Rule department scholar

The clear statement of the last sentence caused excitement in the laboratory, and everyone else felt a sense of enlightenment when they heard it. They didn't even think that the arrangement of proteins could also be a detection signal, but it made sense when they thought about it carefully.

There are 11 proteins that may be associated with immune rejection.

If the arrangement of eleven proteins serves as the contact point between the detection cell and the detected cell during the immune response, there will be '11! (factorial)' possibilities.

This may be the mystery of immune detection!

Chapter 725 Nobel-Level Achievements

Through the verification of "Law of Cause and Effect", Zhao Yi has confirmed his own analysis, the detection mechanism in the process of immune response is indeed using protein sorting as the "detection code".

He publicly announced the results of the deduction, but did not say that it must be so.

In many experimental studies, imagination and judgment are very important, and it is not necessary to verify the judgment, because many judgments cannot be verified.

That's it for now.

It is also impossible to do experimental verification without confirming that further results have been obtained.

So Yi Zhao directly arranged the next job: doing protein exclusion research.

Because there are as many as eleven kinds of proteins that may be related to immune rejection, not all of them are directly related to each other.

This is a definite conclusion.

They have to filter out the ones that are relevant and weed out those that are not.

The protein exclusion research is more complicated. The 11 related proteins can be understood in this way. They are all proteins distributed on the human cell membrane.

Some proteins are involved in the detection of immune responses, while others have other functions.

Then, if you want to detect which of these proteins are directly related to the immune response, you must do extraction experiments one by one, and then inject the extracted single protein into the target body.

The target, and the target to extract the protein must be from the same source.

In fact, the best choice is the human body, not certain organs, parts or blood, but now they have not applied for volunteers to participate in the experiment, so they can only conduct auxiliary research in other ways.

Then the process gets more complicated.

For each protein, many experiments have to be carried out. After the data is obtained, detailed analysis and many comparisons are made to determine the correlation of the immune response.

It is also very difficult to analyze the correlation, because there is no definite way to do it, so the data can only be taken out and analyzed continuously.

For this work, the laboratory is still confident.

Because Zhao Yi is here.

Zhao Yi is the top mathematician. He is very sensitive to numbers and can always see the key points.

Therefore, the people in the laboratory are very confident, and the entire laboratory is also devoting energy to the research on protein exclusion, including several researchers, more than a dozen associate researchers, and even more than a dozen assistant researchers.

The laboratory was busy, with experiments and reports everywhere.

Zhao Yi sat in the central office, constantly looking at the experimental design and results sent over. He was in such a busy state for about a week before he finally got a positive result.

The laboratory held a summary meeting.

Zhao Yi announced, "Through a series of experiments and analysis, we determined that seven proteins are directly related to immunoassay, and the other four proteins are not related."

He sent everyone a report detailing how the data from the experiments compared.

Without this clear report, facing a lot of experiments and data, anyone will feel a headache, but by comparing the data in the report, they can clearly see that the results are divided into two data situations, some The data for seven proteins are similar, which is one case, and the data for the other four proteins is another case.

This clearly shows that the seven proteins listed are directly related to immunoassays.

"According to the conclusions drawn from the previous experiment, we can infer that the key to immune detection lies in the arrangement of these seven proteins."

Zhao Yi went to the whiteboard and drew a picture. The human cell membrane was marked on the picture. An antenna grew out of the cell membrane. The antenna was composed of a long series of seven circles. He explained, "This is the key to immune detection."

"People with different blood types have different blood group antigens on red blood cells, and blood group antigens refer to proteins on the surface of cell membranes."

"We all know that the difference in blood group antigens refers to the difference in protein expression. For example, in blood type A and type B, the molecular bonds at the end of the antigen protein are slightly different."

"People with the same blood type have the same antigenic protein. When the antigenic protein is consistent, the immune detection can pass the first stage. This is the first step."

"Even people with the same blood type will have a certain immune rejection reaction. Why is this? It is because of the immune detection, and there is a second step, which is also the most critical step: protein sequence detection."

"The seven proteins we found are all directly related to immune detection, and different people will have different combinations of protein sequencing."

"Detecting the contacts of cells will have corresponding sorting detection, and the detection of different protein sorting will trigger an immune response."

