The military-industrial scientific research system of the academic master.
Chapter 1174 Financial Support
Hit the world in one hour.
Strictly speaking, this is not a new concept.
In the 90s, the United States proposed the hypersonic cruise missile "Fast Eagle" to replace the Tomahawk, with the goal of being able to attack any target in the territory of the main imaginary enemy within an hour.
However, this plan coincided with the large-scale project cancellation after the end of the Cold War, and ended in a whimper after a few failed experiments.
In the previous life, what really made this slogan resound throughout the world was the X2007A "Waverider" technology verification aircraft, which was not unveiled until 51. It was planned to complete ground experiments in 2008 and conduct four test launches starting in 2009, after which it would formally consider introducing weaponization.
Of course, the final result is well known to all.
We're about to start a club of hypersonic nations, and guess who wasn't invited?
In short, it is undoubtedly eye-opening that Chang Haonan shouted out this slogan in advance in 2005.
Especially compared with the previous plans that require the use of launch vehicles for delivery, the final product of the waverider configuration is a cruise missile with relatively low sensitivity but no weaker deterrent power.
The threshold at the usage level is relatively low.
Of course, even if you only look at the introduction on Chang Haonan’s PPT, you can imagine that product design of this configuration is probably the most difficult one.
Seeing that the five configurations that were agreed upon at the beginning had all been introduced, Qiao Chenqing, who had been eager to try, finally couldn't hold back his desire to ask questions, and almost couldn't wait to raise his hand -
The big boss had already given him a sample, so of course he couldn't speak directly.
"Excuse me."
Chang Haonan has basically finished talking about the most important content. Of course, there is still a lot of space to go on, but due to time constraints, it is impossible to go into every detail.
Therefore, Qiao Chenqing's question just helped him.
"Comrade Haonan, you just introduced three hypersonic flight vehicle configurations with military potential. Of course, the fourth one, whether it uses rocket power or air-breathing power, is relatively conventional, but the first and fifth ones require long-term non-ballistic motion in the atmosphere, which is very different from the traditional ballistic missiles and cruise missiles we are familiar with in the past. So how should they be controlled?"
As the head of the Air Force, he naturally began to consider the issue of the combat effectiveness of weapons.
Hearing this question which hit the mark exactly, Chang Haonan smiled and turned the PPT directly to the twenty-odd pages later.
"For traditional gliding waveriders, during the re-entry process, they generally choose one of the two trajectories shown in the figure. The Sanger trajectory will make multiple jumps at the edge of the atmosphere, while the Qian Xuesen trajectory will only make one re-entry action, and then glide without power at the edge of the atmosphere..."
"But no matter which one, the reentry phase can be divided into the initial reentry phase, the energy management phase and the final phase. Considering the limitations of dynamic pressure, overload and thermal management, it is difficult for a hypersonic flying body to arrange large-sized wing surfaces like conventional aircraft. Therefore, it is necessary to control the flight altitude by changing the angle of attack and control the flight direction by changing the roll angle..."
"Technically speaking, the simplest way is to use reference trajectory guidance, that is, to select a relatively narrow reentry range before the mission is executed, generate a set of standard trajectories in advance as references, and finally design a trajectory tracking law to track and control the reference trajectory so that it coincides with the standard trajectory line..."
For today's report, Chang Haonan specially simplified many technical terms and calculation parts, so Qiao Chenqing quickly understood the contents of the PPT and nodded thoughtfully.
This reference trajectory guidance is actually not much different from the guidance method of ballistic missiles in essence.
A trajectory is determined in advance, and then the missile flies along the preset path.
Essentially, a flying object does not need to know where it is, it only needs to know when to make the move.
If combined with some measurement and control capabilities, it can also calibrate the flight trajectory and improve re-entry accuracy.
However...the shortcomings are also obvious.
"Comrade Haonan, you just said that we need to track and control the actual trajectory and reference trajectory of the flying object. But if we want to hit an enemy target, it is impossible to complete this process on the ground... I'm afraid the enemy won't cooperate with us?"
Qiao Chenqing continued to ask in a half-joking tone.
"That's right, so this method can only be used in the technical verification stage to improve our understanding and knowledge of waverider gliding trajectories."
Chang Haonan nodded, and then added:
"Of course, reference trajectory guidance can also be used in the aerospace field. For spacecraft that exceed the second cosmic velocity, it is difficult to solve the overload and heat generation of re-entering the atmosphere directly. Therefore, multiple stages of deceleration can be carried out through the Sanger trajectory..."
"Exceeding the second cosmic speed?"
