From Almighty Scholar to Chief Scientist

The world of physics, as Witten and Lin Xiao said, was once again in shock.

A few days ago, they just digested the unification of quantum mechanics and relativity and the proof of the existence of the Yang-Mills gauge field and the mass gap, and the result now tells them that the existence of strings has also been found?

Physicists feel that the world is closed!

Chapters 4 and [-] Professors at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton

"Crazy, crazy, really all crazy!"

At the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, physicists were cradling their heads over the paper of their dear colleague, Edward Witten.

If you want to prove the existence of strings, you must have actual data and rigorous mathematical derivation as support.

Just like the existence and mass gap of the Yang-Mills gauge field proved by Lin Xiao, it is a rigorous mathematical derivation and demonstration. In experiments, scientists have already confirmed the existence of the mass gap through many experiments. Why many scientists are convinced there is a mass gap.

It's just that through the experimental proof, scientists can only see the specks but not the whole, because the difficulty of observing the mass gap makes it impossible for them to judge the situation through the experimental data, so in the end, it still needs strict mathematical Demonstration can allow them to further determine the essence of its details.

The existence of strings is different. Various string theories have proved their existence through rigorous mathematical derivation, but they are still controversial, and some people still do not believe in the existence of strings.

This must mention the importance of proof from experiments.

After all, there is a saying in physics: Experiments can disprove theory, but theory cannot disprove experiment.

Before the results of the experiment appear, the truth of objective existence will always be covered with a layer of gauze, and no one can be 100% sure that his inferences outside the gauze are an accurate description of the scene inside the gauze.

And this is also in line with philosophy. As a well-known saying, experiment is the only criterion for testing truth.

Therefore, there is no "string" that can be proved by experiments, and it will never be accepted by everyone.

All physicists in the world also maintain this dubious attitude to face string theory. At the same time, most of them are also prepared to never discover the existence of strings in this lifetime.

As a result, some time ago, quantum mechanics and the theory of relativity that they were also prepared for will not be unified in this lifetime appeared. Strings are also found?

In this paper, Witten extracted the experimental data in the particle collider, and then successfully completed the final proof through the surprise that Lin Xiao gave him, that is, the mathematical derivation method.

And this time, the method he discovered the string is based on the inference that a closed string will be produced when heavy ions collide.

The appearance of a closed string will cause a part of energy to dissipate. As long as this part of the energy that disappears is found in the calculation, the existence of a closed string can be proved, and as long as the existence of a closed string is proved, it is enough to clarify the basic assumption of string theory: "string ",It exists.

In the past experiments, in the heavy ion collision experiment, although the researchers have studied and processed the experimental data many times, they have never found this part of the energy that disappeared, so the researchers generally believe that this is still Because the energy of the collision is not enough, the closed string is not knocked out, and naturally it cannot be found.

As for Witten's thesis, he also did not try to find it based on this method, after all, he had failed many times on it.

And the method he used was the same as when Lin Xiao discovered the existence of Xian.

Through various experimental data and mathematical derivation, it is clear that strings must participate in this reaction, or that strings have played a role in it. Based on this principle, it is enough to confirm the existence of strings.

Otherwise, if not strings, it could only be something else.

But obviously, this possibility is very low. After all, the mathematical model is exactly the same as a chord, how could it not be a chord?

Therefore, through this relatively ingenious method, Witten successfully clarified the existence of strings, and even physicists who once believed that strings did not exist could not find any reason to refute them at this time.

Ever since, all the physics professors at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton rushed to find Witten after getting the news, hoping to learn something from him.

Not only the physics professors of the Institute for Advanced Study, but also the physics professors of Princeton University, and physicists from some research institutions next door came over to hear Witten's thoughts.

"Witten, it turns out that you stayed in Huaguo for so long, isn't it just for this thing? How did you do it?"

"Witten, you didn't spend all those months studying this with Lin, did you? How did the two of you manage to solve so many physics problems in these few months? I just want to interview you like this."

"Witten..."

Facing inquiries from so many friends and colleagues, Witten had a radiant expression on his face.

When he successfully proved the existence of strings, he looked very happy, and his lifelong wish was fulfilled. How could he not be happy about it?

He said with a smile: "Okay, everyone, don't be so anxious. As you said, I have been studying this issue in Huaguo for the past few months, and during this process, Lin gave me a lot of help. I was of great help."

Recalling the communication with Lin Xiao in the past few months, and the inspiration he kept getting from Lin Xiao, his heart is also full of emotion at this moment.

That can be regarded as one of the most comfortable days in his academic career, and the other most comfortable day is the time after he proposed M-theory.

The physicists present couldn't help being curious when they heard Witten's answer and saw his nostalgic gaze. What kind of experience was it that made Witten react like this?

