Legend of Xiangjiang Tycoon

Li Zhiwen couldn't help but sigh that in this small box, three of the four business leaders are now operating in the shipping industry.

Needless to say, Li Zhiwen himself, in addition to the wharf under Hutchison Whampoa, there is also Wheelock, which has just been won, which is centered on the shipping industry and the real estate industry, so it is naturally one.

And when Xu Shixun died of his eldest brother, because the second child of the Xu family was not in good health, Xu Shixun had been in charge of Shunchang Shipping Company all the time.

As for Bao Yugang, needless to say, this is a veritable world ship king, of course it is one.

Although Bao Yugang abandoned his boat and landed four years ago, many of the ships were sold, and the crown of the world ship king on his head has long been lost, but at this time, the global shipping still maintains a certain number of ships.

In fact, Huo Yingdong can be regarded as the first pot of gold earned in shipping. During the Korean War, Huo Yingdong made money by not being afraid of death and smuggling.

Today's Hong Kong shipping industry, it can be said that there are hundreds of ships competing for success, the largest of which are OOCL, Huaguang Shipping Company and Wanbang Group.

OOCL was founded by Dong Haoyun.

During the reign of the Guo Party, there were four private shipping giants: Yu Qiaqing of Shanghai Sanbei Shipping Company, Zhang Benzheng of Lu Province Zhengji Company, Lu Zuofu of Chongqing Minsheng Industrial Company, and Dong Haoyun of Huaxia Oriental Shipping Company.

Who is the ship king? Exact statistics were not available at the time. It is generally believed that Yu Qiaqing was the dominant player at the beginning. At his peak, he owned more than 20 ships with a total tonnage of more than 50,000. After Yu Qiaqing's death, the Three Norths fell.

Lu Province Zhengji once dominated the Bohai and Yellow Seas, and suffered heavy losses during the Japanese occupation. There are as many as 140 people's livelihood boats, but most of them are inland river boats. Dong Haoyun debuted the latest, but the latecomers came out on top.

Dong Haoyun was born on August 18, 1911 in Dinghai, Zhejiang. My father is the owner of a hardware store in Shanghai. Dinghai is the county seat of Zhoushan Islands, the largest fishing ground in China. Historically, it has been under the jurisdiction of Ningbo Prefecture. Dong Haoyun's house is close to the mountains and the sea. Dong Haoyun grew up watching the sea.

"The sea is blue, the masts are like forests, and a boat is like a boat. It carries the dreams of the rest of the children and floats to the ocean. Zheng He, the **** of the three guarantees, has gone to the West seven times. Water, to warm children's dreams.."

This is an essay by Dong Haoyun when he was in middle school. When he was 5 years old, he took a boat to Shanghai to study elementary and middle school beside his father.

In 1927, Dong Haoyun, who had just graduated from high school, took his father's back to take the admissions test for the shipping training class and was selected to study.

The training course was organized by Zhou Zuomin, a financier from the north. A year later, Dong Haoyun was sent to work as a staff member in the Tianjin Airlines Company under Zhou's family at the age of 17.

Dong Haoyun worked diligently and quickly improved. By the age of 25, she was the deputy manager and managing director of the company.

This year, the Bohai Sea was frozen, and many ships were frozen in the ice. The Ministry of Communications dispatched a plane to inspect the rescue, and the commissioner representing Tianjin Aviation Company was Dong Haoyun. Half a century later, he recalled: "At that time, the plane leaked air from all sides, and the wind was strong at high altitude. When I got off the plane, I almost froze."

Dong Haoyun is keen on social activities. At the age of 20, she was elected as the executive director of the Tianjin Shipbuilding Association, and at the age of 23, she was elected as the vice president. He witnessed the status quo of foreign powers dominating the shipping industry in the Far East, and he had the ambition to unite with the industry and compete with ocean ships.

However, Dong Haoyun is very ambitious, publicizing his idea among the peers, merging various small private shipping companies, and those who want to join will buy shares at a discount of the ships to form a huge fleet to compete with foreign shipping companies and government-run China Merchants Shipping.

He envisages opening up a number of regular flights to change the passive situation of small ship owners "there are ships but no cargo, and there are cargoes but no ships". At the same time, the ship is used as a mortgage to obtain bank credit for the purchase of new ships.

Dong Haoyun's proposal has been echoed by many small shipowners. However, Dong Haoyun was born at an untimely time. The following year, the war broke out and the plan was stranded. Half of the ships of Huaxia Shipping were requisitioned by the Guo Party army, and then scuttled in the Yangtze River, blocking the waterway and preventing the Japanese ships from going up the river to attack the Hubei and Chongqing provinces.

During the Japanese occupation of Shanghai, the Eastern Shipping Company was taken over by the Japanese side. Dong Haoyun successively served as the manager of the transportation department of Shanghai Tongcheng Company and the supervisor of the shipping department of Jincheng Bank.

Dong Haoyun was reluctant to live in peace under the Japanese and puppet rule, and fled to Hong Kong in the spring of 1941, and the Oriental Shipping Trust Company was re-registered in Hong Kong. The only three ships flew the British flag and sailed along the southeast coast.

