Beiyang reactionaries

"Okay, I'll write to them right away."

70 Chongqing Founding Party

"What is a party?"

chongqing.

Not many people.

Duan Xun, Yang Wei, Jiang Hongyu, Li Jishen, Xu Yongchang, and Deng Hanxiang, a total of six people, gathered at the residence of the Chongqing Town Guard.Duan Xun believes that now is the time to form a party.After all, there are already 3 direct troops in his hands, and with some other troops, he can command 4 troops.And he has been appointed as the Superintendent of Military Affairs in Sichuan and became the Superintendent of Sichuan.Sichuan has truly become Duan Xun's territory.

So Duan Xun thought it was time to unify the group.

How a team maintains its team so that the team will not become a mess is a question that almost any team leader must consider.Duan Xun thought a lot, and also carefully considered the development of the major warlords in the Republic of China, and of course the development of the KMT and the Communist Party.During the period of the Republic of China, the development of warlords in various regions had its own characteristics, but most of the warlords maintained a team by relying on clan, fellow countrymen, classmates, teachers and students.

This includes the current Beiyang Army and the later local warlords, all of which are like this.This is in line with Zeng Guofan's Hunan Army and Li Hongzhang's Huai Army model.

But what about the results?

Neither is good.

With these warlords maintaining a group, almost all troops were not able to escape the disintegration.The officers under his command are self-respecting, and there is only superficial unity. In fact, they have never been able to become a modern army.Once there is enough temptation, these troops will turn against each other in an instant.

Chiang Kai-shek was able to rule China for many years by bribing the officers under the warlords.Every time he was unfavorable on the battlefield, Chiang Kai-shek used his official position and money to seduce the generals under the warlords, and it always worked.The cohesion of the warlord troops can be seen.

Including the later National Revolutionary Army.

Chiang Kai-shek's Central Army was not able to escape this pattern either.As a result, there are many factions within the Central Army.Although it is normal to have a faction, if this faction affects the cooperation of the team, it will be a very big problem.

If we say that the first army with the color of modernization is definitely not Yuan Shikai's Beiyang Army, but the vigorous Northern Expedition Army.It's just that this army soon degenerated into an army similar to a feudal society.

Wanting to get rid of these, Duan Xun believes that it is still impossible to command the army purely with emotion.

The army maintained by emotion and the army maintained by interests are the most likely, or the easiest to collapse.In modern times, if an army wants to keep from collapsing, it needs the army to have a clear goal and a common goal.To put it mildly, a team must have faith and ideals.

In fact, the simplest slogan is nationalism, because it is the easiest slogan to gain people's support, and it is also the easiest thing to incite people's hearts.However, once nationalism is not well controlled, it can easily evolve into a situation like the Nazis, and it will become very extreme.Once a big country like China goes to the form of Nazism, no one can control it.Even the boss of this group, he couldn't control it.At that time, it is easy to fall into a place of no return.

So Duan Xun is unwilling to use this slogan, because Duan Xun is not sure that he can control such a group.But a group has clear development goals, and a common belief is a must.Therefore, Duan Xun decided to use the current time to establish a party in Chongqing.

But the number cannot be many.

Duan Xun is still a general of the Beiyang Army, and his strength is still very weak, so he doesn't want to be the target of public criticism.When Duan Xun has enough ability, then Duan Xun can disclose his political ideas and platform.

But not now.

So what Duan Xun needs now is to unify the understanding of the core members of his team.

"He is an organization, in fact, it is no different from the army. Let me give you an example, the second revolution mentioned by the Kuomintang. A party with combat effectiveness should be an efficient party. When Sun Yat-sen asked to raise troops against Yuan, they could hold a meeting Discussion, if Sun Yat-sen's proposal is opposed and fails to pass, then Sun Yat-sen should immediately abandon the original proposal and discuss with everyone how to deal with it within the scope of the law. But after the anti-Yuan resolution is passed, the entire Kuomintang should take action .The Kuomintang organizations in Beijing are going to go underground, and those Kuomintang MPs should choose to resign and go south. This is public opinion preparation.”

"In terms of action, the Kuomintang Central Committee decided to raise troops against Yuan, so the Kuomintang in various places should respond quickly. The Kuomintang Central Committee must formulate a plan for raising troops, and then party members at all levels must follow the plan. It is not like the second revolution. Today we This side is independent, and tomorrow I will be independent. At this time, the Beiyang Army troops have already gone south to defeat each other. This is the worst example of failure."

"It can be said that the Kuomintang is the epitome of a failed party. Song Jiaoren founded the Kuomintang and gave up his original ideas, causing many people from the former Tongmenghui to leave the Kuomintang. Then a lot of messy people were added. It seems that the number of people has expanded and the strength Powerful, in fact, is a house built on the beach."

When comparing Duan Xun with the Kuomintang, it is because the Kuomintang is currently the most well-known party in China, and it can also be regarded as the party with the most modern taste.Forming a party is certainly about learning from the KMT's successes and failures.

"My ideal party should be like this. For example, today we are discussing whether to ban guns among the people. At this time, everyone should express their opinions and fully express their ideas at the meeting. Then everyone holds a vote. As long as there is a resolution, Regardless of your different views on this resolution, as long as it is decided at the meeting, then you must obey unconditionally. If you have opinions, you can continue to make suggestions, but you must act in accordance with the resolution Sit and do it. Maybe after a few years, everyone will find that your suggestion is correct. But even so, after the resolution is formed, even if you are correct, you must obey the resolution. This is a correct organizational concept.”

