Beiyang reactionaries

There are many leaders of the national liberation movement in India.

Among them, there are four most famous people, one is Gandhi, one is Nehru, one is Chandra Bose, and the other is Muhammad Jinnah.But despite the calls, the vendetta between Hindus and Muslims is by no means over.

And at this time Jinnah had a conflict with Gandhi again.

Jinnah opposed Gandhi's non-cooperation program.But in the Congress Party at this time Gandhi has the greatest influence, even Nehru and Chandra Bose cannot be compared.Therefore, in 1921, Jinnah withdrew from the Congress Party and began to concentrate on the affairs of the All-India Muslim League.

In 1935, the British approved the Government of India Act, and 11 Indian provinces began to enjoy self-government.India began its general elections, with the Congress Party winning a majority.Jinnah is from the Congress Party, so he hopes that the Congress Party will cooperate with the All India Muslim League.This would also eliminate sectarian feuds between Hindus and Muslims.But the Congress Party is in power at this time, how can it cooperate with the All India Muslim League.

The Congress Party can even kick out such giants of the Congress Party as Chandra Bose, let alone the All India Muslim League.Therefore, the Congress Party insisted on forming a government with one party and did not want the All India Muslim League to enter the government. This completely angered Muhammad Jinnah.

Therefore, in 1940, Jinnah presided over the annual meeting of the "Muslim League" and passed the famous "Pakistan Resolution", requiring the provinces inhabited by Muslims to separate from India and establish an Islamic country.

But how to build a country?

This world is not what it used to be. It is impossible for any country or organization to exist alone.Just like the modern history of China, whether it was the ministers of Westernization in the late Qing Dynasty, or the later warlords of the Beiyang Army, the Southern Warlords, or even the KMT and the Communist Party, it was impossible to carry out the Chinese revolution independently of the world.Because the current world is slowly integrating, whether it is a big country or a small country, the domestic game is actually the game of the world's big countries.

The same is true for India.

At present, the power in India is in the hands of the British, and the Congress Party is the dominant party in the mainland.The All-India Muslim League is currently at a disadvantage, and it is not easy to establish an Islamic country according to their ideas.That's why they set their sights abroad, hoping to get the support of other powers.At present, China is the most suitable.

Not to mention that China is a big country, just the location of China is different.

In history, India and Pakistan have been in constant disputes and bloody Kashmir, but China currently occupies more than half of it.When China and Britain were negotiating on the issue of the Tibetan border, China controlled more than half of Kashmir.Because most of this place was the seat of the Dalak Kingdom back then.

And where is Kashmir?

Inserted directly into the core area of ​​northern India.So China has a lot of influence in India.Mohammad Jinnah hoped to get China's support and to attract foreign aid for the establishment of an Islamic state.

"Chairman Duan, thank you very much for being so attentive when your country entertained you."

After sitting down, Muhammad Jinnah first thanked Duan Xun.Because he is a Muslim, when he came to Beijing, he paid great attention to food and other etiquette when entertaining him.

"Should be."

Duan Xun smiled and said: "People-to-people exchanges, dialogues between nations, and exchanges between countries should all respect each other. This is the foundation. And this respect includes their respective histories, their respective Culture, including their own religious beliefs. More than 2000 years ago, a sage in our country said, do not do to others what you do not want to do to others. Do not impose on others what you do not want to do. We also hope that other countries and nation, respect the history and culture of our country, and respect the religious beliefs of all ethnic groups in our country. Since we want other countries to treat us this way, we must of course treat other countries and nations in the same way.”

"This sage of your country is indeed a great man."

"Every nation has heroes and sages of every nation. I think these people are treasures of the world and should be respected."

"Yes."

Mohammad Jinnah was very happy with Duan Xun's statement.

It is not so easy for him to lead the All-India Muslim League to establish an Islamic country.The UK disagrees, and neither does the Congress Party.Although it has the support of Muslims in India, its power is still limited.There are quite a few Muslims in India, but the power in their hands is not enough.

If you want money, you don't have money, if you want strength, you don't have strength.

The reason why he asked China was just a glimmer of hope.Unexpectedly, after arriving in Beijing, the reception from the Chinese side was very warm.Duan Xun also met him immediately the next day.Moreover, what Duan Xun said today also satisfied Mohammad Jinnah.

Of course he doesn't believe it completely.

Because of what?

Because the words of politicians are the last thing to be trusted.What you say in the morning, you can deny everything in the evening. This is a politician.But Duan Xun's attitude still gave Mohammad Jinnah great expectations.