The good times didn't last long. Six months later, the Pacific War broke out, and Britain declared war on Japan.

The Eastern Shipping Trust Company was confiscated by the Japanese army as "enemy property". Dong Haoyun traveled to Chongqing and served in the Allied troops stationed in China and government departments.

At the end of World War II, Dong Haoyun returned to Shanghai with high ambitions and applied to the Shanghai agency of the Ministry of Communications for resumption of business, but was rejected by the officials on the grounds of "registered company in Hong Kong". In desperation, Dong Haoyun had to form another company, which was approved to be registered in 1946, and the company name was Huaxia Shipping Company.

Although China was one of the "five major powers in the world" at that time, its national strength was actually weak, and the Guodang was so busy with the civil war that it had no time to take into account the national industry. China's shipping industry is still controlled by Western powers.

Dong Haoyun gradually developed and expanded under extremely difficult circumstances. During the several years after the liberation of Shanghai, Huaxia Shipping purchased 10 ships: Cihang, Changli, Tangshan, Luanzhou, Ciyun, Lingyun, Tianlong, Tianxing, Tianping, and Tongping, all of which were more than 2,000 tons. seagoing vessel.

In 1947, Dong Haoyun purchased three Victory-type 10,000-ton freighters from the United States. Dong Haoyun also established a wholly-owned Fuxing Shipping Company and named the three ships: Jingsheng, Husheng and Yusheng. Since then, Dong Haoyun has purchased 8 small cargo ships with internal combustion engines, and Xia Xing has a total of 11 ships.

On the eve of the liberation of Shanghai, Dong Haoyun owned and controlled a total of 21 ships with a total tonnage of more than 100,000.

Dong Haoyun has two other achievements in the history of China Shipping.

In 1947, Dong Haoyun dispatched the Tianlong, all piloted by Huaxia crew, to make its maiden voyage to France from Shanghai, which became a sensational creation in the industry.

In 1948, Dong Haoyun dispatched the Tongping to San Francisco, and the crew was still all Chinese. It was the first time that a Chinese private ship crossed the Pacific Ocean. Dong Haoyun and Huaxia Shipping became famous, and many newspapers in Western China published the news.

In 1949, Dong Haoyun stayed in Xiangjiang for about half a year, and rumors spread in Xiangjiang that he wanted to take back Xiangjiang. The British Hong Kong authorities, with all grass and trees, expanded their police force and stepped up preparations for war.

Dong Haoyun moved Huaxia Shipping Company and Fuxing Shipping Company to Wanbei for registration.

In fact, Dong Haoyun owns only three vessels under Fuxing's subsidiary: Jingsheng, Husheng and Yusheng. The ships owned by Hua Xia Shipping are owned by all shareholders. Dong Haoyun left Shanghai in a hurry, too late to discuss the issue of property division and evacuation with the shareholders.

In fact, the only three cargo ships with the name "Sheng" have not really belonged to Dong Haoyun, and he is still supplying ships.

But Dong Haoyun did not panic at all, the world was in the post-war renaissance period, the transportation was busy, and there was a shortage of ships. It won't be long before he can pay off the balance he owes the US.

At that time, the beautiful country was completely disappointed with the fruit party, which implicated Dong Haoyun, who had no personal relationship with the fruit party.

In February 1950, Beautiful Country issued a statement, detaining the Jingsheng and Husheng ships of the Fuxing Shipping Company on the grounds of "unpaid debts".

Dong Haoyun wanted to cry but had no tears, only relying on Yu Sheng to support the shipping industry that she had been fighting for for more than 20 years.

Dong Haoyun was afraid that Yu Sheng would repeat the same mistakes, so he came to Hong Kong. He registered a branch in Xiangjiang, named it Jinshan Shipping Company, and put the Yusheng under the banner of Jinshan.

Huaxia Shipping Company and Fuxing Shipping Company in the north of the bay have actually become empty shells.

In the past, the all-powerful ship king in Shanghai was reduced to a small ship owner in Xiangjiang. At that time, the Chinese fleet was the largest in Cantonese businessman Xu Aizhou, and it took advantage of the right time, place and people.

Dong Haoyun does not understand the language, and often wanders alone by the Victoria Harbour.

Yusheng is on a long voyage, and he is even more melancholy about "parents leaving home". The tide is surging, Dong Haoyun relives his old dreams, and hopes to make a comeback in the future and revive Haiwei.

In June 1950, the outbreak of the Korean War stimulated the revival of the East Asian economy. The Far East was plagued by ship shortages and freight rates rose. Dong Haoyun's Yusheng made a lot of money.

Uncle Sam once again extended a helping hand, and Dong Haoyun's Jingsheng and Husheng ships returned to Zhao.

Dong Haoyun owns three 10,000-ton giant ships, but soon, it was discovered that Jinshan Company seems to have more than these three giant ships, as if Dong Haoyun will conjure up a ship.

It is rumored that the ships that Dong Haoyun escaped from the "doomsday" were not the three ships of Jingsheng, Husheng and Yusheng.