The other leader, who had been silent until now, raised his head.
"That's right... For example, in the future, when returning from the moon or Mars orbit, this technology may be useful."
Chang Haonan was just saying it casually, but since someone was really interested in this detail, he was happy to expand on it.
It can also help deepen the impression of deep space exploration on senior leaders.
If possible, it would be great to conduct several re-entry tests with the help of space programs.
However, the other party just nodded and did not ask any further questions. Instead, he gestured to Chang Haonan to continue the previous topic.
The latter then turned a page of PPT:
"In short, for a truly practical weapon, a prediction-correction guidance method that does not rely on a specific reference trajectory is needed. Simply put, the deviation between the predicted landing point and the theoretical landing point is compared in real time during each guidance cycle, and the angle of attack and roll are corrected in real time based on the settlement results."
"However, this method will generate a large number of partial differential equations during the solution process, which not only places high demands on the performance of the missile-borne computer, but also may fail to converge and lead to guidance failure... My research team and I have accumulated certain technical experience and research results in this field, but we still need more test data to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the solution..."
"As for the last one I just mentioned, because the waverider-like configuration always flies at a relatively low altitude in the atmosphere, its control strategy is similar to that of existing supersonic cruise missiles. However, the performance requirements for control hardware such as rudders and motors are more stringent, so we need to make significant improvements in basic capabilities..."
As of 2005, China already had a certain research foundation for both bicones and traditional waveriders. The most Chang Haonan could do was to provide some additional research resources and help at the basic theoretical level.
Therefore, he naturally focused his attention on the waverider configuration.
It is also inevitable to say a few good words.
"What about guidance?"
Qiao Chenqing quickly took note of what Chang Haonan had introduced, and then continued to ask:
"Glide trajectories can also be guided autonomously by combining inertial navigation and star navigation, but cruise missiles always need to rely on external signals, whether it is a satellite positioning system or radar echo, to find the target. Will high-speed flight in the atmosphere produce a blackout similar to the process of spacecraft re-entering the atmosphere?"
Asking such specific questions often indicates genuine interest.
Chang Haonan was overjoyed, but on the surface he still controlled his expression:
"For hypersonic cruise missiles with relatively low speeds, that is, in the range of 6-8 times the speed of sound, as long as the aerodynamic shape is properly designed, plasma ionization will hardly be stimulated. Just like ordinary cruise missiles, a combination of mid-course satellite guidance and terminal active radar/optical imaging guidance can be used."
"If the speed is further increased, then as you said, we need to consider the shielding of electromagnetic signals by the plasma sheath..."
Because this part involves a lot of specific calculations, it is not included in the PPT.
So Chang Haonan paused for a moment when he said this, and then looked at a security guard not far away:
"Please bring me something to write on..."
The latter quickly brought a whiteboard to Chang Haonan:
"I'm sorry, Academician Chang, Jingxi Hotel doesn't have a blackboard..."
Chang Haonan shook his head slightly to indicate that he didn't care, and then returned to the stage.
"I'll try to explain it in a more popular way..."
He gave an apologetic smile and drew a vector diagram of electromagnetic wave transmission on the whiteboard.
"The black barrier we usually talk about is a very broad concept. In fact, the plasma sheath excited by high heat does not absorb all electromagnetic waves indiscriminately, but is non-uniform, dynamic and non-magnetic..."
"The pointed-nosed aircraft is different from the blunt-nosed aircraft. Its sheath is a layer of structure attached to the side wall of the aircraft. The thickness is only about 2-4 centimeters. In the direction perpendicular to the side wall, the electron density and collision frequency have produced a similar discontinuity. Therefore, for the shorter wavelength millimeter waves and longer decimeter waves, under certain conditions, they can be made to pass through the plasma layer by applying magnetic fields, etc., to achieve satellite or radar guidance..."
"..."
When Chang Haonan got to the end of his speech, there were only a few people still writing down their thoughts.
Most of the audience just watched him write and draw on the whiteboard.
Fortunately, although the process is a bit complicated, the conclusion is indeed very simple.
He has a way to make electromagnetic waves overcome black barriers.
Those who can sit in this room have had some contact with or understanding of manned space flight projects and know what blackouts are.
Therefore, Chang Haonan's move is almost a statement that overturns his worldview.
But with the previous content and his achievements in the past decade as a foundation, it doesn't seem so difficult to accept.
Not long after, a group of leaders started discussing the issue in front of Chang Haonan.
Now that the theoretical basis, overall configuration and research direction are in place, it is clear that only one element is left before the project can be launched -
Play money.
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