New Shun 1730

While the court was thinking about how to balance and reward merit in the future, the draft treaty between China and Japan was ready.

Unlike the boundary treaty between China and Russia, this time neither Latin nor bilingual was required, and Chinese was sufficient as an official document.

After Liu Yu handed over the draft document, Lin Xinchong and Matsudaira Terusada checked it separately to avoid any ambiguous content.

It was all Chinese characters, and the two could understand it completely. This was also the written language of the Japanese upper class, and there was no concern about the same text but different meanings.

After a rough look, it was generally in accordance with the content agreed upon before, and there was nothing out of the ordinary.

The treaty said:

[Japan has been overseas for a long time and has stopped paying tribute for a hundred years. The Celestial Empire governed the country with benevolence and virtue, and never held it accountable. However, Japan invaded Ryukyu and bullied the Celestial Empire, so the emperor moved six divisions to conquer it as a punishment. 】

The war has been decided, and the punishment has been slightly imposed.

Therefore, His Majesty the Emperor of China specially selected Liu Yu, the Imperial Envoy of Dashun, the Minister of Plenipotentiary for Negotiations with Japan, and the Earl of Yingsuo; Ichijo Kaneka, the Minister of the Left, the Minister of the King of Japan, the Minister of the Shogun of the Japanese samurai, the head of the Seido University, and the hereditary priest of the Confucian Temple, Hayashi Nobumitsu; Matsudaira Terusada, the Lord of the Ueno Takasaki Domain, the Junior Fourth Rank, the Ukyo Daifu, and the Lord of the Ueno Takasaki Domain under the Japanese samurai shogun.

They reviewed the treaties and confirmed that they were all appropriate and flawless. They jointly agreed on the various clauses and listed them below.

Article 1:

Japan abolishes all the contents of the "Fifty Articles".

The samurai of Japan will withdraw from the Ryukyu Kingdom's Kumi Island and Machi Island.

The Ryukyu Kingdom will return the Ryukyu Kingdom's Kikai Island, Tokunoshima, Amami Oshima, Okinoerabu Island, and Yoron Island.

The Chinese court will send survey personnel to follow and demarcate the border.

Japan shall not interfere in the affairs of the Ryukyu Kingdom in the future.

The shrines set up by Japan in Ryukyu should also be demolished.

Article 2:

Japan will return the treasures of the eight mountains looted from Ryukyu in the 37th year of Wanli in the previous Ming Dynasty, with a total value of 3 million taels of silver.

As of this 131st year, the total principal and interest, calculated at 3% interest, amount to 305,495,769 taels, 8 coins and 8 cents.

Whether the interest will be exempted should depend on the result of the joint discussion between the Chinese emperor and the Ryukyu Kingdom.

The Chinese emperor will repay the 2,000 pieces of wood borrowed from the Japanese Satsuma Domain when rebuilding Shuri Castle after the fire in the 13th year of Taixing on behalf of the vassal Ryukyu, which was equivalent to 30,000 taels of silver.

Article 3:

Japan will return the tributes given to Ryukyu by the Celestial Empire since the 37th year of Wanli in the previous Ming Dynasty, with a total value of 2 million taels.

This price does not include interest.

Article 4:

The lord of the Satsuma Domain of Japan must go to Ryukyu Shuri Castle and kneel down in front of the Ryukyu Kingdom’s ancestral temple to repent.

The cost of the saddle and horse shall be borne by China, and the ships shall also be provided by the Celestial Empire.

The Chinese government shall send officials to accompany and witness.

Article 5:

To serve as a warning, and to prevent Japan from aggression, and to practice Confucius's great righteousness of repaying grievances with justice and repaying kindness with virtue.

Tsushima Island and Oki Island are ceded to the Ryukyu Kingdom.

In retaliation for the 131-year grievance of ceding Kikai Island, Tokunoshima Island, Amami Oshima Island, Okinoerabu Island, and Yoron Island in the 37th year of Wanli in the previous Ming Dynasty.

The total period is 262 years.

Article 6:

The Ezo Islanders pay tribute to China, present walrus ivory, walrus skin and other items as tribute, and request to submit.

The Chinese emperor agrees.

