Homo sapiens.

According to different types, the reproductive kernel of nitrogen algae can be divided into male and female. That is to say, nitrogen algae has sex.

When they reproduce, it is also very simple. The neutral skin of the male nitrogen algae will gradually become positively charged, while the neutral skin of the male and female nitrogen algae will become negatively charged, and then attract and pair with each other.

This is a general skill of the nitrogen algae family.

Obviously, this is a reproduction method tailored to local conditions. After all, this is not the earth. Nitrogenous algae do not have enough resources, and they cannot just spray their daughters in the atmosphere. Otherwise, cosmic rays and high-energy particles will kill most of the daughters, and cause Severe genetic mutation.

But that's not the most amazing thing.

The most amazing thing about nitrogen algae is that their male and female reproductive cells are the same type, and both male and female reproductive cells have 11 pairs of chromosomes intact.

When they enter the state of reproductive union, the male and female germ cells will fuse together, then form a diploid, and then complete the division to form a new haploid, that is, the birth of a daughter.

The daughter body builds its own nitrogen algae body between the male and female nitrogen algae, and the daughter body absorbs the nutrients of the mother body, but when the body grows to about one-twentieth of the mother body, it can break away from the mother body and become a brand new nitrogen algae.

Under normal circumstances, the nitrogen algae parent body can only reproduce 22 to 25 offspring, and then it will die completely.

And these nitrogen algae sporophytes can mature, less than one-tenth.

What Bai Yulou is more curious about is the coping mechanism of nitrogen algae to individuals with genetic mutations. Normally, the germ cells of nitrogen algae have relatively strong self-repair ability. If the gene damage is too serious, the mother will automatically trigger the self-eating mechanism, which will That part of the germ cells that have lost their reproductive value is digested.

This is an ability that humans do not currently have. To be precise, it is an ability that human men do not have. Human female germ cells have a certain self-repair ability, but male germ cells cannot repair themselves.

In order to solve the problem of genetic damage in male germ cells, Homo sapiens has also organized quite a few research topics, including drawing on the self-repair ability of female germ cells. Unfortunately, the huge difference between male and female germ cells has led to no way to solve it.

However, the reproduction mode of nitrogen algae now has certain reference significance for human beings.

Bai Yulou even discovered a blind spot.

That is "neutralization". Although the problem of men and women in the Homo sapiens company is not serious, there are still hidden dangers in the differences in the physiological structure of the two parties.

If one day in the future, men and women can reproduce without differences in physiological structure, then there will be no difference between men and women.

After all, there is no obvious individual difference between nitrogen algae. The reason why the germ cells of the two are divided into male and female is mainly to facilitate pairing and reproduction.

Under certain conditions, the sex of nitrogen algae can be transformed into each other.

Chapter 593 Submarine

Bai Yulou and others are familiar with scientific research work.

At this time, in the industrial area of ​​the Yungong base, a "submarine" was in the final finishing work.

This is a specially made submarine, mainly to deal with the terrifying high temperature, high pressure, strong wind and corrosive gas on the surface of Venus.

You must know that the air pressure on the surface of Venus can reach nearly one hundred times the standard Earth's atmospheric pressure, the temperature is maintained at 400-500 degrees Celsius all year round, the wind speed is about 200 meters per second, and it is densely covered with various corrosive gases.

What is purgatory?

This is purgatory.

None of the small probes sent to the surface of Venus lived past six months.

This time, the Yungong base plans to build a large submarine with a length of 500 meters and a diameter of 60 meters. Many vacuum carbon balls are installed inside the submarine.

In order to resist the extremely harsh environment on the surface of Venus, the submarine shell uses a composite ceramic layer and a high-temperature-resistant alloy layer, which can withstand a high temperature of 5500 degrees Celsius without melting the shell. It can also resist 500 standard atmospheric pressure and is also very corrosion-resistant.

In addition, a layer of gold-based thermoelectric material is added to the shell composite layer, which can continuously absorb the surrounding heat energy and continuously convert the heat energy source into electrical energy.

Obviously, this plan is adapted to local conditions and makes full use of the high temperature on the surface of Venus.

If the temperature and high-pressure air of 400-500 degrees Celsius are not used, it will be wasteful.

After finishing the finishing touches, five synchronized robots entered the cockpit and sealed the hatch completely.

"Open the floodgate!"

"receive."