So Mohammad Jinnah said: "Chairman Duan, I know that your country is also a multi-ethnic country. But I heard that there are very few ethnic conflicts and sectarian conflicts in your country."

"Yes."

"Can I ask how it's done?"

"Two reasons. The first reason is that we have always believed in equality and respect. We respect each other's living habits and religious beliefs. Just as there are Muslims who believe in Islam in our country, they do not eat pork. Our attitude is that other Ethnic groups cannot force these Muslims to eat pork. And in areas where Muslims gather, they should also avoid eating pork in front of them. This is a respect for their religious beliefs. But similarly, Muslims should also respect the right of other ethnic groups to eat pork. You can’t because of your If you don’t believe in your religion, force others to do the same. It’s mutual respect.”

"It should be, it should be."

Mohammad Jinnah nodded.

He has seen the vendettas between Hinduism and Muslims with his own eyes, and there are many large-scale religious vendettas every year.There is just a lack of this respect, this communication between the two of them.But this kind of respect is easier said than done.Because this kind of religious vendetta is no longer a year or two, but a contradiction accumulated over hundreds of years.

"The second point is strong legal protection."

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"The second is strong legal guarantees."

"Strong legal safeguards?"

"Yes."

Duan Xun nodded and said: "In the history of our country, there was a very famous power reform called 'Shang Yang's reform'. This happened more than 2000 years ago. When Shang Yang formulated the law, he stipulated that private fighting is not allowed. Beheading. But at that time, the country where he lived was very violent and could not be banned. The people of this country didn't care about the laws formulated by Shang Yang, and thought it was nothing more than that. Once they broke out again between the two villages The number of people who participated in the private fight was very large. Shang Yang immediately sent people to arrest these people who participated in the private fight. There were as many as several thousand people. Among them, more than 700 people were beheaded. At that time, many people pleaded with Shang Yang, thinking that the one-off Killing so many people will attract a lot of notoriety. But Shang Yang did not accept their suggestion, and still beheaded more than 700 people in accordance with his own laws, which caused a sensation in the whole country. The result was that a few years later the country The private fighting situation has been greatly improved."

"This……"

Mohammad Jinnah didn't know what to say after listening to it.It's not a battle on the battlefield, but more than 700 people were killed at one time. Such a thing is really rare.Duan Xun looked at Mohammad Jinnah and said seriously: "Chairman Jinnah, I would like to ask, how many people are killed and injured in India every year because of the battle between Hinduism and Muslims?"

"There is no specific statistics, but it should not be less than [-] people."

Muhammad Jinnah answered cautiously.

Duan Xun smiled.

Because Duan Xun knew that this number was definitely compressed by an unknown number of times.It is very common for tens of thousands of people to be killed or injured in the battle between Hinduism and Muslims every year.But Duan Xun didn't expose it, after all, he wanted to save face for the other party.

So he continued: "Chairman Jinnah, think about it, how many people will be killed and injured in such conflicts over time? The best way is to use strong laws to completely stop this situation. In troubled times, use heavy codes. Fear of the law is the only way to stop this conflict. What do you think?"

"Chairman Duan, maybe this kind of sectarian conflict has never happened in your country, so I don't feel deeply about it. It is really very difficult to solve this kind of sectarian conflict simply by law."

Mohammad Jinnah smiled wryly.

Where is sectarian conflict so easily resolved.Especially in the current situation in India, it is impossible to resolve sectarian conflicts.Historically, India was not a centralized country, and the local governments and tribes below had great power.Even when the British ruled, these people were the local toubob.Even the British don't care about them, what can India do to solve it?

Make a law?

A strict law that people obey is not so easy.Every time there is a sectarian fight, those local bosses and tribal leaders are behind them.Without a strong central government, there is simply no way to control them.

Because these people are too powerful in the local area.

"Chairman Jinnah, these are just my own opinions. After all, I have limited knowledge of sectarian conflicts in India. If what I said can be of any use to you, then it is my honor. If not, then you You can listen to it as a story.”

"It is a great inspiration to me, and it is also very helpful for the future of the Islamic country that we Muslim League will establish."

Mohammad Jinnah immediately explained.

He came here this time to get help from China, so he is very careful about his words and deeds.He wasn't like that when he was young, Mohammad Jinnah was very sharp when he was young.But he is old, and he has to bear the heavy responsibility of establishing an Islamic country, so he is so cautious.

Besides, he agrees with some of Duan Xun's views.