Japan transfers the Matsumae Domain to another place, with the strait as the boundary. China and Japan will survey the Ezo boundary within one year after the signing of the treaty.

Article 7:

The military expenses incurred by China in response to the punishment of sending troops shall be paid by Japan, totaling 5 million taels of treasury silver.

Article 8:

Excluding interest, Japan shall pay a total of 10 million taels of silver to China and the Ryukyu Kingdom. Minus the repayment of 30,000 taels of wood provided by Satsuma to the Ryukyu Kingdom, a total of 9.97 million taels of silver.

Of this, 4 million taels shall be paid within three months from the date of signing and exchanging the ratifications of the treaty: after delivery to Nagasaki and offshore delivery, all transportation risks shall have nothing to do with Japan.

The remaining 5.97 million taels shall be repaid in four installments, starting from the payment of the first installment, 1.5 million taels shall be repaid in the first year, and so on, until the fifth year.

If the payment is overdue, the unpaid amount shall be subject to a monthly interest rate of 5%.

Japan has its own national conditions and system, and China has granted permission for each territorial division to share the repayment according to the stone notice.

If the territorial divisions fail to repay, China has the right to send troops to demand the repayment, and the military expenses shall be compensated by the territorial divisions that fail to repay.

Article 9:

In view of Japan's request, in order to enable Japanese citizens to use Chinese goods, the Chinese emperor specially permits Japan to open commercial ports and conduct trade and exchange what they have.

In order to facilitate merchants to store goods, Japan leases land from China at the price of the land's stone height. Chinese merchants are allowed to build houses, enter and exit freely, and sell goods here.

The leased land should be selected in Nagasaki, Yonago, Tosa, Kobe, and Sendai, a total of five places. Except for the Japanese city, the rest can be selected by themselves, with a length and width of ten miles as the fixed point, and the land's stone height as the rent, which is paid annually.

The lease period is 200 years. If China does not want to continue to lease during this period, it must pay the rent for the remaining years; within the 200-year period, Japan cannot demand the return.

Article 1:

The goods carried by Chinese merchants must comply with the agreement between China and Japan. It is prohibited to violate prohibitions and carry Catholic-related books.

For specific prohibited items, see Appendix 1.

Article 11:

The goods carried by Chinese merchants must be taxed at 6% of the value to Japan. After paying the stamp, Japan shall not impose any form of tax, likin, etc. on the goods. They shall not be stopped along the way.

Japan can allow goods to be tax-free.

Article 12:

Both the Shimonoseki Strait and the Kitan Strait of Japan are accessible to Chinese ships.

Japan is not allowed to set up forts, and the original forts of the Chofu Domain and the Kokura Domain should be dismantled on the day of the contract exchange.

In view of the dismantling of the fort by the Coast Guard, if a third-party ship breaks in, the Chinese navy will be obliged to expel it.

Article 13:

Chinese ships are not allowed to enter Edo Bay without authorization.

If unauthorized entry is made, Japan has the right to sink it.

Article 14:

China and Japan should restrain the common people, fishermen and merchants. If they land in non-open ports, they can be driven away and captured.

If it is attacked by pirates, it can be sunk.

China respects Japan's seclusion system. Any Japanese national who leaves Japan for China without permission will be sent back.

Japan should restrain its citizens and prevent pirates from invading the coast of China.

Article 15:

An ancient saying goes: The three emperors had different customs and the five emperors had different religions.

China respects Japan's public military system and will not interfere because of it.

Paragraph 16:

Chinese merchants were not allowed to trade privately with the vassals.

Article 17:

Merchants in China can purchase the status of samurai swords to avoid disputes over status during trade.

Article 18:

In the event of storms, Chinese ships could stay at Japanese ports other than Edo for shelter, but they were not allowed to sell goods outside the five commercial ports.

Article 19:

In order to protect the country, Japan conscientiously implemented all the provisions of the treaty and allowed the Chinese army to temporarily occupy Hagi Castle to guard the Choshu Domain. The gate under the Chofu clan should be regarded as a neutral zone, and both sides can garrison a thousand troops to facilitate the exchange of contracts.

Furthermore, after the first compensation was paid, China promised to withdraw from Hagi.

Article 20:

After the exchange is approved in this treaty, China will release all Japanese prisoners captured—except those who admire China and take the initiative to seek refuge.