After Zhao Yi finished speaking, he paused for a moment, giving everyone time to digest the information, and then continued, "Seven kinds of proteins may have [-] sorts."

"In other words, the same blood type has [-] different immune characteristics."

"This is the conclusion we have drawn from the experimental data, summarizing and analyzing it. It is only a possibility, but we can use it to design verification experiments."

"For example, finding people with the same immune profile."

"Hula-"

After Zhao Yi finished his last sentence, it immediately aroused heated discussions in the conference room.

It is recognized in the medical field that there are no people with the same immune characteristics. In other words, each person's body will have an immune rejection reaction against other people's cells.

This conclusion is already accepted.

But if you think about it carefully, it seems that no institution has conducted a sufficient number of experiments to verify it.

This is also normal.

Generally, the contact with other human cells is done through blood transfusion and organ transplantation. The immune rejection of blood transfusion of the same blood type is not large. Even if there is no immune rejection, it will not be known without detailed testing.

The number of organ transplants is even less. Even if the subsequent immune rejection is very small, most of them will be attributed to the effect of drugs or the strong recovery ability of patients.

In addition, according to the data mentioned by Zhao Yi, the probability of the same immune characteristic appearing is also very small.

The same blood type, five thousand and forty kinds of immune characteristics.

It must be a very large work to carry out detailed screening and verification.

When the meeting room became quieter, Zhang Wei asked, "How to make such a huge screening experiment, we must cooperate with the hospital to get enough blood samples and enough data."

Li Ming shook his head and said, "Just a hospital is not enough. Because we can't verify this conclusion only through blood. We also have to cooperate with other medical and experimental institutions."

Others also commented.

It is easy to verify whether there is immune rejection, but it is very difficult to conduct targeted experiments if you want to obtain enough sample data.

It's a simple but huge job.

The same blood type, [-] kinds of immune characteristics, if you want to find someone with the same immune characteristics, you have to conduct at least a thousand experiments, if you are unlucky, you will even need to conduct tens of thousands of experiments, the samples and materials you need, And the workload of the experiment is absolutely huge.

Zhao Yi nodded and said, "I will tell the institute to let other experimental staff to cooperate with the research. In addition, I will apply for research and development funds and strive to get more funds."

"This kind of research is international in nature, and it is impossible for all of them to be funded by laboratories."

"Also, you can publish the results first—"

Zhao Yi's last sentence was a bit abrupt, but his meaning was very clear. After the results are published, other institutions may verify them.

This kind of verification experiment can be done by anyone, and there is no need for other organizations to help verify, and they don't need to waste time and effort to verify.

That simply doesn't make sense.

After the meeting was over, the people in the laboratory were talking about the relevant conclusions, and each of them knew exactly what the correct conclusion meant--

This would be a Nobel Prize-level achievement in medicine.

-

Zhao Yi is very sure about the experimental results, so he will publish the results directly with confidence. As for the verification and the like, it can be carried out slowly.

It would be great if other agencies can help with verification.

At the same time, to clarify the mechanism of human immune detection is to improve the mechanism of human immune process, and it is also very important for future treatment and drug development.

There are many directions to think about when this research is put into clinical application and drug development.

After confirming the publication of the research paper, Zhao Yi went to the genetic laboratory and found the chief researcher Zhang Ning. Zhang Ning has been working in the genetic laboratory. The research he applied for personally has made a lot of progress.

Because of the progress in research, Zhang Ning's work has become even busier.

After Zhao Yi found Zhang Ning, he directly explained the purpose of coming, "I hope your laboratory can analyze from the genetic level based on our conclusions, and enrich the relationship between the h gene system and the outer layer of cells."

He then elaborated on the experimental conclusions.

Zhang Ning has been working in the genetic laboratory and has not participated in the research of Zhao Yi's laboratory. She knows that the laboratory is very busy, but she never expected to draw such an important conclusion, "Are you sure? Academician? Has this conclusion been verified?"

"Not yet, but I'm sure." Zhao Yi talked about some data, and said that he was ready to publish the results.

Zhang Ning nodded and said seriously, "If your research is correct, it is absolutely amazing. It is very important for enriching the connection between genes and cells."

"However, this is no longer letting me work, but giving me the results."

