Beiyang reactionaries

"Ahem, then let me say a few words."

Dai Kan coughed lightly, and then said: "I have read this survey report carefully, and overall I think it is very valuable. Because they have investigated hundreds of villages and come to the conclusion. It is not theirs. An article written by myself. Since ancient times, Chinese rural areas have had their own set of models. However, with the Taiping Rebellion in the late Qing Dynasty, the Gengzi Rebellion, and the invasion of foreign powers, the traditional rural relations were completely shattered. Therefore, the current Chinese rural areas There are frequent chaos, and it is time to rectify."

Dai Kan was born in a country gentleman's family.

He is very clear about the current problems in rural areas.To put it bluntly, rural China today is even more chaotic than it was in the Qing Dynasty.The cannons of the [-] Revolution sounded, and the countryside became more and more chaotic, but there was no government to manage the affairs of the countryside.

For the current Chinese warlords, the countryside only needs to be able to provide the agricultural products the warlords need.As for how the people below collect agricultural taxes and how the agriculture in the countryside is, they are not interested.

The result of this is that the situation in the countryside is getting worse and worse, and the countryside is becoming more and more chaotic.

Of course, Dai Kan was the first to come out to support, not only because Dai Kan is currently the second in command in Duan Xun's government affairs system, but the loan itself also believes that the countryside is in chaos and should be rectified.In fact, it was more because Dai Kan had read that article and knew the author.

Hu Ziang, a 23-year-old Sichuan student.

He had been studying in Beijing before, and he was one of the student leaders in Beijing during the student movement.Of course, this is all superficial. Dai Kan knew that Hu Ziang went to Beijing to go to school, and it was sponsored by Duan Xun.

Moreover, Hu Ziang is also a key talent cultivated by the People's Party.

Although Dai Kan doesn't know much about it, Hu Ziang and his group have been investigating in the countryside since last year.But their team of hundreds of people, traveling so many villages, eating, drinking and drinking are all supported by Duan Xun's money.

After more than a year of visits, they wrote this rural report.Without Duan Xun's push, Dai Kan would never believe it.Since it was supported by Duan Xun, Dai Kan needed to understand it more carefully.

Because Dai Kan is under pressure.

Dai Kan's goal is to become the second-in-command in government affairs under Duan Xun, positioning himself as the future prime minister.However, Duan Xun has a lot of government experts, including Wang Yongjiang, Sichuan Governor Li Zhanyang, Hubei Governor Jiang Hongyu, Guizhou Governor Dan Maoxin, Chongqing Mayor Bie Tingfang, and the newly appointed Henan Governor Deng Hanxiang, Wang Zhengya, governor of Hunan, and Xiong Fanyu, governor of Guangxi, are both experts in government affairs.

There are also Yang Yongtai, whom Duan Xun trusts very much, and Zhang Shouyong, who has just defected to Duan Xun and others.Dai Kan knew that if he didn't work hard, he would easily be pushed down by them.So Dai Kan has been under a lot of pressure.

So he works harder than anyone else.

Rural issues.

The biggest problem at present is that the land rent in the countryside is too high, coupled with the agricultural tax required by the government, let alone ordinary poor farmers, even semi-owner farmers and owner farmers are under great pressure.In addition to ground rent, lending rates are too confusing.

usury?

The money Duan Xun borrowed from foreigners is already usury.But the loan interest rate in the countryside is not ordinary usury, it is real rolling interest.In certain famine years, some self-cultivating farmers only need to borrow money from local landlords, and basically they will soon become poor farmers.

Because the interest rate is too high.

After rolling for a year, you will not be able to pay back the money at all.In the end, they could only sell their own mortgaged land, and then change from self-cultivating farmers to poor farmers.So bankrupt farmers abound.

And those landlords in the countryside gradually became big landlords.

Let alone self-cultivating farmers, not one or two of those small landlords have gone bankrupt in rural China.The Revolution of [-] destroyed the original order in the countryside, but failed to restore the new order. This is the biggest problem at present.

"Yes. No agriculture is unstable, and the problems in the countryside should be taken seriously."

Wang Yongjiang also agreed.

In fact, no one is prepared for how to deal with rural issues, or there is no plan in this regard at all.Because everyone has never thought about rural issues, especially those international students studying in Japan, Europe and the United States, they have no idea about rural issues.

These people are thinking about high-rise buildings, who will pay attention to the situation of rural farmers.

So after everyone read Hu Ziang's report, everyone found that the rural problem is indeed very serious, and they all think that the rural problem should be taken seriously.But how to deal with rural issues is very difficult for everyone.

Because of what?

