Confucian self-cultivation: Scholars start from Daqin

Gao Jingdao: "Mr. Mengchang of Qi State, the scholars and bureaucrats of the seven countries like to keep followers. In fact, they all learn from Lord Mengchang. Lord Mengchang is said to have three thousand followers. He entered Qin as Minister of Qin, returned to Qi as Minister of Qi, and finally entered Wei as Minister of Wei. Qin, even Qin attacked Qi. It's not that vertical and horizontal are better than vertical and horizontal...

And he is very aware of the truth that "a ruler is long, and an inch is short". Once a generation of cockroaches and thieves went to him, and others laughed at the two of them, but Meng Changjun still accepted them. man, saved his life...

Is such a person one of the four sons? "

Mei Sanniang and Yan Lingji nodded involuntarily.

Dianqing suddenly asked, "What about Lord Xinling?"

"The four sons of the Seven Kingdoms, Lord Xinling should be the leader!"

Gao Jing paid respects to the tombstone with the wine bottle, and said, "As the son of Wei, Lord Xinling Wei Wuji has repeatedly defeated Qin's soldiers. Defeated Qin's army for the first time, and saved Zhao by stealing amulets, which directly led to the defeat of Qin, and then the six countries joined forces and entered Hangu Pass, which was the only time Hangu Pass missed...

I said he is the head of the four sons of the Seven Kingdoms, is he worthy of the name? "

"well said!"

Mei Sanniang couldn't help applauding, and said: "Based on your words, if Mr. Xinling is born again, he will definitely be willing to have a good drink with you!"

Gao Jing drank all the wine in one gulp, laughed and said, "He can't come to me, so I came to him for a drink!"

Mei Sanniang stepped forward, picked up the wine bottle from the tombstone, respected Gao Jing, and said, "My brother doesn't drink at all, Sanniang is willing to drink with Mr. Xinling on behalf of Mr. Xinling!"

Say it and drink it.

A giant hand snatched the wine bottle from her hand.

Dianqing drank the wine in the wine bottle without saying a word, and said to Gao Jing: "With Mr.'s words, Lord Xinling can rest in peace under the nine springs!"

……

Not knowing whether it was Wushuang Ghost's physique, or Gao Jing's evaluation of Lord Xinling, Mei Sanniang directly agreed to teach Wushuang Ghost the armor-piercing technique.

Gao Jing was also asked to stay here for a while, and after the exercise was passed on, Wushuang Ghost would continue to escort Gao Jing on the road.

Gao Jing didn't refuse either, so he and Yan Lingji temporarily built a small wooden house here and stayed there.

It was Mei Sanniang who took the Wushuang ghost into the armored gate, but it was Dianqing who actually taught the martial arts.

When Dianqing taught the exercises, he didn't avoid Gao Jing at all, and taught directly in front of him...

As a result, Gao Jing had already mastered the main points of the "armor-piercing skill" before he even got started with the Wushuang ghost skill.

Jianghu sects, all schools of thought incorporate "qi" into the 720 acupuncture points around the body, but "armor-piercing skills" directly incorporate "qi" into the skin, flesh and bones of the body.

In addition, "armor-piercing skill" is also related to the concept, that is, the "heart", you must have a "hard and hard" heart...

Awe-inspiring heart, nourishing awe-inspiring spirit.

"Hard" heart, cultivate hard skills!

……

Wushuang ghost is cultivating, and Dianqing is farming.

Gao Jing taught Yan Lingji how to read again, and Yan Lingji wronged Bala to draw on the ground with a branch.

"After writing these few words today, I will tell you something else."

Gao Jing persuaded with kind words, raised his head, and shouted: "You can't do this!"

Dianqing was taken aback.

Gao Jing came over and said, "This land is not good for just scratching it casually like you. First, you have to plow shallowly to kill the stubble, then climb it again, and then you have to plow the land and suppress it..."

As he said that, Gao Jing finally rolled up his sleeves and directly picked up the farm tools to demonstrate.

"The fertility of the soil is limited. Before planting food, we must remove all the grass roots and stubble, and we cannot let them take away the fertility of the food..."

"We need to plow deeply and plow the ground, so as not to damage the root system of the grain..."

