Beiyang reactionaries

Duan Xun is very concerned about the war between the United States and Japan.

But Duan Xun paid more attention to domestic affairs, and talked with Su Zhaozheng, an alternate member of the Standing Committee of the People's Party Central Committee and chairman of the Federation of Trade Unions.Over the past few years, Su Zhaozheng has made great contributions.At present, China's workers' protection is not perfect, but the world labor movement is developing rapidly.If you don't pay attention, labor movements will also occur in China.Su Zhaozheng was born in the labor movement, and was regarded as an early worker leader, with a high prestige among Chinese workers.The Federation of Trade Unions has done a good job in appeasing domestic workers over the years.

"Chairman, what's the matter?"

Su Zhaozheng was rather puzzled.

For Duan Xun himself, Su Zhaozheng still admires him very much.After all, Su Zhaozheng also watched China grow stronger under Duan Xun's hands.When Su Zhaozheng was working in the labor movement, the rights and interests of Chinese workers were very poor, and China was always under the oppression of foreign businessmen.In the past 20 years, China has developed rapidly. In this respect, what Duan Xun has done is impeccable.But Su Zhaozheng also has a lot of dissatisfaction with Duan Xun.

Because Duan Xun only cares about development and the strength of the country, he has done a very bad job in protecting workers' rights and interests.Although it was much better than before, it was far, far away from what Su Zhaozheng wanted.

"I want to talk to you about workers' rights."

Su Zhaozheng was very surprised to hear Duan Xun talking about workers' rights and interests.

If it was a peaceful age, Su Zhaozheng would be very happy if Duan Xun talked to himself about workers' rights.However, although China has not participated in the war, it is still a semi-war system, and military construction and military production are the first.Su Zhaozheng really didn't understand the issue of workers' rights at this time.

Duan Xun didn't talk about it when he should talk about it most, but he talked about workers' rights when he shouldn't talk about it the most.

I don't understand.

Duan Xun smiled and said: "Chairman Su, I should have talked to you about workers' rights and interests a long time ago. I think the two of us should be open and honest, and have a good talk about workers' rights and interests. I think you should have wanted to talk to me a long time ago. Talk about working on it."

"Yes."

Su Zhaozheng nodded.

He was born as a labor leader and did not study much when he was a child.Later, he led the labor movement and became a well-known labor leader in the country. He was absorbed into the party by the People's Party and served as the head of the labor movement of the People's Party.

He later served as the chairman of the Government Department Federation of Trade Unions.

At this time, he only read a lot of books, which can be regarded as making up for his lack of knowledge.But the character of being a labor leader has always been there.In the current party and government agencies, there are fewer and fewer people who dare to throw face at Duan Xun.But Su Zhaozheng is one of them.

Su Zhaozheng expressed his dissatisfaction with Duan Xun's protection of workers' rights and interests.

"Chairman, since that's the case, then I'll say it."

"Say."

"Chairman, I say the simplest. As early as 110 years ago, Robert Owen proposed the 'eight-hour work system'. 80 years ago, workers in the United States and Canada held a massive strike to demand the 'eight-hour work system' Later, at the World Workers' Congress held in Geneva, Marx formally included the '8-hour working system' into the statement. Soon after the meeting in Paris, the French representative proposed to commemorate the workers of the United States and Canada. Strike, established May 8st as a common holiday for the international proletariat. After the October Revolution, Soviet Russia issued a decree about the eight-hour working system. After the end of the First World War, the eight-hour working system was adopted in 1919 It was recognized by the International Labor Conference in October 10. Afterwards, many countries in the world began to recognize the 'eight-hour working system' and gradually realized the 'eight-hour working system'."

Suddenly, Su Zhaozheng told Duan Xun the history of the "8-hour work system".

Then continued: "It has been 30 years since the founding of the Republic of China, but our country has not yet completed the law of the '8-hour work system'. Most of our factories work more than ten hours, and what is more serious is that many factories work 12 hours The working system is very frequent. I think this is abnormal, very abnormal. I think the government should actively promote the '8-hour working system'."

"Ah."

Duan Xun nodded.

Dao: "It makes sense. The purpose of our revolution back then was to make the people rich and the country strong. We can't just consider the country's strength and ignore the people's wealth. The '8-hour work system' you mentioned is indeed to be promoted. I think so, you go Find Vice Chairman Yang (Yang Wei) and discuss with him about the 'eight-hour working system'. Of course, I have to say this, that is, this kind of thing cannot be done across the board, and all industries cannot be mandated to implement the 'eight-hour working system'. Hourly working system'. According to my opinion, a more flexible plan is formulated according to the different situations of different industries. Some special industries cannot directly change to eight hours, so a flexible plan of eight to ten hours is formulated. You have to work with Talk to representatives of various industries, because each industry has different situations. According to different industry conditions, the eight-hour to ten-hour working system can be flexibly controlled. After the war is over, it will be officially announced in legal form. What do you think?"

"Commander, this is great."

Su Zhaozheng was overjoyed.

