Rule department scholar

"OK!"

Fan Lei readily agreed, and then immediately looked for the phone, as if there was an urgent matter.

Zhao Yi asked strangely, "What are you looking for?"

Fan Lei said, "Look for a phone number! I know the manager of Hongxinger K's advertising department, and he said that I will wear a full set of Hongxinger K's clothes and shoes, and there will be live TV broadcast. Advertising fees?"

"I K!"

Zhao Yi was shocked when he heard that, he gave a thumbs up fiercely, and said forcefully, "You...you're such a genius!"

……

After returning to the dormitory, Zhao Yi thought about the International Conference of Mathematicians and felt a little regretful.

The International Congress of Mathematicians is a good place for mathematical exchanges. It brings together the top mathematicians from all over the world. It was also very rewarding to go there four years ago. Those on-site mathematical reports always have some attractive highlights, or bring Get some inspiration or something.

"It seems that I haven't studied mathematics for a long time."

"Normally, Fields winners will also be invited to give a report at the venue, or let Fan Lei help make a report by the way?"

Zhao Yi still shook his head thinking about it.

Fan Lei?

make a report?

This guy can't even understand the paper, and it's impossible to make a report. Maybe if he is asked to read it according to the paper, he doesn't understand some symbols, and instead reads the content wrong.

What's more, he really hasn't studied mathematics for a long time, and he doesn't have any good results.

When an idea was born in his mind, and he had some free time recently, just waiting for the acceptance of the aviation group, he began to think about mathematics unconsciously.

He quickly remembered a content--Yang-Mills gap between existence and quality.

When studying the boundary theory of particles and shaping the energy composition of onlookers, Zhao Yi was interested in the problem of 'Yang-Mills existence and mass gap'.

This is an extremely complex mathematical physics problem.

Yang Zhenning and Mills are doing mathematical physics research together. Their goal is to use mathematical methods to unify the core electromagnetic force, weak force and strong force by describing the behavior of elementary particles.

In the theory of electromagnetism, the overall gauge symmetry corresponds to the conservation of charge. Once the overall gauge symmetry is required to be established locally, the entire electromagnetic theory can be obtained.

Then the problem is coming.

How about extending this idea to other fields?Such as strength and weakness?Is it possible to also require a certain overall symmetry to be established locally, and then directly generate related theories of strong and weak forces?

This is the famous non-Abelian gauge theory, also known as Yang-Mills theory.

The Yang-Mills theory is generally considered to be an important achievement beyond the discovery of the law of parity violation, that is, beyond the achievement of Yang Zhenning's Nobel Prize.

In current quantum physics, the strong force is described by Yang-Mills theory. In quantum physics, the weak force and electromagnetic force are unified in terms of theoretical structure, and the unified electroweak force is also described by Yang-Mills theory. of.

The Yang-Mills existence and mass gap problem is one of the seven major mathematical conjectures in the millennium. It originated from the Yang-Mills theory of matter. The formal formulation of the problem is: to prove that for any compact and simple gauge group, The Yang-Mills equations in four-dimensional Euclidean space have a solution that predicts the existence of a mass gap.

This question involves the exploration of fundamental gauges of particles and elucidates fundamental aspects of nature that are not yet fully understood by the physics community.

The reason why Zhao Yi thought of this question is mainly because the Yang-Mills problem is related to the boundary theory of particles. The Yang-Mills theory uses symmetry and mathematical equations to explain the relationship between microscopic positions, while the particle boundary theory is From the perspective of the energy composition of particles, to explain the origin of microscopic physics.

It is also the research expression of the principles of microphysics, and there must be many overlaps between the two.

If we further explore the energy composition of particles, it will definitely involve the problem of field force, and it will also inevitably involve the Yang-Mills theory, and even involve the proof of the theory.

Zhao Yi hopes to do further research. His research on particle mathematics, like other theoretical physicists, aims to realize the unification of the four forces.

After thinking deeply for a few days, he still temporarily gave up the research on the Yang-Mills problem. The most important thing is that the foundation has not been laid. To solve this problem, what is needed is not a short-term research.

That is much more complicated than solving Goldbach's conjecture and Fermat's conjecture.

In the process of constant thinking, he noticed another problem and immediately became interested.

Because, "Derivative Rate".

Now Zhao Yi has a certain understanding of "Derivation Rate", and he finds that "Derivation Rate" is a very good "logical derivation" ability, which is different from normal logical derivation. possible' paths, rather than enumerating a large number of possibilities according to conditions.

This ability is very useful for research and development, and it seems to be very helpful for solving mathematical problems.

Zhao Yi wanted to really try the function of "Derivation Rate", and found a very good logical derivation problem--

NP-complete problem.

This is the first of the seven millennial puzzles.

The main reason why the mathematical community is interested in NP-complete problems is that they are purely logical problems.

