New Shun 1730

Of course, this does not mean that there is no taxation or no rule.

Rather, here, taxation is to destroy or support a certain industry in India; rule is to make it easier for the bourgeoisie to plunder profits.

Li Han wants to destroy India's sugar industry through some means.

The same is true for Liu Yu who wants to develop India's cotton planting industry by supporting the cotton industry.

It may be that the former has a lot of tax increases, while the latter not only does not increase taxes, but is even exempt to a certain extent.

Regarding Li Han's idea, overall, it is indeed possible.

East of the Cape of Good Hope and west of Japan, the only countries that can really compete in the sugar industry are Nanyang and India.

The difference is that the Nanyang sugar industry can and prefers to use Chinese, which facilitates relocation and facilitates trade connecting the soybean-producing areas and sugarcane-growing areas in Northeast China.

In the Indian sugar industry, even if the plantation owners and sugar factory owners are Chinese, they will never use immigrants from Dashun, because the labor cost is obviously higher than using local Indians, especially in line with India's caste system and land system.

Other than that, there is no "competition" at all.

Historically, Japan tried to introduce sugar cane to squeeze sugar by itself in the 18th century. Because of Japan's dietary problems, Japan was addicted to sugar.

But obviously, there is no difference between Japan trying to grow its own sugar cane and Sweden trying to grow its own mulberry trees and raising silkworms. To put it bluntly, this thing is really an industry that depends on God’s face. No matter how talented you are, you can’t grow sugar cane or mulberry trees in places with high latitudes.

Therefore, if this set of tools is used well, it will indeed be very helpful for immigration. Not just Nanyang, but also north of the Songliao watershed.

Seeing that Li Huan was already proficient in mastering this set of things, Liu Yu finished listening to Li Huan's discussion of the "soybean market" in the remaining two directions.

Overall, the idea is advisable.

It can even be said that specific situations and specific issues were taken into consideration.

The thinking in the Jiangsu and Shandong regions is nothing more than appropriate transformation, taking advantage of maritime transportation, without having to consider food shortages, and forcing redemption of cash crops to develop a small-scale peasant economy.

The market in Japan is based on the transformation of agricultural crops in the Sulu region.

As a result, Japan's rice exports can continue to increase.

Secondly, Japan can also appropriately develop its copper, sulfur and other mining industries.

Thirdly, Japan's population pressure, the land rent and rice income of each feudal lord, and the food demand after the continued development of industry and commerce in the Sulu area, etc., will also prompt Japan to expand trade as an import national policy after knowing that bean cakes can fertilize fields. .

As for the miso, soy sauce, natto, etc. that Japanese people eat, they are not the main market growth direction.

Soybeans are, after all, a cash crop.

If this had already reached the era of breech-loading guns and glycerin dynamite, soybeans, as a superior oil crop, would be able to expand industrially on a large scale if there was a world war. But now, there is no need to consider this direction for the time being.

Japan's land system, the rice income of feudal lords, the pressure of Japan's population growth, and the demand for rice from the industrial and commercial development of coastal areas in Dashun. It should be said that Li Huan's thinking is clear.

As long as Dashun relies on its existing military advantages and uses some means, Japan can become the third largest soybean consumer market outside the mainland and Nanyang.

Now that there are these three major markets, as long as the transportation problem is solved, the figure of two to three hundred thousand immigrants north of Songliao mentioned by Li Hui is not an exaggeration at all.

Even, maybe more.

Moreover, in view of the development of this completely commercialized planting industry, it is entirely possible to use semi-industrial level agricultural machinery to reduce costs and replace labor.

In addition, the development of the planting industry guided by the commercial fertilizer soybean industry does not only require the agricultural population.

The corresponding industries such as oil extraction, transportation, and pressing also require manpower.

In short, the idea is to make way for capital.

The navy, fleet, corps stationed in India, and national policies must serve capital.

If you need a market, find a market.

If transportation is needed, build railways.

If they need land, they are allowed to occupy land in the Songnen Plain at a low price, sell state-owned land at a low price, or use it as a "reward" for "coup support".

The purpose of relocating people is to solve the contradiction between people and land in the Central Plains. People can just move to the Western Regions, Northeast China, Fusang, and Nanyang. As long as they move there, they will become small farmers or work as farm laborers. He doesn't care.

It should be said that Li Han's thinking has laid the groundwork for Dashun's future chaos.

If history is a guide, it would be the "Land Policy Dispute between Jefferson and Hamilton" in history.

Jefferson believed that with so much land in North America, every farmer should have his own land. The previous land sales system required a minimum of 640 acres, that is, a minimum of nearly 4,000 acres. In the end, landless people and pioneers who really need land cannot get it at all.

By that time, of course, large-scale agriculture of a commercial nature would have developed. However, commercial capital will definitely take advantage of the loopholes. Taking advantage of the high price of 4,000 acres, which the common people cannot afford, they quickly hoard land, and then divide it into small pieces and sell it to make a profit on the price difference.

This is contrary to the idea of ​​land to the tiller and Jefferson's belief in returning to an agricultural society and focusing on agriculture over commerce.

