My system is not decent

The difference between blue and white halos is easy to distinguish as long as you know how to do it.

In the Yuan Dynasty and the early Ming Dynasty, blue and white pigments contained more calcium.

This makes the anorthite crystals on the reaction layer develop particularly well.

Therefore, the high-temperature viscosity of the glaze near the reaction layer is reduced and the fluidity is improved.

Therefore, it is beneficial for the colorant to diffuse from the colored area to the non-colored area, resulting in halo phenomenon.

On the contrary, there are no blue and white flowers in the late Ming and Qing Dynasties.

In the identification process of blue and white, from whether the blue and white are faint or not, not only can we see that different blue and white production techniques and different blue and white pigments can also preliminarily identify the approximate age of blue and white.

Chen Wenzhe was so familiar with this thing that he couldn't be more familiar with it, so he just paid a little attention and passed it by.

He still remembered that what he was making at this time was not Yuan blue and white porcelain, but yellow glazed porcelain.

Compared with Doucai, Chenghua's yellow glaze is definitely not as good as Hongzhi.

However, Hongzhi yellow glaze is also inherited from the Chenghua period.

Therefore, as long as Hongzhi's classic yellow-glazed porcelain is imitated, it will be absolutely fine to imitate it into Huahuang glazed porcelain.

Of course, no matter which dynasty it is, as long as it is an official kiln, it is not so easy to imitate.

Like the Hongzhi official kiln, the reason why it is famous must have its own characteristics.

However, they can be regarded as being passed down in one continuous line, so they naturally have something in common.

For example, Hongzhi Dynasty porcelain is relatively similar to Chenghua in terms of shape and decoration style, and it is known as "Chenghong".

What has changed slightly is that Hongzhi has more types of cutters than Chenghua.

During the Hongzhi period, new objects such as animal ear bottles and gourd bottles appeared.

These new utensils are solid in shape and less delicate than Chenghua utensils.

The small utensils with thin tires like Chenghua have been greatly reduced, and the craftsmanship is not as exquisite as Chenghua.

However, the outstanding representative of Hongzhi official kiln - yellow glaze and yellow glaze blue and white ware, can be called the most famous color glaze variety in Ming Dynasty porcelain.

The firing of yellow glaze during the Hongzhi period of the Ming Dynasty reached the highest level in the history of low-temperature yellow glaze.

Moreover, Hongzhi poured yellow porcelain is a kind of wares specially made for the court.

No matter the size of the utensils, everything is fine.

That's why Hongzhi porcelain became one of the six precious wares of the Ming Dynasty.

These six precious wares are Hongwu Underglaze Red, Yongle Sweet White, Yongxuan Blue and White, Xuande Five Colors, Chenghua Doucai, and Hongzhi Watered Yellow.

Judging from the firing process, the type of firing vessels, and the number of firings, they are all models of yellow-glazed wares in the Ming Dynasty.

At this time, the yellow glaze is glazed on the white glazed porcelain or plain-fired astringent tires by pouring glaze, which is called "watering yellow".

Also known as "Jiao Huang" or "Chicken Oil Yellow" because of its delicate, elegant and bright glaze color, it has become one of the most famous ceramic varieties in Hongzhi single-color glaze.

The delicate yellow glaze is fired at 850-900c, and its stability is higher than other low-temperature glazes.

The transparency is high, so that the patterns engraved on the tire can be seen through the glaze layer.

In recent years, the price of yellow-glazed porcelain has risen and become highly regarded.

Especially the Hongzhijiao yellow glaze, which represents the highest level of yellow glazed porcelain, is even more valuable.

One is that Hongye Jiaohuang glazed porcelain has a regular shape, fine and clean trimming, and a white glaze on the bottom.

It is the same as Chenghua white glaze in the early stage, gray in the middle stage, and blue in the late stage, which is consistent with the bright blue color of Zhengde.

The second is that the bottom of the Hongzhi blue and white porcelain plate has a concave phenomenon, and most of the later imitations have a flat bottom.

Hongzhi utensils have low bottom feet and smooth ring feet, and the bottom feet of later imitators are slightly higher.

The third is the three dots of water in the character "Zhi" in the inscription. Generally, the real thing is lower than the character "Taiwan", and the three dots of water in the later imitation are flush with the character "Taiwan".

The fourth is the chicken oil yellow color of Hongzhi yellow glaze, which is extremely difficult to imitate.