The correct formulation of an NP-complete problem is: NP=P? , P (deterministic polynomial algorithm) to NP (non-deterministic polynomial algorithm) problem, the formulation of the problem seems to be very complicated, and it can be understood with a simple explanation.

NP is a non-deterministic polynomial algorithm.

Some questions can be answered directly using formulas, while others cannot.

For example, what is the next prime number?

The answer to this question can only be guessed and verified one by one. Verifying that a subsequent number is a prime number is tantamount to solving the problem.

This problem is 'NP', which can be simply understood as 'I don't know how many times to calculate', and the verification process to solve this problem is P, that is, 'one operation solves the problem'.

For example, what is the prime number after the number 5?If you don't know what the subsequent prime numbers are, this problem can be considered as an 'NP problem', and the method is to verify them one by one.

6, no.

7, yes.

The problem is solved.

In the operation of verifying 7, the problem of the prime number behind the number 5 is solved, and this operation process can be regarded as the problem solution P.

It sounds simple, but if you are looking for super large prime numbers, the amount of calculation involved is very large. After checking one by one, you will find that you cannot continue.

The NP-complete problem is to prove whether there is a unified prevention, and quickly solve problems such as "problems that can only be checked by guessing, but cannot be directly calculated."

If it exists, find this method.

If it does not exist, explain why it does not exist.

The NP-complete problem sounds simple, but it is actually a very complex mathematical logic problem. If you think about it carefully and deeply, you have to feel that it will make people immerse themselves in it.

This is why many mathematicians are interested in the study of NP-complete problems, but no mathematicians have been able to prove it until now.

Zhao Yi thought of the NP-complete problem, and felt that free time was fine, so he tried the effect of "Derivation Rate" by the way, so he decided to study it in depth.

at the same time.

The headquarters of the Aviation Group welcomed a team sent by the Software Institute of the Academy of Sciences, led by Liu Hemin, a newly promoted academician of the Academy of Information.

Liu Hemin's team received a warm reception, but if you pay attention carefully, you can find that some people are not very interested in the arrival of Liu Hemin's team, especially the people from the Flight Automatic Control Research Institute and Aviation Computer Technology Research Institute under the Aviation Group.

The two research institutes sent small teams, totaling about ten people in total, led by experienced researchers Guo Jinhua and Deng Minrong.

Guo Jinhua and Zhou Limin both read "Intelligent Control System", and they figured it out immediately, which involves very complicated algorithms, and top mathematical and computer experts must be there.

In fact.

The idea of ​​the two of them is that Zhao Yiben must come and explain the principle in order to fully understand the principle, but because Zhao Yi is the leader of the design team, it is unlikely to participate in the acceptance work, and they design and accept it by themselves. It sounds like It is very unreliable.

Although Liu Hemin is an academician of informatics and has world-class achievements in the research of evolutionary algorithms and neural networks, as well as certain achievements in the research of mathematical theory, but to say that he can understand the content of "intelligent control system", it still makes them feel uncomfortable. Believe too much.

They are very confident in their professional ability. Liu Hemin's research results are relatively high, but when it comes to specific programs and algorithms, they may not be strong in understanding.

Liu Hemin also knows that the aviation group has a lot of talents. I am from the Software Institute of the Academy of Sciences, and I am also a newly promoted academician of the Academy of Sciences. But when it comes to the aviation group, the title is really difficult to be convincing. Therefore, there are also academicians of dynamics and mechanics, all of whom are top academics and research and development personnel. He and his team must understand something in terms of "intelligent control system" to be convincing.

So after being entertained for a while, Liu Hemin proposed to quickly enter work.

They got the report quickly.

Because of the nature of confidentiality involved, ordinary researchers in the team can only get part of the reports and codes, and they will be responsible for part of the research respectively. Liu Hemin got all the reports and codes, and immediately devoted himself to research and understanding.

then.

Liu Hemin looked left and right, and after confirming that no one was paying attention, he took out a densely packed notebook full of content from his briefcase, and carefully read it against the report and code.

Chapter 469 Zhao Yi's source of inspiration is exposed!

The 'Intelligent Control System' acceptance team, a small office inside.

Liu Hemin was frowning at the notebook.

He originally thought that with Zhao Yi's explanation in advance, he would quickly understand the 'intelligent control system', but when he actually did research, he realized that his thinking was a bit too simple.

Most of the content in the notes is meaningless. It’s not that what Zhao Yi said is wrong, but most of what he said is to introduce the general design ideas and process of the control system, and said some things that he thinks are difficult to understand. The place.

When listening to Zhao Yi's explanation, Liu Hemin felt that it was normal, because normal explanations were like this. First, he gave a general introduction, and then explained the key points and difficulties in detail.

Now when he is doing research on reports and codes, he finds that there are still big problems. The most important thing is that the explanations are not detailed enough, so that he is at a loss for each algorithm package, detailed calculations, and design ideas. Just know the function, don't understand the specific principle at all.

