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Chapter 063 The difference between the two types of orbits

When its fuel is exhausted, it will be impossible to maintain its previous orbital position and the satellite's service life is over.

Generally speaking, when a satellite's propellant is exhausted, its transponder and other systems on the satellite can still function normally.

If north-south position keeping control is discontinued, some satellites can continue to operate in inclined orbits (with their subsatellite points drawing a figure-eight pattern centered on the equator).

Alternatively, the satellite orbit can be raised to a "grave" orbit and disposed of.

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In fact, geosynchronous orbit and geostationary orbit are not the same thing. They have similarities but also major differences.

Geosynchronous orbit and geostationary orbit are artificial earth satellite orbits with the same operating period (23 hours, 56 minutes and 04 seconds).

There are three differences between these two tracks:

First, there are differences in orbital inclination angles.

The geostationary orbit is a circular geosynchronous orbit with an orbital inclination (the angle between the orbital plane and the equatorial plane) of zero. That is, the geostationary orbit must be on the equatorial plane; and the geostationary orbit plane can form a non-zero angle with the equatorial plane.

Second, observers see different phenomena.

Satellites operating in geosynchronous orbit pass through the same place in the sky at the same time every day. To observers on the ground, the satellites appear in the same direction at the same time every day.

A satellite can be in motion relative to an observer over a continuous period of time.

Satellites operating in geostationary orbit are over the same place at any time every day. Ground observers see that the satellite is always at a certain position and remains stationary.

Third, the nadir trajectory is different.

The projection point of an artificial earth satellite on the ground (or the intersection point between the satellite and the earth's center line and the ground) is called the subsatellite point.

The motion of the satellite and the rotation of the earth cause the subsatellite point to move on the earth, forming a subsatellite point trajectory.

The sub-satellite point trajectory of a geosynchronous satellite is a figure-eight closed curve, while the sub-satellite point trajectory of a geostationary satellite is a point.

Geostationary orbit environment geosynchronousorbitenvironment The space environment of the geostationary orbit region.

The geostationary orbit is a highly dense area of ​​communication satellites. It is located in the near-equatorial area about 6.6 Earth radii from the center of the earth.

The space environment in this area is mainly composed of high-energy particles other than the gravitational field, thermal plasma, plasma layer plasma, ring current, magnetic field, solar electromagnetic radiation, meteoroids and space debris.

The geostationary orbit area is an area where the earth's space environment is seriously affected by solar activity. When strong solar wind arrives, the magnetosphere is compressed, and the geostationary orbit area is completely exposed to solar cosmic rays and high-speed solar wind.

During magnetic storms or substorms, high-temperature plasma injected from the magnetotail can also reach this area, making this area a high-risk area for space environment-induced spacecraft anomalies, in which high-energy particle (including solar proton events) environment and substorm injection The thermal plasma environment is the most important environment causing anomalies and is the area with the most serious spacecraft charging problems.

This is why Zhou Wenwen feels very headache when doing it.

Although Zhou Wenwen, who is protected by divine power, should not be afraid of these things at all, the communication satellite in his hand is not that hard at all and is very easy to destroy.

Communication satellites are satellites that serve as radio communication relay stations.

It is like an international courier, collecting various "letters" from the ground and then "delivering" them to users in another place.

Because it "stations" at an altitude of 36000 kilometers, its "delivery" coverage is particularly large. One satellite can be responsible for communications on 1/3 of the earth's surface.

If three communication satellites are evenly placed in geostationary orbit, global communications can be achieved except for the North and South Pole.

When a satellite receives a weak radio signal from one ground station, it will automatically convert it into a high-power signal, and then send it to another ground station, or to another communication satellite, and then to another place on the earth. On one side of the ground station, you can receive signals from far away.

Communication satellites generally adopt geostationary orbit, which is located 35786 kilometers above the earth's equator.

The satellite rotates around the earth from west to east at a speed of 3075 meters per second in this orbit. The time it takes to orbit the earth once is 23 hours, 56 minutes and 4 seconds, which is exactly the same as the time it takes for the earth to rotate once.

Therefore, when viewed from the ground, the satellite appears to be hanging in the sky and does not move, which makes the work of the ground receiving station much more convenient.

The antenna of the receiving station can be fixedly aligned with the satellite, allowing uninterrupted communication day and night. It does not have to "sway" around like tracking those erratic satellites, making the communication time intermittent.

Communication satellites have assumed all intercontinental communication services and television transmission.

Communication satellites are one of the earliest and most widely used satellites in the world. Many countries have launched communication satellites.

On April 1965, 4, the United States successfully launched the world's first practical geostationary communications satellite: Intelsat 6.

So far, this type of satellite has developed to the eighth generation, and each generation has made certain improvements in terms of size, weight, technology, communication capabilities, and satellite life.

The communication satellites of the former Soviet Union were named "Lightning", including Lightning 1, 2, 3, etc.

Due to the vast territory of the former Soviet Union, most of the "Lightning" satellites are not in geostationary orbit, but in an elliptical orbit with a large eccentricity.

China's first geostationary communications satellite was launched on April 1984, 4, named "Dongfanghong 8". So far, six satellites have been successfully launched.

These satellites have successively undertaken radio and television signal transmission, long-distance communications and other tasks, and have played a huge role in the construction of the national economy.

Having said that, after Zhou Wenwen put in a lot of effort to install the 6 communication satellites and base stations, he refused to get them. Except for the follow-up maintenance, which was done once when the Guardian Platform was sent to the sky, he never did it again. Forget it, leave it all to the Doomsday Palace.

So, what is the Guardian Platform?

The structure of this platform is the same as that of the Star Palace. It is a mobile platform used by the knights of the Palace of Doom when fighting external battles. If the battle is unfavorable, the knights on the mobile platform can "fall from the sky" to support operations on the ground.

But this thing is of no use to Zhou Wenwen. What he needs is a powerful thug!

After Zhou Wenwen used a little energy and a lot of metal resources to repair this thing, he fully expected it to be a powerful thing, but when he got this result, he was naturally furious.

Zhou Wenwen was furious and prepared to personally destroy this useless thing. In order to save his former subordinates, the Doomsday Palace quickly awakened the Guardian Platform, but found the treasure on the Guardian Platform.

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To be continued

Chapter 064 Preview of magic net, knight, and fighting spirit