When he left Shanghai, half of China Shipping's ships were sailing to Europe and the United States. Later, it gradually returned to its original owner, bringing the Dong Haoyun Group, which was on the verge of bankruptcy, back to life.

The three ships of Jinshan Company are all gray hulls, with yellow chimneys and plum blossom marks. The ship Dong Haoyun later recovered was neither in this "dress", nor did it use the original name of the ship, but the English name of the ship.

Maybe Dong Haoyun is afraid that other shareholders will chase after Xiangjiang to divide up the fleet, maybe there is no such thing at all, Dong Haoyun is still the three "win" ships.

Someone asked Dong Haoyun, and Dong Haoyun smiled bitterly: "How can there be such a good thing in the world? I'm just acting as an agent for the operation of some ships."

Dong Haoyun considered the situation and believed that the world shipping center would definitely shift to less developed countries and regions.

Countries such as the United States and the United Kingdom originally had the largest fleets in the world, but shipowners were overwhelmed by the rising wages of crews.

Seamen's unions in these countries are powerful. If shipowners adopt a low-wage system or employ third-world crews, they will inevitably lead to intervention and accusations by seafarers' unions. In this case, shipowners have to shrink their fleet size.

Since the mid-1950s, Greek and Japanese shipowners have risen rapidly, the most famous of which are Onassis, Japanese Sanko, and Japanese ships.

However, since the early 1960s, shipowners in these countries have been constrained by factors such as rising labor costs, resulting in weakened competitiveness.

In terms of comprehensive conditions, Heungkong is most likely to become the third-generation shipping star. The economy of Heungkong is growing rapidly, but the rise in wages is always two beats late. The independent labor unions of Heungkong are weak, and more importantly, the mainland China and Southeast Asia. The steady stream of immigrants to Hong Kong has become a hotbed for owners to stick to the low-wage system.

Hong Kong has the lowest tax rate in the world, making it a paradise for shipowners to "evade tax". Dong Haoyun believes that the prospect of working in the shipping industry in Heung Kong is promising.

Dong Haoyun's goal is no longer to be the largest independent shipowner in China, but to be the largest in the world.

As early as the 1950s, Dong Haoyun devoted himself to expanding the fleet. What made Dong Haoyun's fleet amazingly expanded was that he encountered two good opportunities.

In the early 1960s, Beautiful Country sold 12 10,000-ton Victory-type cargo ships to Dong Haoyun at one time. The conditions are amazingly favorable, and the total sale is only one million US dollars. If it is equivalent to six million Hong Kong dollars, each boat is only five hundred thousand Hong Kong dollars. It is equivalent to giving it to Dong Haoyun in vain.

It is said that the beautiful country has given disguised compensation to the relevant institutions or companies whose assets were detained that year, and made undisclosed corrections to the wrong practices of the year.

Dong Haoyun was detained for two Victory Wheels for half a year, but now she has received nearly ten times the return.

In fact, the beautiful country could not be more shrewd. These Victory Wheels were built hastily in the early 1940s in response to the special needs of the Ministry of National Defense to transport soldiers.

Now, the pampered and beautiful sailors of the country simply do not want to work on such a dilapidated ship. The age of these Victory ships has reached 20 years, and the United States is preparing to eliminate them. It is better to deal with the scrap iron. Now it is better to make up for Dong Haoyun's losses.

Dong Haoyun picked up a hot pan and was overjoyed. Dong Haoyun painted the twelve Victory ships with the Jinshan Plum Blossom logo and compiled them into a "Xiangjiang series": Heungkong representative, Heungkong production, Heungkong export, etc., and joined the regular routes to Europe and the United States.

Dong Haoyun, a shipping expert, is naturally well aware of the defects of these ships and the high fuel consumption rate.

But oil prices were cheap at that time, and after the Suez Canal was blocked, the rising freight rates were enough to make up for the extra fuel consumption. The facilities on the ship are rudimentary, but the crew of Xiangjiang not only have no complaints about the low salary, but also can endure hardships.

The dining room, cabin interior decoration and utensils of the Victory Ship ~www.readwn.com~ are all American-style, which is quite luxurious and comfortable in the eyes of the crew of Hong Kong. It was phased out in the 1970s.

The profit made in ten years is enough to buy dozens of new ships of the same tonnage.

Because Dong Haoyun has a good reputation in the world shipping industry, at the end of the 1960s, Dong Haoyun picked up a hot fried dumpling. West Germany sold a batch of dual-axle passenger and cargo ships with internal combustion engines to Xiangjiang Jinshan at a low price.

These ships were built in the 1950s and are 140,000-ton ships. Due to the soaring wages of employees in the West German Sea, West German shipping generally implements automation or semi-automation.

The German side's condition is: Jinshan buys these ships and cannot go on the European route - so as not to pose a threat to West German shippers. Dong Haoyun kept his promise and included these ships into the "Oriental Series": Oriental Bachelor, Oriental Artist, etc., and joined the Far East Pacific route.

Dong Haoyun's contribution to the shipping industry may not lie in the fact that he built a huge fleet, but his pioneering measures for the shipping industry.

Dong Haoyun is the pioneer of containerization in the Asian shipping industry.

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