solutions, I think the first one is the most suitable. It has small infrared radiation and is easy to match with the fuselage of the new generation of fighters. At the same time, the moving parts are small and the life span is the longest.

Andre's profound knowledge made the engine experts present nod for a while. In fact, in their hearts, they were inclined to the third option. However, they had no idea about this option because there were too many moving parts. It is prone to failure, and in terms of service life, it will never be too high, no matter how it is improved, because it is a high-temperature and high-pressure environment, which is a fatal test for any material.

Then we will take the first option as the main option, and the third option as the alternative. Rurika said. (To be continued.)

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