My system is not decent

To be honest, this is the first time Chen Wenzhe has seen blue and white porcelain from South Vietnam.

However, with his powerful memory, he knew very well what this fine South Vietnamese blue and white porcelain plate looked like.

This is the benefit of reading a lot, well-informed!

If an ordinary Chinese came here and saw such an exquisite blue and white platter, do they know what era and what historical period it was made in?

Chen Wenzhe can do it, he even knows that it was made in the fifteenth century.

Just looking at the outline of the trumpet-shaped lotus petal pattern on it, he knows that this is about the same production time as the Yamato Eighth Year (1450) inscription Tianqiu bottle of Topkapi Palace mentioned earlier.

Even the fineness of this plate is better than that batch of celestial ball bottles, and it looks more delicate.

However, this thing is not without flaws.

For example, there are 11 trumpet-shaped lotus petal patterns on the outside, one of which is a little cramped and seems forced.

Of course, this also shows that the drawing should not be done after the composition is decided.

Chen Wenzhe knew that this kind of South Vietnam blue and white plate can be divided into two categories, namely round mouth and flower mouth.

The latter is to use bamboo strips or fingers to press the flower mouth at the edge of the mouth, or to use a mold to make the flower mouth after wheel molding.

The edge of the mouth is slightly wavy, which is common in the types depicting decorative patterns and those with straight walls.

The previous blue-and-white double-bird dish is a round-mouthed dish, which belongs to the type with a slanted mouth and a deeper belly than other large dishes. This kind of deep-bellied large dish is extremely rare.

If you look closely, you can see that the rim of the plate with double bird pattern and the ring foot are exposed, and there is no white make-up soil at the bottom, and the transparent glaze is directly applied in the form of a vortex. .

Nanyue blue and white porcelain is coated with iron-containing mud in the ring foot, and then applied transparent glaze, which is called "chocolate bottom (rust bottom)".

And the situation that smears iron-containing mud with this vortex form, more.

像青花双鸟纹盘这样口径超过40厘米的南越青花大盘很少,大部分口径在35～40厘米之间，直径在40厘米以上的，现在发现存世的不到10件。

Moreover, these works with a diameter of more than 40 centimeters basically have exquisite decorations, and the color of red underglaze is also excellent, which belongs to the products of fine workmanship.

As we all know, with the increase of exports to Islamic countries in ancient China, there was a tendency to increase the size of ceramic products in the Yuan Dynasty.

Most of the Yuan and Ming blue-and-white porcelains collected in Turkey’s Topkapi Palace and the large plates of Longquan kiln celadon are 40-50 cm in diameter.

In addition to large plates, there are also many large-scale utensils such as Tianqiu vases that were first seen in the Ming Dynasty.

So far, it is still difficult to determine the size and form of the Nanyue blue and white plate, and whether there are certain specifications.

But at least as reflected in the Yamato Eight Years Tianqiu Bottle hidden in the Topkapi Palace, it shows that South Vietnam already had a strong consciousness at that time, and manufactured such products for the purpose of exporting to the Islamic State.

It can be seen that South Vietnam attaches great importance to the production of blue and white porcelain as export trade ceramics.

Looking carefully at the blue and white double bird plate in his hand, Chen Wenzhe was sure that it was produced in the 15th century.

However, through his research on the ornamentation, he found that the age of the object may be earlier than the Tianqiu vase with the inscription on it, which may be from 1425 to 1450.

Here I will talk about the historical situation of South Vietnam in the 15th century. From 1407 to 1428, South Vietnam was occupied by the army of Emperor Yongle of the Ming Dynasty and entered the rule of the Ming government.

Beginning around 1418, the anti-Ming activities by Le Loi and others intensified.

In 1427 (the second year of Xuande in the Ming Dynasty), the Ming army retreated from Vietnam. In 1428, Le Loi established the Le Dynasty (Da Viet Kingdom).

谷勘

It is still uncertain what kind of influence such political and social background had on the kiln production at that time.

But it is hard to imagine that this is a period when kiln production can develop steadily.

The Li Dynasty established diplomatic relations with the Ming government in 1431 (the sixth year of Xuande in the Ming Dynasty). In 1436 (the third year of Taizong Shaoping of the Li Dynasty), Ming Yingzong canonized Li Taizong, the son of Li Li (Li Taizu), as King Annan, and the relationship between the two countries was finally stable. .

After the Li Dynasty entered a certain degree of stability, it took less than 20 years to produce the Yamato Eight Years Ming Tianqiu Bottle.

As far as the expressive form of the peony pattern as the main pattern is concerned, this work is roughly the same type of utensil as the Tianqiu vase in Topkapi Palace.

There are several such artifacts found in other places.

For example, the peony vase handed down from the Ardabil Temple is also one of them.

There is also Neon Osaka, and it seems that I also have one in my collection.

This kind of thing should have been produced a lot back then, such as the four large plates in front of me, one of which is a peony plate.

This type of utensils is earlier than the utensils of the Ardabil Temple, and even the celestial vases of the Topkapi Palace.

Chen Wenzhe didn't expect that he would be able to discover the most representative classics of South Vietnam porcelain just by wandering around.

And when I found out, it was not one piece, but six pieces.

Not to mention the Tianqiu bottle and the polygonal bottle, but these four plates are very representative.

Even the inconspicuous blue and white double fish plate is not simple.

This 15th century blue and white dish with double fish pattern has a diameter of 38.5 cm, which is slightly smaller than other dishes.

But its production process should be handed down in one continuous line.

This large blue-and-white dish follows the fish and algae decoration of blue-and-white porcelain from the Yuan Dynasty. The composition of two carp circles, the brush strokes, the glaze color, and the arabesque pattern on the inside are similar to the double-bird pattern plate in the Osaka Museum.

At the same time, there is an arabesque pattern centered on peonies on the inside. The peonies are expressed in somewhat simplified forms, but they are similar to examples such as Topkapi Tianqiu vases.

Therefore, there should not be much difference in the production age of artifacts such as Osaka and Topkapi Tianqiu bottles.

Chen Wenzhe took a closer look at the four plates. Apart from the double-bird, four-bird, and double-fish pattern plates, the other one was a peony pattern plate.

These plates are all blue and white, and they are all large plates.

Dapan is a container used to hold soup or meals, and it was produced to suit the eating habits of the Yilan world, where people sit around and eat a plate of rice with their own spoons.

Among the overseas ceramics imported into the world of Yisi, it is also a particularly beloved type.

This is also confirmed by the Topkapi Palace in Turkey, Jingzhen blue and white porcelain handed down from Iran, and Longquan kiln celadon.

Chen Wenzhe is very familiar with blue and white, and he is no stranger to making large dishes.

As for the peony pattern, he does more, but he has never made blue and white peonies. He usually makes ruby ​​red peonies or glazed red peonies.

However, the large plate with blue and white peony patterns in front of me is also well made.

This 15th century blue and white peony dish has a diameter of 44 cm.

Such a large plate is exquisitely made, which shows that it has been put into effort.

This also proves that the blue and white porcelain firing technology of South Vietnam at that time was very exquisite.