My system is not decent

Chen Wenzhe's foundation is too solid and his self-confidence is too strong, so he believes that even if it is a trial fire, his success rate is higher than that of the ancients.

Therefore, Chen Wenzhe couldn't use defective materials to try.

If it can be successful in one go, and the success rate is still very high within one kiln, how much would he feel satisfied if he succeeded in using inferior materials?

In addition, although inferior materials and top-quality materials are essentially the same, subtle differences may determine the success or failure of firing.

Therefore, even if it is a trial firing, it must be the most suitable material to use, so that the firing can be considered a real success.

Because of these ideas, the raw materials used by Chen Wenzhe are all high-quality raw materials imported from China at high prices.

If the firing fails, the loss is quite large, not to mention the time he wasted, but the raw materials of these porcelains are worth a lot.

That is to say, if he has money, he can also have some other windfalls, otherwise, he will suffer a lot if he burns the kiln like this.

As for the windfall, it must be other red-glazed porcelain.

Chen Wenzhe is learning and firing at the same time. During this process, he not only fired Ru kiln porcelain, but also fired various characteristic plum vases and bile vases.

And in the process of learning, especially in the process of learning to fire Chinese red porcelain, he can say that he has learned all the red glazed porcelains of the past dynasties!

Especially for the understanding and firing of red glaze, he has reached a peak level.

This kind of red porcelain that uses copper-containing substances as a colorant and is fired in a reducing flame is called copper red glaze.

However, the firing of red-glazed porcelain from different dynasties is really different.

Moreover, unlike celadon, which uses iron as the colorant, the firing process of copper as the colorant is more difficult.

If the temperature and firing atmosphere are not well controlled, the copper will turn black, green or volatilize without showing color.

Of course, this is a bad thing, but by mastering the rules of primary color and color development, porcelain can be fired into green here, which is kiln transformation.

It is through this little information that Chen Wenzhe keeps summarizing and learning, and at the same time perfects the manufacturing process of various porcelains.

Now as long as he makes a glaze color, he must be familiar with it and make it from beginning to end.

Just like red glaze, when it first appeared, there were many debates in the industry.

Some say the Tang Dynasty, some say the Song Dynasty, no matter when it first appeared, the truly pure and stable red glaze was not really created and fired until the early Ming Dynasty.

It was at this time that various red glazes began to appear.

There are many styles of red glaze, such as alum red, rouge water, rouge water, coral red and so on.

These red-glazed porcelains are bright in color and smooth and bright in appearance.

According to the color, they are called ruby ​​red, Ji red, cowpea red and Langyao red.

According to its development status, Yongle Scarlet Red, Xuande Ruby Red, Jiajing Fanhong, Kangxi Langyao Red and Cowpea Red are more famous.

Ming and Qing red-glazed porcelain can be divided into two categories,

One is bright red glazed porcelain

, This is what we commonly call ruby ​​red glaze.

The bright red glaze porcelain belongs to the underglaze color, and the names are different, such as ruby ​​red, Xuanshao, drunk red, bright red, sacrificial red, Jihong, Jihong, Jihong and so on.

Especially in the Ming Dynasty, its red-glazed porcelain was extraordinary.

The characteristics of Yongxuan bright red glazed porcelain are that the glaze layer does not flow or crack, and the tone is solemn, solemn, deep and stable.

Due to the vertical flow of the glaze layer, the edges and protrusions of the porcelain mouth are exposed white, commonly known as "Dengcaokou".

The body and glaze of Yongle red glaze ware are relatively thin, and the color is bright and bright.

The body and glaze of Xuande vessels are thicker than that of Yongle, and the thickness of the glaze layer is about twice that of Yongle.

In recent years, Zhushan in Jingzhen has unearthed a Xuande plum vase with bright red glaze and dark flowers.

The glaze of this kind of plum vase has a slight flow, but it is not enough, and the edges of the feet are neat.

The glaze on the foot and the edge of the ornamentation are blue-gray in the red, which is the unique color of "back of green shrimp" in Xuande.

As for Xuande red glaze wares, there are two types of inscriptions: blue and white double circles under white glaze and double circles with dark engravings.

Among the red-glazed wares of the past dynasties, only the Xuande red-glazed porcelain has the strongest jade texture. If the red-glazed wares are well fired, they will be as beautiful and charming as rubies.

The red glaze recipe in the Ming Dynasty contained bright red clay, but by the time of Jiajing, the bright red clay had been exhausted, so it could only be changed to alum-red ware.

Therefore, Tian Yiheng, a man of the Ming Dynasty, recorded: Xuande is the most precious, and now it is the enemy of you, and Yongle and Chenghua also value it.

The price of Xuande official kiln porcelain in the late Ming Dynasty was close to that of Song Dynasty famous kiln porcelain.

It shows that the sacrificial red that appeared in the reign of Dai Yongxuan was delicate but not gorgeous, with purple in the red, deep and stable color.

The ancient royal family used this red-glazed porcelain as a sacrificial vessel, hence the name Jihong.

Due to the great difficulty of firing and the low yield, the price is extremely high.

It can be said that the ancients spared no expense when making sacrificial red porcelain.

Materials such as coral, agate, cold water stone, beads, firing materials and even gold are used, but the firing rate is still very low.

It turns out that the firing of "Sacrifice Red" is an "art of fire". That is to say, even if there is a good recipe, if the firing conditions are not good, there will often be cases where all the kiln wares become waste products.

Therefore, there is a saying that "one treasure is rare for a thousand kilns, and nine out of ten kilns are impossible".

This is talking about bright red glazed porcelain, in addition to this kind of glazed red porcelain.

Underglaze red porcelain belongs to underglaze color, and the color is mostly dark red.

It had its embryonic form in the Tang Dynasty and flourished in the Yuan Dynasty.

Mainly use copper as the coloring agent, paint patterns on the porcelain body, cover with transparent glaze, and fire in a high-temperature reducing atmosphere.

From the Yuan Dynasty to the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty, due to the difficulty of controlling the firing temperature, the color of the fired underglaze red was often unstable, and there were often green moss spots and burning black.

It was not until the Yong and Qian Dynasties that the kiln temperature could be better controlled, and most of the underglaze reds fired were pure red.

Of course, during the Ming Dynasty, the firing technology of underglaze red porcelain was already well mastered, and a large number of fine works were produced.

However, in the end, due to the color of underglaze red, the requirements for its firing temperature and atmosphere are very strict. Therefore, underglaze red porcelain in Ming Dynasty did not develop as rapidly as blue and white porcelain, but was limited to a small amount of production, so it was handed down from generation to generation. There are fewer works.

Among the red glazes of the Ming Dynasty, the most successful ones are Yongle bright red glaze and Xuande Ji red glaze.

The alum red glaze created and fired in the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty belongs to the low-temperature glaze using iron as the colorant, and does not belong to the scope of copper red glaze.

The Xuande Dynasty was the most glorious period for the production of red glaze wares in the Ming Dynasty.

The porcelain materials used after that can still be found if you want to look for them now. After all, some porcelains no longer use hemp warehouse soil.

And the bright red clay for firing ruby ​​red glaze has also been replicated with the power of modern technology.

Leaving aside whether it is the same as the one used in the Ming Dynasty, at least the effect is very good.

This is also because Chen Wenzhe's influence has become stronger and stronger recently. Otherwise, relying on Yi Nian Tang and Li Jinli, he really wouldn't be able to buy this top-quality material.

It is also because of this that Chen Wenzhe can start from Xuande to imitate the Hong glazed porcelains of the past dynasties. After all, he also made the best material of Xuande red, bright red clay.