Section 21:

China will compensate the people's houses in Kyoto affected by the war. Each household will pay eight taels of treasury silver, for a total of 80,000 taels of treasury silver.

This amount will be paid within one month after the contract is exchanged.

Section 22:

Japan should treat the people well and agree to the conditions promised by the Chinese prince to the Tottori Domain; Japan should urge the Choshu Domain to fulfill its promise to reduce tribute by 30%.

Section 24:

The compensation shall be based on treasury silver. If the compensation is in gold, the gold price shall be based on the average gold and silver price in Osaka in the previous three years. See Appendix 2.

Section 25:

Japan may not trade with vassals of the Chinese Empire without China's permission.

Section 26:

Japan shall not call itself China without authorization.

For example, Nishikawa Nishikawa's "Huayitongshanglu" and Arai Shiraishi's "Ryukyu State Affairs" and others who refer to Japan as China should be banned.

Section 27:

From the date of initialing of this treaty, the soldiers shall be bound to a truce; from the date of exchange, the two sides shall cease war.

Section 28:

Since this treaty has been approved by His Majesty the Great Emperor of China, the King of Japan, and the Shogun of Japan, it will be fixed on April 17, the 21st year of Dashun Taixing, that is, April 17, the fifth year of the Japanese Kokugenbun era, which is the Gengshen year. On April 17, the appointment was exchanged at the Keiyinji Temple in Shimonoseki Town, the Governor's Office of Japan.

This treaty is made in duplicate and has been verified to be correct.

The plenipotentiary ministers of the two countries signed and sealed it to show their commitment.

His Majesty, the Emperor of China, specially selected the Imperial Envoy of Dashun, Minister Plenipotentiary for Negotiations with Japan, and granted him the title of Eagle Sabo Liu Yu.

Zhao Baiquan, a doctor in the Chinese government.

The King of Japan has appointed Minister Plenipotentiary, Cong Yi, Guan Baizuo, Minister Ichijo Ichiro.

Hayashi Shinmitsu, the head of the Japanese National Seido University and the hereditary priest of the Confucian Temple.

The shogunate of Japan appointed the senior ministers with special powers and full power, including Terusada Matsudaira, the senior official of Ukyo and the lord of Ueno-Takasaki Domain.

Schedule 1:

List of goods prohibited by China Shipping:

Books - refer to the "List of Prohibited Books in Japan".

Note: Books newly lifted from the ban in the fourth year of the reign of the Japanese Emperor Yuanwen are excluded from the "Catalogue of Forbidden Books".

The total is:

Liu Tongzhi's "A Brief Scenery of the Imperial Capital".

"Tong Wen Zhi Suan" by Li Zhizao and Matteo Ricci

"Lingtai Yixiangzhi" by Tang Ruowang and Nan Huairen

Erasmus's "One Hundred Maxims for Friendship"

"Elements of Geometry" by Xu Guangqi and Matteo Ricci

Li Zhizao's "Comparison of Wan Rong and Yi"

"Restraining the Seven Deadly Sins and the Meanings of Confucianism and Mohism" by Xiong Sanba and Pang Diwo

Hu Jingchen's "Tan Xuezhai Collection"

Kraviwusi's "The Map of the Huntian Covering the Sky and Connecting the Constitution"

Except for the books that have been lifted from the ban, all books involving practical and Western learning must be submitted to the Privy Council of China for review, and the Privy Council will return them to the Japanese Shogunate for review.

Books on principles and instruments cannot be carried without permission unless the ban is lifted.

Appendix 2:

The price of silver and gold in Kuping is based on the exchange of gold for six silver by one of Japan's Osaka coin dealers in the previous three years.

Except for gold and silver, other figurines, utensils, copper materials, etc. can be exchanged for treasury silver at the price set by the Chinese Maritime Merchant and converted.

Appendix Three:

Ezo has paid tribute to China, and the Japanese shogunate should quickly go to conquer the barbarian general.

Schedule 4:

Donation price for corporal saber status: 30 stone meters.

Schedule 5:

Invitations from the people of the Choshu Domain, the people of the Tosa Domain, and the people of the Tottori Domain requested by Chuka:

……wait.