And then, Witten began to talk about things since this period of time.

"At first, I felt that the research environment in Huaguo was not as good as ours, but after I arrived at Lin's Dingguang Research Institute, oh, let me introduce you to the Dingguang Research Institute. This research institute is specially prepared by the Huaguo government for Lin. According to my observations over the past few months, this institute has more resources than our Institute for Advanced Study..."

Next, Witten began to introduce them from the Dingguang Research Institute.

After hearing Witten's description, the professors present couldn't help but yearn for it. How wonderful is the research environment that doesn't have to be tortured by project funding?

Especially the cafeteria that Witten talked about at the end made some professors present who are more pursuing food feel a little greedy

"...Especially the sweet tofu nao, if you go there sometime, you must try it."

While talking, Witten began to carry private goods, and Maldassina, who had been listening by the side, couldn't help standing up at this moment, "Okay, Witten, don't sell that one here. Sweet tofu nao, I have been there before, so if friends present here really want to go, the most important thing to try is the salty tofu nao, not the sweet tofu nao.”

"Also, Witten, why don't you tell me how you worked with Lin to finally find the string?"

"Yes, we'll talk about the food next time. How did you and Lin work together?"

Witten just wanted to have another party dispute with Maldacena, but since the professors present were urging their cooperation, he had no choice but to start talking.

"Actually, Lin told me the idea in the thesis. Although I didn't quite agree with it at the beginning, in my communication with him later, he proved the feasibility of this direction for me through other methods. sex, and then..."

Following Witten's narration, the people present also had a deeper understanding of Lin Xiao's talent.

In their eyes, Witten is already powerful enough, but it is really unbelievable that Witten can always get inspiration from Lin in the cooperation with Lin.

"...All in all, it was at Lin's report that he told me the surprise, which allowed me to finally master the method of proving the existence of strings, so I added Lin's name to the author's signature of the paper. Name, speaking of it, he didn’t agree at first.”

After finishing speaking, Witten shook his head with emotion. In Lin Xiao, he completely saw the image of a super genius.

And the others have the same expressions. From every word of Witten, they can feel their admiration for Lin Xiao. In addition, Lin Xiao even expressed his unwillingness to accept this article at the beginning, which is enough to leave a mark in the history of physics. They were even more surprised by the author's signature of the paper, which was a huge sum of money, and Witten wanted to give Lin Xiao the same position as the author.

"But having said that, why do I always feel that according to what you said, Witten, Lin seems to be very confident in this idea, as if...as if he had done this before and successfully proved the existence of strings? "

Suddenly, someone said at this time.

The others couldn't help but nodded, "It does feel like that."

Witten smiled bitterly: "I also asked Lin this question, but Lin just said that I thought too much."

"Thinking about it now, Lin's tone at that time always seemed a little strange."

Everyone present looked at each other in blank dismay. If this is true, then this Lin Xiao is really terrifying. He has already proved the existence of strings but has not published the paper?

They couldn't believe it.

"Forget it, don't worry about it so much, now I think it is necessary for our Institute of Advanced Studies to reach a cooperation with Lin's Dingguang Institute, so that we can strengthen mutual exchanges in the future. I am a little greedy after hearing what Witten said. "

At this time, a professor said.

And everyone else agrees too.

"This proposal is good, I agree with it 100%."

"Then let's go to the dean."

"let's go."

Ever since, such a group of physicists went to the dean of the Institute for Advanced Study in such a mighty way.

Chapter 4 and Five Fortunately, he is my mentor

"Princeton Institute for Advanced Study and Princeton University want to reach a cooperation with us?"

In the Dingguang Research Institute, when Lin Xiao learned about this, he couldn't help showing surprise on his face.

It's not because these two organizations are so famous that I was surprised to come to them, but I was simply surprised that these two organizations suddenly came to them and wanted to reach a cooperation.

I'm afraid something happened in between?

"Yes, director, they sent a letter of intent just now, asking what we think."

Li Xingqiang, the administrative deputy director of the institute, said with a smile.

As the deputy director of administration, Li Xingqiang is mainly responsible for various administrative affairs of the institute, and he is mainly responsible for cooperation and exchanges with other institutions like this.

Of course, Lin Xiaolai still has to decide on these big things in the end.

Li Xingqiang said with a smile: "I guess, the reason why they suddenly contacted us for this cooperation is mainly because of the paper between Professor Lin and that Professor Witten. Witten stayed in our institute for two months. Time, and then they proved the existence of strings, and they probably want to communicate with us more in the future."

"Uh..." Hearing Li Xingqiang's guess, Lin Xiao was taken aback for a moment, then nodded: "It's not impossible."

However, when Witten asked for his signature that day, he directly persuaded him for nearly two or three hours, and the international roaming fee did not know how much it cost.

