My system is not decent

To demonstrate that such a decrease in brightness can give observers a sense of "certainty," some researchers surveyed observers who observed a partial solar eclipse at sunrise in 1997.

However, all the observers are located in places where the brightness is reduced by less than 10%, and the observers in these places do not have the feeling of "the sky is changing again".

Or it is located in a place where the brightness is reduced by more than 80%, these places have the feeling of the sky.

From these data, the researchers concluded that "reductions in subjective brightness of more than 10% resulted in the perception of 'certain days'".

This conclusion is completely baseless. In fact, passing clouds can often cause a 25% reduction in subjective brightness...

In addition, the article also questioned the correctness of the calculation for this solar eclipse.

In addition, someone made a survey based on the "Eclipse Roadmap".

They found that during the solar eclipse on the morning of April 899, 4 BC, the western end of the solar eclipse belt was in Qilu Province, and it was impossible to see the sky in Xishan Province.

On the morning of October 871, 10 BC, the astronomical scene of Tianzaidan could be seen in Zhengdi.

"Archaeology" magazine published Zhu Fenghan's article "Yao Gonggui and Tang Bohou Yu Jin" by Zhu Fenghan in March 2007.

This article introduces the Western Zhou bronze Yaogong gui in private collections in the Xiangjiang area.

Its inscription reads: "Tang Bohou Yu Jin Weiwang Nianyouba Sacrifice".

The inscription is as follows: "The Duke (Yao) was his wife Yao Gui, and the king ordered Tang Bohou to be in Jin Dynasty, and only Wang Nianyouba offered sacrifices."

Judging from the shape of the gui and the characteristics of the inscriptions, it seems that the time of completion of the vessel may not be later than the middle part of the early Western Zhou Dynasty.

Then, the "Wang Er and Ba Si" of "Wang Ming Tang Bohou Yu Jin" should obviously be 28 years after Cheng Wang.

In view of the phase results of the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties, King Cheng was 22 years old and King Kang was 25 years old, both less than 28 years old.

Therefore, as soon as Yao Gong Gui came out, the results of the stage of the dating project were negated, and the reign years of King Cheng or King Kang had to be revised.

However, the inscription on Yao Gonggui cannot be used as the final evidence to overthrow the previous conclusion.

Because, after the Anshi Rebellion in the Tang Dynasty, the connection between the Tang Dynasty and the Western Regions was interrupted.

The recently unearthed relevant documents of the Tang Dynasty stationed in the Western Regions show that the change of the Tang dynasty and the change of the throne are not known in the Western Regions.

The information exchange in the Zhou Dynasty was far slower than that in the Tang Dynasty, and there were more factors hindering its information transmission.

Therefore, the length of the reigns of King Cheng and King Kang cannot be concluded based on this one thing alone, and more room for discussion should be left.

In fact, there are many such things, such as the famous dish, which also has historical controversies.

After all, the inscription on the plate records the history of the eight generations of the Shan family who served the Zhou Dynasty, assisted the Zuowen King to the twelfth generation of the Xuan King to fight and govern the country.

In the 42nd and 43rd years of King Xuan, he was appointed and rewarded by Wang Jiemian to make utensils.

It has been recorded for a long time, and many things are inconsistent with some of the results of our research.

This is actually very normal. In ancient times, transportation and communication were not well developed, and many information was wrong.

Or because of some reasons we don't know, it is normal for the era name to continue to be used.

Therefore, on January 2003, 1, after 9 bronzes with inscriptions were unearthed in Yangjia Village, Majia Town, Meixian County, Western Shaanxi Province, some experts said, "We call the dating project a staged result, and it seems to be right, otherwise it will Very troublesome."

In fact, these are not the most important, the most important thing is the existence of the Xia Dynasty.

The Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasty Dating Project not only believed in the existence of the Xia Dynasty, but also listed the lineage table of the kings of the Xia Dynasty.

Many Western scholars are skeptical about this.

In Western textbooks on ancient Chinese history, the Xia Dynasty is just a legendary dynasty, not a historical one;

The Shang Dynasty is considered to be the first dynasty in my country, because the oracle bone inscriptions prove the existence of Shang.

Therefore, some Western scholars criticize the "engineering", take Xia as the former dynasty of Shang for granted, and designate Erlitou as the capital of Xia. Under the current circumstances, the evidence is not sufficient.

From a comprehensive point of view, there are four main bases for scholars who support "engineering".

First, the west of Nanhe and the south of Xishan are the central areas of the Xia people believed by the Zhou Dynasty literature.

The Erlitou culture in this area is most likely the representative of the Xia culture;

Second, the foundation site of the palace was discovered at the Erlitou site, indicating that the state already existed.

Third, the results of carbon-14 dating show that the time of Erlitou culture is before the Shang Dynasty.

Fourth, since the Shang Dynasty discussed by Sima Qian has been proved to be a reliable history, then the Xia Dynasty he mentioned should also be a reliable history.

Some Western scholars believe that the activities of the Xia people discussed in the Zhou Dynasty documents are probably fabricated by the Zhou people for political purposes, and they cannot be completely believed.

Furthermore, the level of Erlitou culture is not enough to prove the occurrence of "civilization".

A generally precise civilization refers to a society with writing, cities, governments, and inequality between rich and poor.

Unless writing, bronze vessels, carts, etc., or any signs of civilization can be found in Erlitou, the basic dividing line between prehistoric and historical periods will still be Shang.

As for the credibility of Sima Qian's "Historical Records", an overseas scholar retorted that "Historical Records" also mentioned that the first king of Shang was conceived by his mother stepping on the footprints of a big bird.

As well as the supernatural actions of the Yellow Emperor, Yao, Shun, Yu, etc., can such records be regarded as reliable history?

In fact, it can be seen here that Chinese people and foreigners have different thinking and cultural foundations.

If it is a pure Chinese, is this a problem?

You must know that since Qin Shihuang, the emperors of all dynasties have said that they are the real dragon emperor!

They are all sons of heaven, and they are all dragons, so are they all fairy tales, and these histories are not credible?

It seems normal in our country to attach some great people to a great origin.

There are even some sages who, when they were born, had purple energy traveling thirty thousand miles east!

And such a reason can actually be used to explain things!

It can be seen from this that it is a joke for foreigners to appraise the history of China.

In this way, such discussions have continued.

In a meeting in 2003, the central issue of the discussion was always around the "engineering" of the Western Zhou Dynasty's geochronological research.

Many overseas scholars have questioned the conclusions of the "project" in oral and written forms.

Of course, the debate here is not all unreasonable and has ulterior motives.

For example, the theory of "dividing fields" came out late, probably after the formation of the states in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty.

In the Western Zhou Dynasty, there was a concept of "quail fire" matching Zhou, which is impossible.

Therefore, the theory that came out later cannot be used in the Western Zhou Dynasty.

Second, the word "Sui" in the inscription "Sui Ding Ke Wen Su You Shang" in the bronze vessel "Li Gui" is more likely to refer to "Nian" rather than "Sui Xing".

Third, the "engineering" denied 1044 BC, and chose 1046 BC as the astronomical basis for the Keshang era.

These are not in line with Wang Guowei's "four divisions" for the phases of the moon in bronze inscriptions.

The "four-point method" is generally recognized by scholars.