My system is not decent

Yellow is considered to be the color of the sun and the earth, such as the "Shiming" written by Liu Xi in the later Han Dynasty: "Yellow, swaying, still swaying, like the color of sunlight."

Xu Shen, a Confucian scholar and philologist in the Eastern Han Dynasty, wrote in "Shuowen": "Yellow is the color of earth."

It symbolizes the sunshine and land that can make all things grow, and is admired by people.

Unfortunately, with the evolution of the times, all this is gone forever.

Or back to jade huang, this kind of jade ritual vessel has been a symbol of women since the early Neolithic age, and is limited to personal accessories to reflect the symbolism of their social status.

After entering the Liangzhu period, cong, bi and ax began to go beyond the category of personal accessories.

At this time, jade huang became an important symbol of social power, marking the acceleration of the process of social complexity.

Of course, it also represents the status, rank and wealth of social members, and it also means that the status differentiation has obviously intensified.

When Cong and Bi, which symbolized male power, became popular, Huang, as a symbol of women, did not change much, indicating that the status of women had retreated to that of men.

With the decline of Liangzhu culture, whether it was Cong, Bi or Huang, all disappeared with the disintegration of the chiefdom society.

This shows that the social structure at that time has returned to a state of relatively simple hierarchical relations.

Although the shape and craftsmanship of some of these jade wares were later inherited by the complex society in the Central Plains, their symbolic and social significance was no longer comparable to that of the Neolithic Age due to the appearance of bronze ritual vessels.

Of course, even the bronze ware, which was valued by the ancient nobles and royal families, has become a treasure collected by modern people.

Chen Wenzhe couldn't get many bronze wares in China.

Besides, he was already very satisfied with the large batch he got before.

Unexpectedly, this time he got some jade ritual vessels in a pile of rough stones.

Although there are not many such jade ritual vessels here, they seem to exist from the Liangzhu Culture, to the Warring States Period, and to the Han Dynasty.

For example, the topaz pillar in front of me, or the topaz pig, is a typical thing of the Han Dynasty.

This piece of jade is very special, just like a thick and thin wooden pillar, except that one end of the pillar has the image of a pig's head.

Especially the long shut, you can tell at a glance that this is a jade pig.

However, its overall shape is indeed columnar!

I dug out all the small jades and searched carefully, and found that there are very few ancient jades.

In addition to the previous ones, there is also a topaz horse, and there are topaz eagle pattern owl head pattern Gui and topaz auspicious beast.

That topaz horse seems to be from the new era. At this time, Chen Wenzhe didn't have time to study it, so he just glanced at it, and let go of some simple information on the general level.

What he valued more must be a slightly more complex shape, such as this topaz eagle pattern owl head pattern Gui.

The first is the texture, which is okra yellow, which is a yellow that has been transformed from other yellows.

Topaz is from light yellow to deep yellow, with chestnut yellow, okra yellow and other colors.

From light yellow to deep yellow, the color of "Huang Mo Steamed Pear" must be the best.

The jade quality of this work is definitely not as good as the previous jade huang.

However, it is a gui and a kind of jade ritual vessel, just like the jade huang.

And it also has the most classic animal face pattern among this kind of ritual vessel.

This piece of jade is yellow with a tinge of ochre, so it goes without saying that it is another unearthed vessel.

Yugui is flat and thin as a whole, in a semicircular shape.

The middle part of the straight side is concave with an animal face, and the eyes are double rings.

It protrudes from the eye contour to form a double embossment, and the double eye circle is drilled with a pipe drill.

The outside of the eye circles is decorated with dense swirls, and the swirls are connected by multiple arcs.

The nose is rectangular, decorated with dense fretwork.

The wide mouth is slightly opened, and two fangs are exposed on each of the upper and lower teeth.

It is decorated with dense linear patterns, with a protruding and side-viewing animal face pattern at each end.

In addition to the animal face pattern, it is also decorated with swirl patterns, cloud patterns, and fretwork patterns.

Among them, the upper limbs connected to the animal face are faintly discernible, resembling human arms, and the back is engraved with Yin lines.

This device skillfully uses techniques such as embossing and pipe drilling.

The ornamentation is exquisite and complicated, which is rare in Neolithic jade.

As one of the four main colors of Hetian jade, topaz is crystal clear, soft as fat, delicate and moist.

In one day, topaz is proud of its yellow color, and its moistness like fat makes it worth a lot of money. It is rare and rare, and it is a treasure among jades.

If you can still have a good job, it will double the value.

When it comes to topaz, many friends who know jade may find it very familiar, and there is nothing special about it.

In modern society, will there still be a shortage of topaz?

Besides, I forgot early in the morning, there is no such thing as a dynasty, and there is nothing precious about things that anyone can play with, right?

In fact, no matter what period, no matter what color jade, as long as it is of good quality, it is all scarce.

This is not nonsense, even Chen Wenzhe's thinking is a bit conservative.

The real situation is that as long as there is yellow jade in the market, it is very rare.

No matter the quality is good or bad, topaz, one of the four hotan varieties, has never been abundant.

That matter has been mentioned, why is there no shortage of topaz in the market?

After all, friends who have been playing with jade for a long time, who hasn't seen a few pieces of "topaz" that are yellow in color?

But the fact is on the contrary, topaz is really rare, almost all the topaz seen by ordinary people are dyed.

The dyeing mentioned here is not necessarily fake, it may also be natural dyeing, such as coloring!

Let’s talk about the Yugui before, it’s okra yellow.

Topaz of this color, as long as it is an expert, can be seen at a glance.

However, few people know how this okra yellow came from!

If you are not a pure expert, I am afraid you don’t know that there is a common saying in the circle of ancient jade collectors, which is “a thousand-year-old jade turns into okra”.

What does that mean?In fact, the meaning is very simple, it should refer to the phenomenon of ancient jade pulping.

As long as there is this phenomenon, the color of jade will inevitably change.

Of course, it may not necessarily turn into okra yellow, but such a phenomenon is not uncommon.

Friends who have eaten okra will remember that there is a pulp in okra, which is slippery to the touch and slightly sticky.

This is very similar to the phenomenon of ancient jade meeting water, that is, the phenomenon of spitting slurry when meeting tide.

As long as you get acquainted with the ancient jades before the Tang and Song Dynasties in China, you should encounter some. It can be said that there are almost no exceptions, and there is a phenomenon of vomiting.

However, after the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the phenomenon of spitting out jade wares was not so obvious.

It is even rarer for new jade to spit slurry when it encounters water.

Judging from the characteristic of spitting pulp, it is more appropriate to say that the thousand-year-old jade has turned into okra.

But this does not mean that this sentence is the truth, because the environment in which ancient jade is buried will definitely cause different changes in the color of ancient jade.

When Chen Wenzhe thought of this, he was naturally not concerned about why ancient jade turned okra yellow, but thought that among jade, especially jade that had been placed for a long time, it would change color.

This directly determines that the number of topaz jade wares handed down is actually less, because a large part of them are not topaz at all.