Although it is not a complete "eight-hour working system", it is already a great progress to legally determine the "eight-hour to ten-hour working system".This was Su Zhaozheng's greatest wish in the labor movement 20 years ago.

Although Duan Xun's promise was many years late, Su Zhaozheng was still very happy.In China's current political system, as long as Duan Xun cares about things, it will soon be promoted.Now Duan Xun pays attention to the issue of workers' rights and interests, which will definitely have a great accelerating effect on the advancement of workers' rights and interests.

So I said again: "Chairman, there is one more thing. That is the regulation of rest on Sunday. At present, many government agencies and some factories have a certain rest system. However, this kind of rest system is voluntary and there is no clear regulation. Therefore, it is necessary to determine a clear rest day and stipulate the rest day in laws and regulations."

Rest on Sunday, this is the inheritance of Europe and the United States.

It must have something to do with Christianity.At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, China also began to be influenced by European and American countries, and some industries began to rest on Sundays.However, so far this matter has not been enacted from the government level.

What Su Zhaozheng wanted was to stipulate this matter.

"This is the same as the 'eight-hour working system'. You should also go to Vice Chairman Yang."

"Chairman, apart from these two issues, there are many other things about workers' rights and interests. Their wages, their work-related injury claims, and the protection of women workers' rights and so on."

"I know I know."

Workers' rights encompass many things.

Duan Xun didn't pay much attention before, not because he didn't care, but because he couldn't formulate too much, too deadly, and affect economic development.Especially in the past 20 years, the development of China's economy has obviously sacrificed the interests of many workers and peasants.But Duan Xun was preparing for war, World War II, so he could only take an indifferent attitude.It is precisely because Duan Xun failed to implement the "eight-hour working system" that Su Zhaozheng decided that other problems were even more unsolvable.

Therefore, the main task of the Federation of Trade Unions before was to consult with the various ministries and commissions of the cabinet.In order to get some policy protection.But these are not guaranteed by law.Now that Duan Xun was talking about the formulation of laws, Su Zhaozheng immediately started talking.

The issue of workers' wages and the issue of industrial injury claims are the places where the current contradictions are very concentrated.There is also the question of the protection of female workers.Although the government has been advocating equality between men and women, women also come out to work.But compared with men, women's rights are more difficult to guarantee.

"Chairman Su, don't be impatient. These things have to be resolved slowly. I am talking to you today about the establishment of a new department in the cabinet, that is, the Ministry of Labor. The Ministry of Labor has a legal department under its jurisdiction. What you said Let the Legal Department of the Ministry of Labor be responsible for the problem. After the Legal Department of the Ministry of Labor organizes those, it will be submitted to Congress for review and finally announced. It is a time of war, and it is not appropriate to publish these laws and regulations. But the Ministry of Labor can take the lead in planning these, and then Discuss with Vice Chairman Yang and announce it after the war is over. In addition to formulating these laws and regulations, the Ministry of Labor also has to supervise the implementation of these laws and regulations. I want you to take charge of the work of the Ministry of Labor and the Federation of Trade Unions. You How do you feel?"

"Chairman, I am willing to take responsibility."

"it is good."

In fact, it is not just that Su Zhaozheng is going to be in charge of the Ministry of Labor and the Federation of Trade Unions. Duan Xun plans to promote Su Zhaozheng as the deputy prime minister.I will be specifically responsible for this aspect in the future.It's just that Duan Xun still needs to discuss this matter with Dai Kan and the other vice chairmen.After all, it is the position of deputy prime minister, and Duan Xun is not good at deciding on his own.

"In addition to listening to Chairman Su's words today and telling you about the establishment of the Ministry of Labor, there is one more thing I want to discuss with you."

"Chairman, tell me."

At this time, Su Zhaozheng's attitude improved a lot.Because Duan Xun is finally going to take action to make changes for workers' rights.

Duan Xun said: "It's about pension issues."

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"It's about retirement."

"Retirement?"

"Correct."

Duan Xun nodded and said: "Chairman Su, since the implementation of the retirement system in our country, there have been quite a few people who have retired these years. At present, those retired officials and retired workers have two types of pensions. The pensions of government officials are both It is the burden of the government department, and it is paid by the government's finances. The pensions of the retired workers of those national enterprises are the burden of the enterprises. As for the retired workers of some foreign-funded enterprises, joint ventures, and private enterprises, it is more difficult to get retirement wages. There is no so-called retirement salary. Even many of these companies have left the factory before retirement, and the factory will not let them stay until retirement age. It can be said that China’s retirement security is a mess.”

"Yes. Especially in private enterprises, there is no concept of retirement wages."

Su Zhaozheng nodded.

Su Zhaozheng has been the chairman of the Federation of Trade Unions for many years, but it is not for nothing.He has checked the situation of various factories in China over the years.Workers in private enterprises have absolutely no guarantee in this respect.Even these workers don't think about the issue of old-age care, because they have no concept of this aspect at all.For them, how much work and how much money they earn.As for pension issues, I have nothing to do with them.

Su Zhaozheng has actually considered these issues.

But did not mention it.