She smiled wryly as she spoke.

Genetic experts are doing genetic research, so naturally they hope to make breakthroughs in genetic research.

If Zhao Yi's conclusion is correct, then he can directly connect the h gene system with the cell membrane protein, and then analyze the immune detection in detail at the genetic and molecular levels. Isn't that the same as putting the results in front of him?

Zhao Yi said indifferently, "As long as we publish the results, there will definitely be corresponding laboratories for research." What he meant was that instead of giving the results to others, it is better to give them to his own people, and their research conclusions are also Research support at the genetic level is needed.

The h gene system mentioned by the two is the main histocompatibility of human beings. It is the genetic system with the most abundant polymorphisms in humans known so far. It has been determined to be located in the 6p21.31 region of the short arm of chromosome [-]. .

The h system composed of a series of closely linked gene loci constitutes the "identity card" of human biology.

The medical field believes that each individual's immunocompetent cells use h as a sign to identify "self" and "non-self", so as to eliminate "non-self" through immune response and maintain the integrity of the individual.

In other words, the h gene system controls the genes that determine the sequence of the immunodetection protein.

If it can be supported by the conclusions of the h gene system research, it will be able to support the results of the immune detection protein sequence. Even if no person with the same immune characteristics has been found for the time being, it will be very convincing.

Zhao Yi talked with Zhang Ning about the research issues, and also concerned about Zhang Ning's personal project, but he soon found that he couldn't say anything about Zhang Ning's project, because Zhang Ning was doing gene-related research, perfecting human genetics. The library is only one aspect, and it is still understandable, while the others are more complicated.

Later, Zhao Yi simply stopped talking.

After walking out of the genetic laboratory, Zhao Yi thought back and found that he still underestimated science. He thought he was already "omnipotent".

Now he finds that the scope of science is infinitely broad. Medical research alone contains a huge amount of knowledge, neurology, genetics, immune research, etc. There are many, many theoretical researches. When it comes to a brand new field, he still works with It was the same at first, it seemed to understand something, but in fact, when it came to advanced content, I still didn’t understand anything.

"Industry specializing in surgery!"

"It's impossible for me to do the science myself—" Zhao Yi laughed at himself, and suddenly felt that the decision to establish a genetic laboratory was extremely wise.

He went home leisurely.

In the evening, Yixing was having a company video conference, and he heard an interesting piece of news.

Professor Bai Jianwu of the Microbial Technology Laboratory applied to participate in the research on microbes on the moon base, and also passed the initial physical test.

"Professor Bai?"

"It's really amazing!" Zhao Yi said with a sigh.

Although it is said that the age of the lunar base work card is 50 years old, in fact, it is not easy for people over the age of 45 to pass the physical examination.

First of all, without any underlying disease, and passing the dizziness test, more than [-]% of people can be wiped out.

Few people who have been doing research for a long time have very good health, and some foundations are not very common. For example, high blood pressure is very common.

Young people are relatively better. Even if they are a little obese, resulting in slightly high blood pressure, they can be reduced through weight loss.

After the age of 45, it is very difficult to cure high blood pressure, and if it is more serious, heart problems will appear.

In addition, the vertigo test is definitely a crit for older people.

It can be said that Bai Jianwu passed the physical test, which is very remarkable. His research and development experience is very rich, and he is indeed very suitable to work on the moon.

Thinking about it, Zhao Yi raised his head, looked at the full moon outside the window, and couldn't help but think of Li Renzhe.

Now that Li Renzhe is on the top, he will be back soon after calculating the time, right?

Chapter 726 No one cares about him here

moon base.

Li Renzhe was lying in his sleeping bag, holding a notebook in his hand, and looked at the numbers on it seriously. His expression was extremely serious. Others would definitely think that he was thinking about some research and development issues.

In fact, he was just watching the time.

He records the time in the most primitive way, and calculates how long it will take to go back.

Of course he can look at the time directly, but calculating it in the most primitive way will make him feel closer to leaving.

This is a psychological effect.

After watching it carefully for 5 minutes, Li Renzhe sobbed silently, and the corners of his eyes were filled with tears. They all said that men do not cry easily. It is really because they are not sad enough, and they are squeezed in a sleeping bag alone. When you are inside, your heart will become very fragile.