My system is not decent

Copper rust is generally divided into two types, harmless rust and harmful rust.

Due to water immersion, soil burial and atmospheric erosion, the surface of the bronze gradually changed.

They formed a protective layer on the surface of the bronze, preventing it from further corrosion and adding to the bronze's quaint tone.

This is commonly known as "harmless rust".

People are born, aged, sick and die, and so are bronze wares.

The moment forged by craftsmen, for a living;

After the baptism of thousands of years, it is old;

Oxidize and rust over time, for disease;

When the copper rusts through the body and can no longer be repaired, the artifact dies.

The duty of the restorer is to "rescue" the sick bronzes.

There is a harmful rust called "bronze disease", which is green powdery rust.

It is characterized by green powder, loose crystals, which can be scraped off by nails, and dyed by hand.

This kind of rust can make the corrosion of metal continue to expand.

Eventually, this rust will cause the bronze to perforate, and even finally turn into a pile of rust powder.

In addition, this rust is highly contagious like a virus, and it is a "cancer" of bronze ware, which is extremely harmful.

You know, when this kind of thing was first discovered, there was no rule of law at all.

The bronzes that were almost stained were eventually corroded.

With the development of science and technology, it can be handled now, but it also needs to be careful.

Fortunately, it was discovered early, and it is still too late to deal with it.

Bronze rust removal is a technical task. In addition to mechanical stripping, the most effective way is to use 160 grams of fine wood chips, 60 grams of talcum powder, 240 grams of wheat bran, and then add 50 ml of vinegar to make a paste and apply it on the rusty surface. On copperware, after air drying, the copper rust will naturally come off.

Some rust layers are very firm and difficult to remove. You can use oil sludge to make long strips to surround the rusty areas. Use a dropper to drop the solution to soften and decompose the copper rust. Then use a knife to dig it out and rinse it with water.

It should be noted that sometimes it is not necessary to take a comprehensive rust removal method for utensils, but only some local treatment is enough.

Harmful rust, but it must be dealt with.

When dealing with harmful rust, care must be taken.

The development of harmful rust will cause the loss of utensils to gradually become serious and spread continuously. This phenomenon must be dealt with in time and stored in isolation.

Harmful rust is actually a chemical reaction that ultimately converts copper into copper ions.

If you want to prevent copper from being gradually converted into free copper ions, you must either prevent the bronze from contacting the oxygen and moisture in the air, or remove or isolate the chloride ions.

Bronze ware is originally used for collection and appreciation. If it is to be isolated from oxygen and moisture, it must be sealed and preserved.

In this way, the ornamental value will be lost. Therefore, to deal with such copper rust, the sticking method is generally used to remove the chloride ions in the bronze ware.

This method is born out of the traditional soaking method. It is easy to operate and has high precision in rust removal, which greatly reduces the technical difficulty requirements. It can preserve the copper itself to the maximum extent and avoid "restorative damage". Even ordinary collectors can try it.

Before using sticking method to remove harmful rust, you should first "scratch the bone to heal the wound".

First use sharp bamboo slices to remove the green powder from the harmful rust parts as much as possible.

This can shorten the sticking time and avoid the waste of liquid medicine.

The next step is to apply the cotton wool, immerse the cotton wool in the rust removal solution, after it is fully soaked, use tweezers to clamp out the cotton wool, and stick it on the part where the harmful rust occurs;

Then wrap the bronze ware in a plastic bag or plastic wrap to keep the cotton wool moist.

Take it out after 4 to 8 hours and rinse it with distilled or purified water, do not use tap water to rinse;

Afterwards, observe the rust removal situation. If there is any residue, repeat steps 1 and 2 several times until the harmful rust on the surface of the bronze ware is removed.

During this process, we must pay attention: the rust removal solution is an alkaline solution with a pH value of ≥ 8, which is corrosive to a certain extent. Do not get it on your hands. Please wear gloves when operating.

If it accidentally gets on the skin, rinse with water.

Harmful rust is not only formed on the surface of the bronze ware, it may seep into the copper body, corrode the inside of the bronze ware, and cause the bronze ware to perforate and break.

Therefore, the bronze ware that has been derusted should be put into the desalination solution and soaked for 1 to 2 weeks to avoid "fish that slipped through the net".

After soaking, clean the bronze ware with distilled water or pure water, and place it in a dry place for observation for 2-3 days.

If there is no harmful rust on the copper body, the next step can be processed;

If traces of harmful rust appear again, repeat the process of derusting—soaking in desalting solution until the harmful rust is completely removed.

Sealing and preservation is the last step to remove harmful rust. Clean the bronze ware with distilled or pure water, blow dry with a hair dryer or let it dry naturally, then use a brush to dip in the sealing solution and apply it evenly on the harmful rust.

Let dry before proceeding to a second time.

The specific number of times of application depends on the appearance change after application.

But also be careful not to smear too much on one part.

Too much smearing may cause the local bronze ware to be too sensitive to light, or even whiten, which will affect the viewing.

If you accidentally apply too much, you can use acetone solution to lightly brush the excessive parts several times, and then dry it in a ventilated place.

Under normal circumstances, the harmful rust parts of bronzes are often inconsistent with other parts in color, and holes may appear, which affects viewing.

Therefore, after the derusting work is completed, complementary color restoration can be carried out to improve the ornamental value of the bronze ware.

After a few steps, the harmful rust treatment of the bronze ware has been completed.

At this time, there is no need to keep it in a sealed package, and it can be displayed and appreciated at any time.

But it should be noted that the storage environment should be kept dry, and the temperature difference should not be too large.

When appreciating bronzes, you should wear professional chlorine-free pure cotton gloves and avoid touching them directly with your hands.

Looking at the exquisite bronze ware in front of him, Chen Wenzhe couldn't help feeling a little emotional.

This was made by ancestors more than 900 years ago. At that time, our ancestors were able to make such exquisite things.

In addition, they can also use very gorgeous language to record the major historical events that happened at that time.

It can be said that the bronze wares that originated from the beginning of Chinese civilization lasted for 5000 years.

From its birth to the present, each artifact has a piece of Chinese history and civilization engraved behind it.

This is particularly important, because he can provide evidence for the dating of the Xia Dynasty.

The restoration of cultural relics is not only to allow more people to appreciate the wisdom and creativity of the predecessors, but also to inherit the history of the nation, so that we have roots to look for and branches to rely on.

Knowing the prescription can find the way back, and only with sustenance can we seek development.

Waiting for everything to be done, half a month has passed.

At this time, Chen Wenzhe had already determined that the bronze vessel that had been completely repaired was another piece of Xianggong.

However, this one is better preserved, with more inscriptions inside.

Moreover, the inscription inside this piece is different from the one preserved in the previous museum.