My system is not decent

The identification of some old porcelain can be observed by observing the bottom feet.

After all, the soles are hard to imitate, as some soles have black sesame spots.

Some of these sesame spots are said to be caused by the dirt in the sagger, and some say they are caused by the overflow of iron molecules in the fetal soil. The latter is more likely.

When the imitation product is fired, rust powder is directly sprinkled on the fetal soil. In this case, the sesame spots float on the fetal soil and it is too much.

Generally, in the middle of the bottom foot, there is an obvious yellow flint red on the ring foot, which is a typical characteristic of yellow clothes.

The air bubbles of Ji blue glaze are not very clear because of the light leakage.

It looks like real blue glaze bubbles from the Yuan Dynasty, and its shape and size are arranged like a necklace, which is very similar to the polyfoam beads of Song porcelain.

This arrangement of bubbles should be consistent with the bright red glaze of the Yongxuanshi porcelain of the Ming Dynasty, which is different from the blue and white glaze of the Yuan and Ming Dynasties.

The blue and white bubbles have a sense of layering, but they do not form polyfoam beads like a necklace.

Of course, due to the improvement of imitation technology, bubbles can only be used as a reference and not as the only standard.

All porcelain must be free of reference from the three sides of the glaze and color, and it must be combined with the background and cultural characteristics of the times to be perfect.

These are colored glazes, extended monochromatic glazed porcelain.

If the blue and white material is used alone, it is also a monochromatic glaze.

However, there are not many blue-and-white materials used alone, at least there are blue-and-white blue and white.

The white and blue alternates can better show the beauty of blue and white materials.

Others are combined with red glaze, which is blue and white underglaze red.

Combined with many glazes, it is famille rose, five colors, and bucket colors.

As for the color of the blue and white material, Chen Wenzhe has only now studied the mixture of Huiqing and Shiziqing.

According to historical records, Huiqing for the imperial use was paid tribute by ethnic minorities in the Western Regions. It is rare and beautiful.

The green material contains high manganese and is obviously purple.

Huiqing materials were mainly used in imperial kilns from the late Zhengde period to the early Wanli period.

During the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty, the use of green materials was more common.

The hair color of stone green material is more controversial.

That's why there is a record of "returning to the green line, and the stone is green and waste".

According to historical records, Jingzhen Kiln used pebble green material before using back green material.

Before the return of tribute green materials in the Xinjiang area, in the middle and late Ming Dynasty, mainly during the Zhengde period, stone green materials were mostly used.

After the green material is used, the green material and stone green material are used together later.

After that, another kind of Zhejiang materials emerged.

The reason why it is called Zhejiang material comes from its origin in Shaoxing, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and Jinhua.

Zhejiang materials are green in color, rich in color and elegant in color, and are the best products among domestic green materials.

From the mid-Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty to the early Qing Dynasty, the blue-and-white wares of Jingzhen official kilns all used this material.

The representative works of Zhejiang materials such as the blue and white rectangular box with dragon patterns of flowers and fruits, the blue and white goblets with halberds and flowers, and the blue and white long-necked bottles with figure patterns, etc., also came from this period.

In addition to this kind of domestic, there is also a controversial green material in China.

If it is used well, it will produce treasures, if it is not used well, it will be rubbish.

This is pearl material, which is produced in Yun Province.

This is a kind of domestic green material with bright and pure hair color, bright and clear.

This kind of green material is like Chinese ink painting, with distinct layers, which can be divided into five colors.

Have you ever seen ink painting?That's what it feels like!

It not only achieves the coexistence of multiple tones on the same piece of porcelain, but also creates various layers on the basis of flat painting to reflect the yin and yang.

This blue material is mostly used to describe the blue and white porcelain of the Kangxi period, so Kangxi blue and white is also known as multicolored blue and white.

Among them, the divine product in Kangxi, the blue and white green hair and blue blue and white flowers originated from this.

