My system is not decent

Ge kiln has opening pieces, and official kiln also has opening pieces.

Ge kiln has purple mouth iron feet, and official kiln also has purple mouth iron feet.

So in this history, is the official kiln and the elder kiln the same thing?

There is a belief that this is indeed the case, because in the pronunciation of Wu dialect in the south, northerners sound like officials and elders regardless.

Therefore, some people think that it is a kind of porcelain itself, which is the official kiln of Song Dynasty.

Because of the slight difference, they are artificially divided into two kinds of kiln mouths: official and brother.

There is also a second question, that is, some scholars believe that the Ge kiln was not created in the Song Dynasty, but in the Yuan Dynasty, and it is just an imitation of Song officials.

In other words, he believes that Geyao is something that people in the Yuan Dynasty imitated from the Song Dynasty.

Because the records of Ge Kiln are at the end of Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of Ming Dynasty.

At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, Kong Qi’s "Jing Zhai Zhi Zheng Zhi Ji": When Yi Wei Dong was in Hangzhou, there was a pottery in the city’s elder brother’s cave kiln. Although the quality was fine and new, its color was as bright and smooth as the old one. Those who knew it were suspicious and met Jingxi Wang Deweng also said that recently, Ge Ge Kiln is absolutely comparable to the ancient official kiln, so we must carefully distinguish it.

What did he mean?It is said that Yiweidong refers to 1355, the 15th year from Yuan to Zhengzheng.

When he was in Hangzhou, he bought such a fragrant tripod in the market.

It was a brother cave. It was not called Ge Yao at that time, but two words, brother cave.

It is said that although the quality of this incense tripod is new, its color is as bright and smooth as the old one.

That is to say, you look quite new, but still feel like the old one.

People who saw it felt very confused and confused.

Then when I met an old man named Wang Deweng, what did he say?

He said: "Recently, my elder brother's kiln is like an ancient official kiln, you have to distinguish carefully, you have to look carefully.

Then tell us from this information that he thinks Ge Kiln is an imitation product that appeared in the late Yuan Dynasty.

Of course, there is a reason why Ge Kiln has become a famous kiln in the Song Dynasty.

There are several reasons, the first point is the shape.

It is the Ge kiln we have seen, which is not much different from the shape of the official kiln.

I did not see a very special kind of Ge kiln, which exceeded the limitations of history.

For example, it is a modeling feature of the Yuan Dynasty, but it is a Ge kiln, so it has not been encountered.

The brother kiln I met.They are all consistent with the shape of the Song Dynasty.

The second point is the glaze color. The glaze color does not conform to the aesthetics of Yuan people.

Porcelain from Ge kiln, porcelain from official kiln, the glaze color of all porcelain does not conform to the aesthetics of Yuan people.

Besides, the background is different. People in Yuan Dynasty don't like to use celadon, and people in Yuan Dynasty prefer white and blue.

People in the Yuan Dynasty liked the feeling of galloping thousands of miles with gold and iron horses.

He didn't like the feeling of small bridges and flowing water of people in the Song Dynasty, so judging from this large social background, it is impossible for the Yuan Dynasty to copy the official kilns of the Song Dynasty.

Therefore, it is very unlikely that Ge Kiln is an imitation of official kiln.

Hundreds of years have passed, can we still find the shadow of Ge Kiln porcelain in the collection market?

If so, how authentic are they?

Ge kiln has a relatively large stock in the world.

Because in the early Ming Dynasty, there were imitation firings, which was the Xuande period.

Especially in the period of Yongzheng and Qianlong, a large number of firings began again.

So the Ge kilns we encounter now are mostly imitations of the Qing Dynasty.

Therefore, the identification of Ge kiln porcelain is still very important. First of all, Ge kiln wares must have the well-known "golden wire and iron wire" and "purple mouth and iron foot".

The former is the distinctive crack of Ge kiln, the large grain is "iron wire", and some are blue.

The small pattern in the middle of the large pattern is "golden thread", and some may not appear golden.