Since ancient times, China has had imperial power in counties. Duan Xun is now able to stretch his hands into towns and villages, which is already very powerful.Further down, it is the world of local big clans and local gentry.In those rural areas, clan rules and consensus among local gentry are more deterrent than laws.

Moreover, a large number of people on Duan Xun's side are from the local landlord class.

How to solve the current problem?

Many scholars agreed with Sun Yat-sen's "equal land rights".This is like the "land to the tiller" that scholars have always pursued.But it's all in favor, and when it really needs to be implemented, no one will agree.

Take a look at the program of the Restoration Association and the Gongjin Association that broke away from the Tongmenghui.Worried about offending the landlord class, or that they themselves are born landlords, they changed the "average land rights" into some nondescript "average human rights".

Therefore, many people below nodded and agreed that the chaos in the countryside should be dealt with, but there was no specific method for each of them.So after supporting, I looked at Duan Xun.See what Duan Xun means.

Duan Xun looked at these people and said: "Rural issues are very complicated, and none of us have dealt with rural issues. Moreover, their report is very general and cannot be said to be complete. To truly understand rural issues, more investigation is needed. And understand, and then make a more appropriate plan for rural development. Here we can’t come up with any plan in a hurry. But after reading this report, I think there are two things that must be done.”

"One is the issue of land rent. At present, the land rent in rural areas is too high, and it is too chaotic. Look at the report of Changde. Changde is a big granary in Hunan, and it is also a big granary in several surrounding provinces. It has been a 'land of fish and rice' since ancient times. '. The fields here are all good fields, with a high yield per mu. It should be a relatively wealthy village. But look at their land rent, and some people receive 50.00% and 40.00%. This is simply playing the piano. Even if the land rent is relatively In low places, the land rent is almost [-]% or more. Moreover, they also add the government’s agricultural tax to those tenants, which increases the burden on farmers. It must be changed, and the rent must be reduced in legal form.”

"The second is the current issue of rural loan interest rates. These rural loans are completely usury, and usury should be completely prohibited from the legal level. In order to regulate rural borrowing, it is necessary to formulate a range of rural loan interest rates, which must not be higher than ours. The highest interest rate established. Borrowings that are higher than the interest rate established by law shall be deemed invalid.”

"There are many problems in the countryside, but we can slowly discuss and solve other problems. But this matter must be implemented quickly without delay. I named it rent reduction and interest rate reduction. But this is just a general idea. The idea, the degree of rent reduction and interest rate reduction, need to be carefully discussed. Biao Lao (Zhang Lan), you are the minister of the Ministry of Agriculture. You have to take responsibility for this matter and come up with a plan as soon as possible.”

Agrarian revolution?

It's not that Duan Xun doesn't want to do it, but that he doesn't have the guts to do it at all.Based on Duan Xun's current rule, if he really dares to play the agrarian revolution, he will definitely die by then.How many people on Duan Xun's side are from the landlord's family, and Duan Xun dared to play the land revolution because he was looking for death.Therefore, Duan Xun chose to take a step back and learn from the historical method of reducing rent and interest when the Kuomintang and the Communist Party cooperated.

Although many people on Duan Xun's side are from landlord families, they will still support it as long as there is no violent land revolution and some reforms are carried out to alleviate rural conflicts.

Because that's what they are.

They all have the idea of ​​strengthening the country and enriching the people, but they don't want to suffer too much.Therefore, rural issues need to be implemented step by step, and rent reduction and interest rate reduction are the most suitable at present.

"it is good."

Zhang Lan nodded.

Since Zhang Lan was in charge of the Ministry of Agriculture under Duan Xun, his biggest job in the past few years has been to survey the farmland.See how much private land there is, how much public land there is, and how much wasteland there is.

And responsible for the construction of water conservancy facilities.

I have never considered the issue of land rent in the countryside and the issue of loan interest rates.But after seeing Hu Ziang's report, Zhang Lan also understood that the current rural situation is not very good.

It's come to a point where something needs to be done.

"Lang Boyu."

"General."

"Write an article in the name of my border supervision office, saying that I have seen the materials submitted by students like Hu Ziang. I am very grateful to these students for going deep into the countryside to investigate so many detailed data. Our border supervision office will definitely not ignore these. It must be studied carefully, and policies to eliminate these problems will be formulated soon."

"Yes."

Lang Boyu simply remembered what Duan Xun said, and then took a step back.

"Xinyuan (Bai Jianwu)."

"General."

"Mobilize our newspapers and praise students like Hu Ziang. Since ancient times, there have been many people who have talked and talked, but few people who have sat down to do these specific tasks. The future of the country needs such young students."

"Yes."