Besides, Jefferson was very clear about what commercial capital was like and what kind of businessmen were like: he put it there at the time. If this was done, without large commercial capital to hoard land, and then divide it into small pieces to sell or rent it out to make a profit, then hell.

Hamilton, as well as the capitalists, commercial capital, and plantation land demanders behind him, eventually formulated the "Land Act of 1785", with a minimum land purchase area of ​​4,000 acres. If you can't afford 4,000 acres of land at one time, don't buy land, just work.

Here we don't talk about the class supporters behind Hamilton, nor the class attributes of his "Land Act of 1785".

Let's just say Hamilton's idea is that North America does not lack land, and the country does not have too big a contradiction between people and land, but it lacks money.

Since there is so much land, it is better to sell it quickly, convert the land into cash, and convert it into cash and treasury income.

On the one hand, it can quickly repay the national debt.

On the other hand, the privatization and sale of a large amount of state-owned land can quickly raise funds to invest in his "Manufacturing Development Plan".

Hamilton also admitted that this would inevitably lead to the rapid expansion of financial capital groups and land speculation is inevitable.

And obviously, it will lead to financial capital hoarding land, and then cutting it into small pieces and selling it to earn the difference, and even financial capital will engage in usury.

However, in the same way, relying on small farmers to purchase, quickly privatize state-owned land, and then quickly realize it to repay national debts and as a subsidy for the development of manufacturing is obviously too slow.

Everything has both good and bad sides.

Land speculation is certainly a bad side, but as long as the development of manufacturing can be completed quickly, then its good side outweighs the bad side.

Hamilton believes that as long as a strong and efficient centralized government can be established, relying on regulatory measures and national investment to fully develop manufacturing, then the negative land speculation problem brought about by this land law is acceptable.

In the final analysis.

In terms of economic structure, this is a dispute between "small peasant economy-led" and "capitalist industry-led".

In terms of government composition, this is a dispute between state power decentralization and centralization.

In terms of class attributes, it is a dispute between capital and small farmers.

Objectively speaking, Hamilton's policy failed.

For a long time, this set of land laws promoted the rapid growth of financial capital, caused usury and sublease problems, and suppressed the pace of land development for a long time.

And because Hamilton's Newburgh conspiracy failed, the construction of centralization failed, and his manufacturing development plan was rejected...

The benefits he expected were not seen much.

The disadvantages he knew well were everywhere.

However, in the end, Hamilton's ideas were completed in a way of "unintentional planting of willows and willows growing into shades".

That is, the early land speculation activities quickly created a group of financial groups with strong capital.

After Hamilton's death, the emergence of railways, these financial groups with strong accumulated capital invested a lot of capital accumulated from land speculation in the construction of canals and railways.

In the end, the construction of canals and railways made the Homestead Act have practical significance and eventually promoted the westward movement.

It should be said that Hamilton's thinking was clear and correct. But after all, he still missed a problem.

He believed that North America was not short of resources or land at that time, but "capital accumulated together". This capital can be private or national, such as his centralized concept and "Manufacturing Development Plan".

Even his attitude towards industry and commerce was very clear: squeeze small farmers and small handicraftsmen to death, and develop large enterprises to compete with Europe, such as his "Whiskey Tax Act".

Including that his land law, its idea is to eliminate potential small farmers, force them to belong to capital, rather than self-employed farmers who own their own means of production, and solve the problem of insufficient labor in North American industry and commerce.

But his failure was that he did not consider the chronic disease of colonization, and attempted to eliminate the first type of private ownership and quickly build the second type of private ownership when the conditions were not mature.

However, in view of the current situation in North America, he realized the reality of lack of capital and the importance of primitive accumulation. In an extreme way, he helped the capital group complete primitive accumulation by selling state-owned land. Under the current situation where North American manufacturing was completely crushed by Europe, it seemed that only land could be relied on to complete primitive accumulation. This indeed laid the foundation for the subsequent investment in the development of canals and railways.

However, the situation of Dashun was more complicated than this problem.

But in essence, especially for those wastelands that can be reclaimed, there may be a more complicated disagreement.

If it is the dispute between Jefferson and Hamilton.

In terms of economic structure, this is a dispute between "small peasant economy dominance" and "industry and commerce dominance".

In terms of government composition, this is a dispute between state power dispersion and centralization.

In terms of class attributes, it is a dispute between capital and small farmers.

Then, Dashun does not need to consider the relationship between the government, the central government and the local governments.

However, inevitably, in view of the retro fantasy of the well-field system and the distorted "Saint-Simonism" mentioned by Liu Yu, I am afraid that one more thing must be added.

In terms of economic structure, is this a dispute between "small peasant economy-led" and "capitalist industry and commerce-led", or is it also a dispute between agricultural estate cooperatives as in Na San's "On the Elimination of Poverty"?

In terms of class attributes, in addition to the dispute between capital and small peasants, the military nobles must also be added. This is a force that cannot be ignored in Dashun, and it is also a force that Li Liruo must "reward" if he has ambitions.

And what if the military nobles, the original feudal ruling class, are attached to capital? Isn't this thing called Japanese chaebols and Prussian Junkers?