It is because of the use of high-quality pearl materials for hair color and firing that the blue and white emerald hair blue of Kangxi's divine product has long been produced.

Chen Wenzhe had studied this thoroughly before and imitated it.

What he made were all famous products during the Kangxi period, and those works were also representative works of pearl materials.

Generally, there are Kangxi blue and white pen holders with landscape patterns, Kangxi blue and white West Chamber Records large bowls, etc.

Like pearl materials, if you want to make it look beautiful, you must control the content of cobalt.

The content of cobalt is high, and the color is green and bright after firing.

Here, with the addition of chemical blue and white materials, the color of the blue and white materials can be considered complete.

Special attention should be paid here, the bottom width of many porcelains is also written with blue and white materials.

The ancient blue and white porcelain in my country is decorated with delicate and elegant paintings, and there are many kinds of inscriptions and patterns on the bottom of the porcelain. The inscriptions of each period have distinct characteristics of the times.

According to the form and type of blue-and-white porcelain inscriptions, it can be mainly divided into five categories: year-end, auspicious words, hall names, praises and decorative patterns.

On the blue-and-white porcelain, the inscriptions marking the firing age of the porcelain by writing, engraving, and printing are called chronological models.

The identification of ancient porcelain is mainly based on the calendar.

There are two types of chronological money: the year of the emperor's year, and the year of the year with the heavenly stems and earthly branches.

During the Yongle period of the Ming Dynasty, year-end models began to appear on blue and white porcelain.

The seal script font is elegant and smooth, and the border is decorated with lotus petal patterns.

The Xuanjing style is dignified and vigorous, while the Chenghua style has an iron-marked silver hook, and the glaze is cloudy.

The strokes of the Jiajing style are thick and heavy, with strong and hidden beauty.

It has been summed up before, and the predecessors have summarized the Ming Dynasty's dating money into five sentences: "There are many Xuande money, Chenghua money is fat, Hongzhi money is beautiful, Zhengde money is respectful, and Jiajing money is miscellaneous".

In the Qing Dynasty, the Kangxi inscriptions of the Qing Dynasty had neat fonts and bright blue and white materials.

The regular script of Yongzheng style is vigorous and powerful, and the format is exquisite.

Qianlong, Jia and Daoguang inscriptions are mostly in seal script, and the fonts are closely arranged, just like a seal seal.

Among the modern inscriptions, there are many "Xijiang Porcelain Company" inscriptions, which are elegant in regular script, and there is also an English inscription "a", which is a symbol of modern export porcelain and is the earliest English inscription used in blue and white.

There are very few dated models of blue and white porcelain in folk kilns, such as "made in the next year", etc., with sloppy fonts and casual writing.

Writing words and sentences with auspicious meanings is often seen on folk blue and white porcelain.

Most of the fonts are cursive, unrestrained and elegant, and completed in one go. Phrases such as "Fu Shou Kang Ning", "Longevity and Wealth", and "Wan Fu You Tong" express people's yearning for a happy life.

Write the name of the hall and person on the porcelain as a symbol of private collection.

There are "Yuyan Bookstore", "Ruoshen Collection", "Baiyuzhai" and so on.

Tang Ming porcelain is well-made and has a high collection value.

The praises express the ceramic art's love for porcelain, such as "Jade Treasures", "Present and Ancient Treasures", "Changjiang Beautiful Jade" and so on.

A four-character style like "Govadi Jade" is fresh and elegant, very interesting.

"Wa" is pottery, which has a longer history than porcelain and is the elder brother.

And porcelain is whiter and smoother than beautiful "jade", so "jade" can only be regarded as "brother".

Decorative style is also called "pattern style", which is decorated with simple patterns on the bottom, which is the characteristic style of folk blue and white porcelain.

The patterns include Bogutu, Dark Eight Immortals, Eight Auspicious and so on.

The "dried bean curd" in the decorative pattern has a diamond-shaped frame structure, just like a high-rise building in a modern building. It is a symbol of a folk workshop, also known as a "monogram".