Liu Hemin didn't mean to blame Zhao Yi, but felt that he had underestimated the "intelligent control system". No wonder the aviation group had to seek assistance from the software institute of the Academy of Sciences. The complexity of the reports and codes could not be understood in a short time, and it was a bit obscure. It takes a long time to understand just a general idea of ​​the algorithm program.

Liu Hemin complained in her heart that she was not prepared enough, and knew that there was no other way.

Before coming to the Aviation Group, it was impossible for Zhao Yi to show him the source code. At most, he would briefly talk about the research and development ideas on the screen and explain some key algorithms. The system' was designed by Zhao Yi. In addition, he is a member of the Academy of Information Sciences, has participated in many national projects, and is about to assist the aviation group in the acceptance of the 'intelligent control system', so it can barely be said.

Zhao Yi did everything he could.

But these are far from enough for Liu Hemin to quickly understand the reports and codes. The most difficult thing is the core algorithm of the "intelligent control system". content.

In fact, what Liu Hemin didn't know was that Zhao Yi tried his best more than he imagined.

Zhao Yi completely believed in Liu Hemin. He knew that Liu Hemin was not deceiving himself, because he could use the "Law of Cause and Effect" for testing, and knew that Liu Hemin really wanted to assist the aviation group in the acceptance work, so he tried his best to explain it.

But one problem Zhao Yi explained to others was that he didn't know exactly where it was difficult.

Because, the way of thinking is different.

In other people's eyes, the algorithm of some positions is obscure and difficult to understand, but it is very easy for Zhao Yi. A "Contact Rate" can directly produce the process. There are too many codes involved, and he can't even remember some places clearly, let alone explain the difficulties to others.

So when explaining to Liu Hemin, Zhao Yi really tried his best and talked for several hours, but some parts of what he said were easy to understand in Liu Hemin's eyes. As a result, Liu Hemin made a decision about the difficulty of the "intelligent control system". biased judgments.

Now Liu Hemin just feels helpless, most of the notes are useless, but fortunately there are still some places that are useful, such as the overall description of the algorithm package.

He compared the report to understand it, and also knew the overall structure and the specific functions of each algorithm package in detail.

This is not a simple description, but a very deep understanding, and he also felt a little relieved.

"First understand the overall structure, then subdivide it and understand it in detail."

"This method works too."

"But the core arithmetic..." Liu Hemin opened the report to compare the source code, and felt a headache even after careful reading.

……

Two days later in the morning, Liu Hemin walked out of the office exhausted. He walked to the window to see the scenery outside the window, took a proper rest and drank a cup of tea.

Guo Jinhua also happened to put down his work, and he came over and asked, "Academician Liu, is there any progress?"

"A little bit." Liu Hemin nodded and said.

"Tell me?"

The person next to him also raised his ears.

The team led by Guo Jinhua and Deng Minrong, and the team of Liu Hemin's software institute are all working together. They have a common goal, which is to understand the "intelligent control system". It is not necessary to do detailed verification, but the acceptance is completely unnecessary, but the function of each algorithm package must be tested, and the core algorithm must also be understood.

Therefore, the most important thing is the core algorithm. As long as you understand the core algorithm and the specific codes involved, you only need to know the functions and browse roughly. Each algorithm package is run and debugged, and the result is no problem.

Liu Hemin took a sip of tea, brought Guo Jinhua to the office, and began to explain in detail.

Soon, Deng Minrong also came.

Guo Jinhua and Deng Minrong listened to Liu Hemin's explanation. He talked about the specific functions of each algorithm package, which algorithm packages constitute the core algorithm, and how the core algorithm works.

It can be easily understood with an example.

For example, the intelligent control system is an elephant, and the source code is the entire composition of the elephant, down to the structure and function of each cell, and then composed of various organs and so on.

The core algorithm is the various systems inside the elephant body, including blood system, digestive system, nervous system and so on.

The acceptance team does not need to figure out how the cells are composed, but they must know the specific principles of the core algorithm. However, because the algorithm is too difficult, they can only know from the report that an elephant has four legs, a big nose, and two flickers. flickering ears and more.

There are introductions in these external reports, but when it comes to the internal system, it is impossible to write out all the reports in detail, and some contents still have to be understood by individuals.

Now Liu Hemin is explaining the composition of the internal system of an elephant, but what he knows is limited to 'which part is the digestive system', 'which part is the nervous system', etc., how the digestive system and the nervous system are constituted, he will I don't know at all.

Even so, Liu Hemin's explanation surprised Guo Jinhua and Deng Minrong, because after studying for a long time, they only understood that those algorithm packages were the core algorithms, and they were not able to divide them in such detail. In two or three days, the general engineering of the core algorithm has been understood.

"As expected of a Bachelor of Information Science!"

Guo Jinhua sighed in his heart, "In just two or three days, it is deeper than what we have studied for a long time."