"It's the same as the army. During the military meeting, everyone can express their opinions. But once the decision is made, no matter what your thoughts are, you have to fight according to the plan."

Strong party organization.

It's hard to be honest.After the success of the Soviet Revolution, various CCP organizations were established around the world following the Soviet CCP as a model.And these organizations belong to proletarian parties, mostly workers' parties.

They learned from the Soviet Union, and the political parties have very strict organizations.Strict organization, strict discipline, and unified government orders are very different from many other political parties, especially bourgeois party organizations.

It is not so easy for Duan Xun to have the organizational form of CCP.But a loose political party, such as the Kuomintang, will never succeed under the current situation in China.

Therefore, Duan Xun can only settle for the next best thing and choose another method, which is the army model.After all, Duan Xun was born in the army, and currently most of Duan Xun's generals are army officers.There is a model in Chinese history for building a party in the model of the army, or some people have tried it, and the effect is very good.

That was the literary club in Hubei in the late Qing Dynasty.

This is a group that made its debut in the year of [-], but soon disappeared into history like a meteor.Later generations studied the Revolution of [-], and the Literary Society was always neglected.The Tongmenghui and the Gongjinhui are frequently mentioned, but the role of the literary society has been repeatedly ignored.But if you study the Wuchang Uprising carefully and study the Literature Society, you will find that this is a very outstanding group.

A group of grassroots officers and soldiers in the army was able to develop more than 2000 members under Zhang Zhidong's nose.It became the core force of the Wuchang Uprising.

Among the various revolutionary parties in the late Qing Dynasty, none of the revolutionary party organizations could compare with the literary society in terms of organizational rigor.They have also been attacked, and the Qing court has arrested their people, including their leaders.But every time the Literature Society could not be eradicated, it was because the Literature Society was tightly organized, and not because of one or two mistakes, the entire organization was threatened.Because most of the literature clubs are soldiers, they understand the importance of discipline better, which makes the literature club have very strict discipline like soldiers.

It's just that their status was too low, and they didn't have a clear political program. After the Wuchang Uprising, they were quickly absorbed by the Tongmenghui, and their backbone forces were repeatedly attacked by Li Yuanhong, completely disappearing from the stage of history.

What Duan Xun wants to learn is the literary club.

Of course, Duan Xun has a higher status, stronger strength, and a better position than the Literature Club.Duan Xun used the "New Three People's Principles" as his platform, supplemented by the organizational philosophy of the Literature Club, and with the memory of later generations, Duan Xun's organizational discipline became stricter.In terms of organizational relationship, it is also much more advanced than the literary society.

Duan Xun's meaning is very simple.

It is currently impossible to establish an organization like CCP.Not only is it not suitable in theory, but Duan Xun's military background is also unlikely to accept this theory, and more importantly, Duan Xun doesn't have that much time.

It is impossible to establish an organization like CCP without a long period of preparation.Because the concept of CCP is not popular in China at all, or the Chinese people don’t know it at all.Duan Xun needs time to promote this concept, and then organize CCP, but this will take a long time.

In comparison, regardless of Sun Yat-sen, the Three People's Principles have been promoted in China for ten years.Duan Xun dubbed the "New Three People's Principles", which was also easy for his subordinates to accept.

Therefore, Duan Xun took the "New Three People's Principles" as his concept and established a political party based on the military model.

As long as you are attracted by this slogan, join the party established by Duan Xun.Then Duan Xun will use a kind of order that you understand me, and you must execute it.You don't understand my order, but you still have to carry it out.Using this typical military model, use relatively strong discipline to first establish this party, and then gradually improve it.

Of course, the first step is to use your own theory to attract people to join.

On May 1916, 5, Duan Xun founded the party in Chongqing and named it the People's Party.The six people present, plus the seven Wang Yongjiang who is still in western Henan, serve as directors of the People's Party.Duan Xun served as the chairman of the People's Party, and Yang Wei served as the secretary-general of the People's Party.Jiang Hongyu served as the chairman of the People's Party Chuandong, and Li Jishen served as the deputy director of the People's Party Chuandong.

71 public opinion

"Jiang Hongyu."

"arrive."

"Appoint Jiang Hongyu as the chief of staff of the Seventeenth Division, concurrently as the envoy of Eastern Sichuan, and concurrently as the mayor of Chongqing."

"Yes."

Originally, Duan Xun was only the military affairs supervisor of Sichuan, and had no power to appoint the guard envoy of eastern Sichuan and the mayor of Chongqing.After all, Chen Heng, the nominal Sichuan observer, is still in Chengdu, but Chen Heng is just a grasshopper after autumn, and Duan Xun doesn't care.

Start appointing your own people directly in Chongqing.

"Li Jishen."

"arrive."

"The 17rd Brigade of the No.33 Division was established, under the jurisdiction of the original 67th Regiment (regiment leader Li Jishen), the original 69th Regiment (regiment leader Wan Xuancai), and the Artillery Regiment (regiment leader Fang Dingying). Joining the 33rd Brigade, the specific allocation of the 33rd Brigade is decided by oneself. Li Jishen served as the commander of the 33rd Brigade, and Wan Xuancai served as the deputy commander of the 33rd Brigade. Li Jishen also served as the Chongqing Town Guard and was based in Chongqing."