Large lines and small lines are collectively called "Mian Jun Po", which should be dense but not sparse, curved but not straight;

The latter is a more special fetal color revealed by Ge Kiln, but the two are often as incompatible as fish and bear's paw.

The porcelain body is full of glaze, with a "purple mouth" but no iron feet.

The iron feet should be the unglazed color of the tire itself.

The iron feet are a kind of black glaze artificially applied, and its authenticity is questionable, which is contrary to the record of "the feet are all iron-colored" recorded in "Sequel to the Seven Revised Classified Manuscripts".

Then there is the glaze color. Ge Kiln belongs to the celadon series, and the glaze color is green glaze, which varies in shades.

The glaze colors of Ge kiln include pink green, moon white, putty, blue and yellow.

Due to the kiln change, the glaze color mostly shows two or more colors, which is not caused by human subjective will.

There are two types of tires, porcelain tires and sand tires, with few patterns and no date.

Fetal colors are black gray, dark gray, apricot yellow, light gray and so on.

The glaze is not smooth, but there is a layer of light like ghee.

The enamel is dark, turbid and opaque, and the thickness of the glaze layer is uneven. The glaze on the bottom foot of the utensil dipped in glaze and fired vertically is the thickest, and some can reach 4 mm.

The firing method is firing with nails wrapped around the feet or cakes with ring feet, and the latter can clearly see the traces of the round cakes being fired.

Then look at the bottom feet, the bottom feet of Ge Kiln are also quite special.

The sole of the ring foot is narrow and flat, not thick and uneven, the inner wall of the foot is deep and long, and the outer wall of the foot is shallow and short, so it is difficult to lift it with fingers.

The next step is the most important and the most special feature of Ge Kiln, collecting beads and gathering balls!

This is the most important, most wonderful, most admirable, and most neglected feature of Ge Kiln, the so-called "collecting beads and gathering balls", also known as gathering foam and collecting beads.

Sun Yingzhou, the ancestor of the ceramic industry, has already mentioned it in his article "Appraisal of Yuan, Ming and Qing Porcelain".

"Ruguan and Ge's glaze bubbles are as dense as pearls... These are characteristics that are not easy to imitate, and can be used as a clue to divide the era."

Apparently, "Cuanzhu" refers to Ge kiln wares, the air bubbles in the glaze are as fine as small drops of water, which are all over the inner and outer walls or inner and outer bodies of the utensils.

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But Mr. Sun said it in a more general way. In fact, the bubbles in the glaze of the real Ge kiln are not only "zhuanzhu", but also a kind of "gathered balls" that are slightly larger than "zhuanzhu".

The ball is larger than the bead, which means that Ge Kiln has two kinds of bubbles of different sizes.

Its arrangement is not mixed and scattered, but rather neatly arranged together.

The number of bubbles in the polysphere is much less than that in the bead.

They are generally arranged in a circle on the inner wall of the utensil, like a thick ring.

"Collecting beads and gathering balls" is an indispensable and important basis for the well-deserved division of genuine and fake Geyao.

Porcelain of this grade should be most famous for a damaged plate.

On July 2011, 7, the ancient ceramics testing and research laboratory of the Palace Museum suffered damage to the cultural relics during the non-destructive analysis and testing of the green-glazed sunflower disc of the Ge kiln of the Song Dynasty.

After the accident, the Palace Museum set up an accident investigation team to thoroughly investigate the cause of the accident.

After repeated simulation tests and multiple expert demonstrations, a preliminary conclusion was drawn ten days ago.

It was determined that the main cause of the accident was due to the misoperation of the scientific research personnel in the laboratory, which caused the sample table to rise too far, causing the national first-class cultural relic celadon sunflower disc to be squeezed and damaged.

The damaged blue-glazed sunflower dish of Ge kiln in Song Dynasty is in the shape of six-petal sunflower.

It is covered with blue-gray glaze, the glaze surface is finely fragmented, and the exposed tires of the ring feet are dark brown.

This dish is elegant and generous in shape;

The lines are full of changes, which is a representative work of Ge kiln in Song Dynasty.