"Pay attention to irrigation..."

"..."

Seeing Gao Jing wearing Confucian finery, but farming skillfully, Dianqing looked at Gao Jing with a strange look.

"Mr. Gao still farms?"

It wasn't Dianqing who asked the question, but Mei Sanniang, who came over at some point and looked at Gao Jing with a strange expression.

Gao Jing was busy with his hands, and said without raising his head: "I am a Confucian student, so of course I need to learn more... This plowshare is not good, I will draw a picture later, you find someone to make a new set of plows, and other Not to mention, at least ordinary people don't need cattle to cultivate land.

And the plow is deep enough, and the grain output is higher..."

Dianqing said silently: "This is the first time I see a Confucian disciple who plows the land himself."

"You haven't seen many." Gao Jing said casually.

Dianqing was silent.

Mei Sanniang was also silent.

After a long time, Gao Jing put down the farm tools, stretched his waist, and said, "The soil is not fertile enough, it's better to accumulate fertilizer first... Later I will teach you a few ways to accumulate soil fertility and increase food production."

Dianqing looked deeply at Gao Jing with clothed eyes: "Are you really a disciple of Confucianism?"

Gao Jing said differently: "Is this still fake?"

Dianqing: "..."

After Mei Sanniang's expression became complicated for a while, she said, "I thought only farmers would deal with the land all day long."

"The core of Confucianism is "learning", as long as there is a need, learn."

Gao Jing said with a smile: "Furthermore, it is not the peasant family that deals with the land all day long, but the common people! The peasant family is just a concept of the various schools of thought, following the hearts of the people, being loyal to the people, cultivating hunger and prudence, and disaster relief. …these are the ideas of the farm.”

What else would Mei Sanniang say?

Yan Lingji ran over happily: "I finished writing!".

Chapter 51 "Parallel Thumbs"

After Yan Lingji finished learning today's characters, she pestered Gao Jing to talk about something else.

It happened that Mei Sanniang also wanted to hear what Gao Jing, the little Confucian uncle, would say, so she simply listened on the sidelines.

Dianqing silently held the knife, and also sat beside him to sharpen a piece of wood.

"...Just now I mentioned the farm family. The ancestor of the farm family is Shennong, who advocates persuading farming to make enough food and clothing..."

Yan Lingji asked curiously: "The patriarch of the peasant family is really Shennong? Isn't the history of the peasant family longer than that of Confucianism?"

"Eh...you can't say that."

Gao Jing thought for a while, and said: "In order to promote their ideas, all schools of thought like to introduce an ancient celebrity as a representative. For example, the Mohists launched Dayu, so the peasant family launched Shennong."

"What about Confucianism?" Mei Sanniang couldn't help asking.

Gao Jingdao: "Confucius launched the Duke of Zhou. Later, Mencius felt that the reputation of the Duke of Zhou was not high enough, so he simply launched the two emperors Yao and Shun..."

Yan Lingji couldn't help but said: "Didn't you say before that the Nong family is the largest of all schools of thought? Why did they introduce one Shennong, but your Confucianism introduced two?"

Can this be compared?

Gao Jing refrained from complaining, and emphasized: "The peasant family is just powerful, and they claim to have one hundred thousand peasant children, but for all schools, power does not mean influence! Zongheng Guigu has two disciples in each generation, but who in the world would dare underestimate?"

"Then which one is the most influential?" Yan Lingji asked.

Gao Jingdao: "Every era is different. In the past, there were Taoism and Mohism. There was a saying that there is no ink or Yang. Yang is Yang Zhu of Taoism. He advocated the saying of "for me" and "valuing oneself". The idea of ​​"for also" has been brought into play almost to the extreme.

Later, when Mencius was born, he scolded hundreds of schools of thought and brought the declining Confucianism to its peak again. "

Yan Lingji was dumbfounded: "Curse?"

Gao Jing was also very helpless, and said: "Every school of thought has its own ideas. If you want to promote your own ideas, of course you have to belittle others... Confucius, the founder of Confucianism, once learned from Lao Tzu, so Confucianism disciples are better than Taoist disciples. They are all a generation shorter.

But this is just seniority, and those who should be scolded should still be scolded!

