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Flash point: 202.243c.

Refractive index: 1.362.

Storage conditions: 28c.

Chemical properties:

It is the most widely distributed monosaccharide in nature.

Glucose contains five hydroxyl groups and one aldehyde group, and has the properties of polyol and aldehyde.

It easily decomposes when heated under alkaline conditions.

Should be kept airtight.

It is rapidly absorbed after oral administration and is utilized by tissues after entering the human body.

1 mol of glucose releases 2870 kj of energy after complete oxidation reaction in the human body. Part of this energy is converted into 30 or 32 molatp, and the rest of the energy is emitted in the form of heat energy to maintain the body temperature. It can also be converted into glycogen or fat for storage through the liver or muscles.

1分子中的醛基，有还原性，能与银氨溶液反应：ch2ohchoh4cho2agnh32oh水浴加热ch2ohchoh4coonh42ag3nh3h2o，被氧化成葡萄糖酸铵。

2The aldehyde group can also be reduced to hexanehexanol.

3 There are multiple hydroxyl groups in the molecule, which can cause esterification reactions with acids.

4葡萄糖在生物体内发生氧化反应，放出热量c6h12o66o2氧气6h2o6co212h2o能量。

5 Glucose can be produced by hydrolysis of starch under the catalysis of enzyme or sulfuric acid.

6植物光合作用：6co26h2o叶绿素、阳光催化c6h12o66o2。

7 Reaction equation of glucose and newly prepared copper hydroxide:

ch2ohchoh4cho2cuoh2加热>ch2ohchoh4coohcu2o2h2o。

8 Glucose decomposes into water and carbon dioxide under certain conditions.

9麦芽糖的水解：c12h22o11h2o催化剂2ch2ohchoh4cho。

10淀粉和纤维素水解：c6h10o5nnh2o催化剂nch2ohchoh4cho。

Glucose preparation method:

1. The sugar aqueous solution obtained by partially hydrolyzing edible corn starch with food-grade acids and enzymes is purified and concentrated. Due to different degrees of hydrolysis, the amount of d-glucose contained can vary greatly. Those made from corn starch are called "corn syrup".

2. Glucose can be obtained by hydrolyzing starch with hydrochloric acid or dilute sulfuric acid. It can also be made from starch as raw material under the action of starch glucoamylase.

Glucose isomers:

Psicose, allulose; fructose; sorbose; tagalose; inositol.

Chiral isomers of glucose:

allose; altrose; mannose; gluose; idose; galactose; talose.

Glucose optical isomers:

ad Glucofuranose.

βdglucofuranose.

adglucopyranose.

βdglucopyranose.

Glucose storage:

Under dry conditions, glucose has good stability and aqueous solutions can be autoclaved.

Overheating can cause a drop in solution pH and caramelization.

Glucose bulk products should be stored in dry, low-temperature sealed containers.

Glucose verification aldehyde group:

Glucose verification:

1 The glucose solution reacts with the newly prepared copper hydroxide suspension to form a brick red precipitate. When the concentration is high, a yellow precipitate is formed

ch2ohchoh4cho2cuoh2加热ch2ohchoh4coohcu2o2h2o。

Note: 1. The newly prepared 2cuoh2 suspension should be prepared as soon as possible and should not be left for a long time.

Chapter 155 Preview: Looking for Glucose 3