Hongye yellow glaze was glazed twice, both of which are very fine, and the part where the edge meets the white glaze or white body is neat and natural, and the later imitators are more restrained.

It is yellowish-white when it is mature, and the imitation ones are mostly dark yellow.

After Hongzhi, yellow glaze was produced in successive dynasties. The Zhengde Dynasty inherited the tradition of Hongzhi, but the yellow color was emphasized, giving people a sense of maturity and prudence.

Jiajing Dynasty yellow glaze clusters range from light to deep yellow, and the glaze surface seems to be uneven.

It may be the glaze applied by the pen rubbing method, and there are also glazes with a smooth surface. It is estimated that the glaze was applied by the glaze blowing method.

During the Jiajing period, it was customary to paint red color on yellow glaze and yellow color on low-temperature red glaze.

Individual yellow-glazed ware with yellow glaze applied to the bottom foot, all of which are engraved with official marks.

Wanli yellow-glazed ware is less handed down, most of them are bowls, the yellow color is deep and deep, and there is no sense of delicate yellow.

During the Hongzhi period of the Ming Dynasty, the glaze surface of the Jiaohuang glaze was bright, elegant and pleasing to the eye, which was recognized as the highest level in history. Compared with the Jiaohuang glaze of the Xuande period, it was more refined and oily.

Moreover, the firing process is extremely demanding, and subsequent imitations simply cannot reach the level of Hongzhi's dynasty.

It can be said that there is no one before or after, so Hongzhi Jiaohuang glaze deservedly represents the highest level of yellow glaze porcelain!

Among the yellow-glazed porcelains of various dynasties in the Ming Dynasty, the Hongzhi period is the best.

Therefore, in the history of ceramics, it is often regarded as a typical yellow glaze in the Ming Dynasty, and it is called "Hongzhi Jiaohuang".

Its artistic achievement is the crystallization of the peak period of craft technology on the basis of the imperial kiln of Ming Dynasty and the continuous exploration of firing technology.

Because yellow glaze is the most strictly controlled glaze color by the royal family, especially during the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the imperial kilns were mostly provided exclusively for the royal family.

Therefore, it has a noble status and is an important variety of imperial kiln porcelain.

Hongzhi yellow glaze is mostly applied on plates and bowls.

The ring foot is shorter than Xuande and Chenghua.

And close to the bottom vessel, there is often a touch of lighter flint red at the junction of the tire glaze.

In addition, the bottoms of plates and bowls are mostly irregular depressions.

According to Mr. Feng Xianming's textual research, there is another obvious difference between Hongzhi yellow glaze and imitations of later generations.

That is the three-point water next to the character "Zhi" in the six-character Hongzhi yellow glaze, which is obviously lower than the character "Taiwan".

In fact, these are not the most important in imitation.

The most important thing is that there are some unique ingredients in Hongzhi yellow glaze ware.

Whether you want to imitate or not, you will know the difference from this unique ingredient!

For example, Hongzhi poured yellow, the glaze color of this kind of porcelain, viewed under a magnifying glass, you can see the oblique grain of Ru ware.

why?That's the reason for the unique glaze recipe.

It is also known from this that a certain proportion of agate powder must have been incorporated into the glaze.

Since glazing is a casting method, the phenomenon of glaze accumulation must exist.

Due to the superposition effect of the colored glaze, the accumulated glaze appears red and yellow.

Although Hongzhi's style is blue and white, perhaps because of the chemical reaction, the color of the style on the yellowing vessel is the same as the blue and white of malachite green, showing black and dark blue.

Because Hongzhi's fetal glaze is extremely fine, its style and color will not only not sink, but will bulge.

Hongzhi pouring yellow is a low-temperature device, but Hongzhi Daqi also has a high-temperature device.

But the yellow of the high temperature device is all reddish, and it is also extremely rare.

Hongzhi's yellow-glazed green dragonware is also very rare and unique.

Due to the fine quality of Hongzhi's tire and the incorporation of various gemstones and other precious elements, although it is extremely thin, it must be the sound of metal when struck.

Hongzhi poured yellow ware, the yellow color of the previous dynasties and later generations, it is Hongzhi's delicate and lovely.

True and false, this dynasty is still a tool for imitation, as long as they are put together, there is no need to speak, and it has its own conclusion.

(End of this chapter)