Mozi, the founder of Mohism, was also a disciple of Confucianism, but after founding Mohism, didn’t he also scold Confucianism as worthless! "

Yan Lingji: "..."

According to her simple concept, isn't this "deceiving the teacher and destroying the ancestors"?

Mei Sanniang listened with gusto, and couldn't help but ask, "What about Taoism? Taoism also curses people?"

Gao Jing was silent for a while, and said: "If you want to say that the most scolding is Taoism, especially Zhuangzi, who scolded Confucianism bloody."

Yan Lingji suddenly became interested, and asked enthusiastically: "Why did you scold me? Tell me, why did you scold me?"

"..."

Gao Jing glared at her angrily, and said helplessly: "Zhuangzi specially wrote "Pian (pián) Thumb", "Horseshoe", "Qū (qū) Box (qiè), "Robber Zhi (zhí)" and so on. writings to criticize Confucianism."

That's right, these four treatises are all Zhuangzi's works attacking Confucianism, so one can imagine his resistance to Confucianism.

Let me talk about "Pian Thumb" first. The parallel thumb refers to the merged toes, which are superfluous things on the human body, just like the side fingers and attached tumors.

This article is roughly divided into four parts.

The first part is mainly to explain that wisdom, benevolence and righteousness, and eloquence are like "parallel thumbs" on the human body, which are superfluous things that do not conform to the original;

The second part begins to attack Confucianism, criticizing benevolence and righteousness, ritual and music, and pointing out that the most reasonable and righteous way in the world is nothing like "not losing the feeling of life", that is, maintaining the original true feelings, but "benevolence and righteousness" and "ritual and music" make "the world confused".

The third part further attacks the benevolence and righteousness of Confucianism, and further points out that Confucianism's "flavoring of benevolence and righteousness" is the root of chaos in the world. From the perspective of martyrdom for foreign things, a gentleman and a villain are both "destroyed and damaged", so there is no difference .

It was not until the fourth part that Zhuangzi pointed out that it is better not to do anything than to do anything, thus clarifying the social view of not doing benevolence and righteousness nor being obscene.

In fact, in "Pian Thumb", Zhuangzi just criticized Confucianism to the point, and in "Horseshoe", Zhuangzi further satirized the behavior of Confucianism.

At the beginning of the article, Zhuangzi first explained the nature of the horse and its way of survival: the hooves can be used to trample frost and snow, the hair can be used to resist the wind and cold, eat grass when hungry, drink water when thirsty, and raise the hooves and feet when they are sexual. Jumping, this is the nature of horses.

When Bole, who manages horses, appeared in the world, he burned the horse's hair with red-hot iron, trimmed the mane with scissors, chiseled the horse's hooves, branded the horse's mark, tied them with ties and trip ropes, and used mangers Arrange them with the horse bed, so that two or three tenths of the horses die when they come; let them not eat when they are hungry, or drink when they are thirsty, let them gallop quickly, let them gallop quickly, let them keep their pace, let them They moved in unison, restricted by the horse's mouth crossbar and the decoration of the horse's collar in the front, and threatened by the leather whip and bamboo strips in the back, so that more than half of the horses died.

However, people from generation to generation still praised Bole as "good at managing horses".

Zhuangzi believes that the common people of the Li people have their inherent and unchanging instincts and natures. Weaving cloth and then dressing, farming and then eating, these are the common virtues and instincts of all people.

People's thoughts and actions are integrated without any partiality, which is called letting it be.Therefore, in the era when the human nature of the ancients was the most perfect, people's actions were always so prudent and natural. Humans lived in the same way as animals, and coexisted with all kinds of things. How do you know what a gentleman or a villain is?

If everyone is stupid and has no wisdom, human instinct and nature will not be lost; everyone is ignorant and has no selfish desires, which is called "plain" and "simple".

When there are sages in the world, who are reluctant to do what they can and do their best to pursue the so-called benevolence and righteousness, then confusion and suspicion begin to appear in the world.Indulgent pursuit of leisure and music, and complicated and trivial formulation of etiquette and laws, so the world began to separate.

Destroying human nature in order to promote so-called benevolence and righteousness is the sin of a (Confucian) sage! .