In the shipyard in the industrial area, the internal hatches were closed tightly, and then the door to the outside world was slowly opened.

A large amount of carbon dioxide and other gases rushed into the dock of the shipyard, but since all synchronous robots have been evacuated to a safe area, the remaining submarines need not worry.

Although synchronous robots do not need to breathe, the corrosive gases in the atmosphere of Venus can easily damage the robot's parts and sensors. The cost of these synchronous robots is not cheap, so it is necessary to avoid unnecessary losses as much as possible.

Inside the submarine cockpit.

Foucault, the operator behind the synchronous robot, and Fujita Atsushi, Huang Wei and others immediately controlled the submarine to take off.

In fact, this is the same principle as the airship. At this time, the vacuum carbon balls of the submarine are still filled with carbon dioxide. With the start of the vacuum pump, the carbon dioxide concentration in the vacuum carbon balls gradually decreases, and the submarine floats a little bit.

The propellers push the submarine out of the dock.

When the submarine flew out of the gate of the dock and came into the sky.

"Start inflating," Foucault ordered.

"Yes." Huang Wei nodded, and he activated the carbon dioxide collector on the hull of the submarine to suck the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere back into the vacuum carbon ball.

As the vacuum carbon balls are filled with carbon dioxide, the buoyancy of the submarine also decreases synchronously, and the decrease in buoyancy will naturally cause the submarine to descend.

In less than five or ten minutes, the submarine descended from a height of about 10 kilometers to an area less than 52 meters from the ground.

At this time, the strong winds on the surface of Venus and the terrifying atmospheric pressure made the submarine feel the pressure. If the high-strength shell was not used, such terrible pressure would be enough to crush ordinary detectors.

Crimson Purgatory.

Corrosive acid mist.

Wan Jun high pressure.

[-]-meter wind.

A huge ship is fighting for the ferry here.

If there were intelligent beings here, this scene would become a myth.

Unknowingly, Homo sapiens has become very powerful, and various technologies are constantly expanding the living space of human beings.

Through a special observation periscope and high-power searchlights, you can see the surface of Venus.

There are weathered landforms formed by magmatic rocks everywhere, which look a bit like Yadan landforms. The strong wind is mixed with fine stones and sand, constantly hitting the hull of the ship.

But that's not the goal here.

Because this place has been explored once before, there is no place worth studying.

Foucault looked at the holographic map, then adjusted his flight direction and flew towards the south pole of Venus.

The topography of the surface of Venus is mainly flat land, there are also some basins, and a large mountain range with the highest peak in the solar system on the mountain range.

On the South Pole side, several detectors that were launched before failed and failed to reach the South Pole.

During the flight, the terrible gust of wind disturbed the submarine, so that the submarine had to allocate part of its power to correct the flight direction and avoid the flight direction being deviated by the gust of wind.

Fortunately, the surface of Venus is like a big furnace. Submarines can continuously obtain electricity through gold-based thermoelectric materials.

Looking at the flat surface, Foucault knew very well that the surface of Venus was not born as an airport, but was ground into needles by the strong wind.

Those magmatic mountains formed by volcanic eruptions are difficult to resist the weathering and corrosion of strong winds and acid mist.

Suddenly the alarm system sounded.

[alarm!There is a large-scale thermal energy reaction in front of the monitoring, and a moderate volcanic eruption has occurred, please avoid it in time...]

Foucault quickly adjusted his flight direction, bypassing the core area of ​​the volcanic eruption.

The magma activity of Venus is very frequent. Among the terrestrial planets in the solar system, the surface rocks of Venus are the youngest.

This shows how frequent the volcanic activity of Venus is.

Of course, volcanic activity has pros and cons.

On the one hand, volcanic activities will erupt a large amount of toxic and harmful gases and volcanic ash, and cause volcanic earthquakes.

On the other hand, volcanic eruptions will bring rare metals and heavy metals from the mantle to the surface, which can form rich mineral resources, and at the same time release a large amount of geothermal energy into the atmosphere.

Now the Yungong base is already preparing to mine the surface minerals of Venus to reduce the dependence on the Earth headquarters.

According to the data of Venus Institute of Mineral Analysis, at present, there are 500 billion tons of pure iron, 7000 billion tons of simple copper, and a large pile of gold, silver, rare earth, platinum, tungsten, etc. .

Because the atmosphere is full of carbon dioxide, many magmatic rocks erupted from volcanoes, many of the metals in them exist in the form of simple substances, which is similar to the environment of the early earth.