Until finally Witten said that if he did not agree, he would not publish this paper. In desperation, he had no choice but to agree.

The signature of this paper is obviously not casually signed, or it is not allowed to sign without the consent of others. After all, this is the right of authorship. There are all benefits and no harm.

This is not to mention top people like Lin Xiao and Witten. It is no joke that a name is worth a thousand dollars. They naturally value the right of authorship more.

That's why Witten had to get Lin Xiao's authorization to add his name.

Otherwise, if a random person writes a paper that is filled with water to the extreme, and then signs a Nobel laureate as the corresponding author, and then sends it to a journal, if this journal reads it, I, Cao Nuo laureate, this academic credit Still need to see?Even if it is irrigation, it still has to sell face, and then such a paper may be published, and it will naturally damage the reputation of this Nobel laureate in the end.

What's more serious, if this paper is still plagiarized, and then the Nobel laureate is the corresponding author, it will be even more unlucky. After all, once it is discovered, even if it is finally proved that it has nothing to do with him through a lawsuit, the damage to his reputation will be the same. It is unavoidable, just like a small bib essay, as long as it is sent out and attracts attention, even if it is rehabilitated later, the loss of reputation will not be changed.

"Well... I basically agree. Of course, this matter also needs to be approved by the above, so I'd better trouble you to make a trip."

Lin Xiao said.

It is naturally a good thing to be able to carry out this kind of large-scale communication between institutions, but after all, there are many important technologies in their Dingguang Research Institute, and although the Princeton Institute for Advanced Study and Princeton University are well-known, they are also foreign countries. However, it is hard to guarantee that the other party will do some dirty tricks in the name of communication, so what should be guarded against should be guarded against, and you can't just agree when you are happy.

"Okay, I'll go ask."

Li Xingqiang nodded, and then left here.

Lin Xiao lowered his head and read a paper.

The title of the thesis is "L^2 Curvature Bounds on Ricci Curvature Bounded Manifolds and Its Extension Based on Hodge-Lin's Theorem"

That's right, this thesis is the graduation thesis of Chen Mingkai, Lin Xiao's big student who is about to graduate.

About three months ago, under Lin Xiao's suggestion, Chen Mingkai started a brand new content, and finally, he completed the final content some time ago, and what he sent to Lin Xiao now is the final draft.

"It's well written and has some innovations of its own."

After reading this thesis soon, Lin Xiao can basically confirm that there are no problems with this thesis. For a doctoral thesis, it is obviously at the level.

Of course, it is obviously not enough to just reach the level of the doctoral thesis, the most important thing is to meet his expectations, after all, as he told several of his students at the beginning, his requirements are very high.

As for this paper, his expectation is that it has reached the acceptance threshold of the four top journals in the mathematics world.

"Isn't it a bit too high?" Lin Xiao raised his eyebrows, then shook his head with a smile, "At least it's not enough to accept the one-hour invitation to the International Conference of Mathematicians."

Then he put down the paper and nodded with satisfaction. No matter what, at least his guidance was not in vain. Of course, more of it was Chen Mingkai's own efforts.

Then, he found Chen Mingkai's authoritative signal, and sent a message to this doctoral student who had probably been waiting for a long time: "I have finished reading your thesis and can start the defense." 』

At the same time, in a certain postgraduate dormitory of Peking University.

"Damn, my mentor sent me a message!"

When Chen Mingkai heard the prestige notification from his mobile phone, he immediately jumped in the heart and exclaimed.

And his roommates cast their eyes over one after another.

This is a three-person room, so there are two roommates of Chen Mingkai in the dormitory.

"What did God Lin say? Has it passed?"

"Give me Kangkang, what did God Lin say?"

The two roommates immediately surrounded him and cast very curious glances at Lin Xiao.

They all knew that Chen Mingkai's mentor was Lin Shen, so they were naturally curious about what Lin Shen thought of their roommate's thesis.

"Don't worry, I haven't watched it yet!"

Chen Mingkai waved his hand, his heart was pounding. In fact, he had finished this thesis for a while. When he finished writing the thesis, he felt that he was amazing. Such a powerful thesis had been completed. Lin Shenshao Do you have to praise him a few words?

As a result, Lin Xiao found a lot of mistakes for him backhandedly, so he hurried like this, and finally finished the final draft at this time.

"Look, look, look."

The two roommates both urged, and finally Chen Mingkai calmed down his mood, then began to unlock the phone's lock screen, entered the interface, and finally entered Weixin carefully.

Finally, Lin Xiao's reply appeared in front of him, and when he saw "You can participate in the defense", he immediately jumped up from his seat.

"I'm Cao! I'm Cao, I'm Cao! It's finally done!"