It’s just that Venus has not encountered the great oxidation event caused by cyanobacteria, and the continuous volcanic eruption for hundreds of millions of years has caused the metals here to maintain a simple state for a long time.

This mineral is much better than the earth's metal oxidation, and it can be easily extracted.

Some of the precious metals and heavy metal materials used in the previous submarine construction process were transported from the earth bit by bit, which is very unfavorable for the development of Venus.

Therefore, the Yungong base is very greedy for a large amount of minerals on the surface of Venus.

Of course, there is no way to be greedy.

After all, the surface of Venus is too harsh. It is obviously too difficult to build a metallurgical base on the surface. It is not that the technology does not allow it, but the cost is very high and the price/performance ratio is too low.

The Yungong base is organizing manpower to study how to mine at low cost, so that the Yungong base can get rid of the material dependence on the earth.

Amidst strong winds and sandstorms, the submarine turned around for two days and two nights, and finally arrived near the south pole of Venus.

This is a relatively large basin. The submarine dropped some heights and found that the wind speed here has also dropped a lot.

They came here for the purpose of looking for ancient geological relics, to see if they could find out that Venus was bombed by an asteroid, or other accidents.

Chapter 594 Big Discovery

The submarine moored slowly in this basin.

The synchronous robots in the submarine carried out various tasks step by step.

"Fujita, start drilling." Foucault said while manipulating the detection system to conduct a comprehensive detection of the surroundings.

"Received" Fujita Atsushi manipulated the drilling system at the bottom of the submarine to drill the rock formation below.

The drill bit made of super-tungsten carbide drilled down quickly as if stuck into tofu.

The rock formation debris cut by the drill bit is divided into pieces and temporarily stored in the special cabin of the submarine.

This is the first time that the Yungong base has obtained samples from the strata of Venus. In the hundreds of previous detections, although many detectors have been deployed and a lot of samples have been collected, those samples were all collected on the surface. of.

The Yungong base is still very curious about the samples in the stratum, which is also data that cannot be obtained by magnetic field detectors.

Although magnetic field detectors are very powerful, their accuracy is often above the centimeter level in long-distance detection. This kind of data is helpful for studying stratigraphic structures, but it is not enough for studying geological composition and geological history.

The first 100 meters of drilling have been very smooth, and these rock formations appear to be loose magmatic rocks, generally not very hard.

But as the drilling depth increased, the drill bit began to encounter resistance.

"This hardness feedback? Has it reached the granite rock formation?" Fujita was thinking while recording the data.

Then he looked at the heating of the drill bit. The temperature of the drill bit that has been working continuously at high intensity has risen to 773 degrees Celsius.

Fujita had to stop the drill and start the drill cooling system.

After 15 minutes, the drill bit had cooled down, and he started the motor again, and the drill bit continued to cut down the rock formation.

And Huang Wei, together with two other colleagues, conducted preliminary research on the rock formation debris drilled out.

"From the surface to 12 meters underground, there are weathered sedimentary layers, which have accumulated over the years through the intense atmospheric circulation of Venus and the topography of this basin.

In the depth zone of 13m to 28m, the composition of typical magmatic rocks is very rich in iron, and the grade of elemental iron reaches 25% to 28%. "

Another colleague looked through the mass spectrometry data of the remaining formation debris: "They are all elemental metals and sulfides. It seems that there has been no oxygen here for a long time!"

Time passed by every minute and every second, and the drill bit drilled deeper and deeper, and had penetrated the rock formation at a depth of 1000 meters underground.

At this moment, the drill suddenly idling.

"What's going on? Did you encounter a hole?" Atsushi Fujita was a little surprised.

And Foucault's robot saw the problem too.

For stratigraphic data, some of them have been detected by magnetic field before, but magnetic field detection is not a panacea, especially as the depth goes deeper into the stratum, the accuracy of magnetic field detectors is gradually decreasing.

"Fujita, temporarily shut down the drilling rig."

"receive."

Foucault put the magnetic field detector into the borehole and began to analyze the past a little bit underground.

Fujita also activated the miniature camera and searchlight hidden in the middle of the drill. As the searchlight turned on, the camera also saw part of the hollow area.

Looking at the data captured by the camera, he thought to himself: "Strange, why does this hole look weird?"

The reason why this hollow makes Fujita feel strange is that it is too smooth.