Beiyang reactionaries

The relationship between China and Japan is also very delicate.

Although the strength of the United Kingdom has declined a lot, it is the hegemon of the world after all, and it is still the leader in maintaining the current world order.As long as the diplomatic means are used well, there will still be enough influence in the Far East to get enough benefits.

Because regardless of whether it is China or Japan, although they don't like Britain, they all need to rely on Britain.Whoever Britain supports will increase its strength here.

At this time, the UK should make a smarter choice.

But look, what now?

The United Kingdom is aloof, and negotiations with China have been unable to negotiate.

It completely angered China and made the situation of British businessmen in China worse and worse.In the "Beijing Treaty" signed by China and Britain before, China has already shown goodwill.Start fighting the fire among the people, hoping not to target British businessmen.During that time, all public opinion in China stopped attacking the UK.But now that Britain has been slow to give an answer on the issue of the concession, Chinese public opinion is once again targeting Britain.

Moreover, China earlier reached a series of cooperation agreements with the Soviet Union, and later reached an agreement with Germany, and now it is trying to win over the United States.If this continues, what influence will Britain still have in China a few years from now?

China China.

After suffering a great setback in China in 1923, Ma Kelei has been carefully understanding China for this year.The more you know about China, the more anxious Marklei becomes.

Duan Xun was in a hurry.

I think China's foundation is too poor.

There are many things I want to do, but I can't do many things, which makes Duan Xun anxious.

But Ma Kelei looked at China more anxiously than Duan Xun.Because Duan Xun thinks China's development is too slow, but Ma Kelei thinks China's rise is too fast.

Look at China's mining industry development.

That's called a ferocity.

Starting from coal production, antimony ore, tungsten ore, and tin ore, the output of these mines has increased rapidly, and exports are also increasing, bringing huge wealth.

Coal digging?

Workers are the best to find.Because coal mining workers do not need any knowledgeable people, this is a job that even illiterates can do, as long as they can contribute.Therefore, as far as the mining industry is concerned, as long as the government invests, it will develop very quickly.

Then there is China's steel industry.

Although the Chinese government does not disclose steel production, Markle also has its own intelligence.Not to mention anything else, just look at China's railway construction in the past few years, and you will know that China's steel production has increased.

Regardless of railway construction, the carriages currently used by Chinese railways are all produced by China itself.

Steel is all its own.

Looking at the development of China's education, the number of primary schools, middle schools, and vocational colleges is increasing rapidly.Not to mention that China is still carrying out literacy campaigns recently.

China is too big and has too many people.

Ma Kelei was very anxious.

Now that China is about to reach a "commercial treaty" with the United States, what will Britain do then?

"You immediately send a telegram to London, urging London to reach an agreement with China as soon as possible. Tell them that if there is no result between China and Britain, the empire will really lose to the United States in the Far East. Ask London to make up its mind as soon as possible. And According to the current negotiation conditions between China and the United States, China can also be required to open these cities to the empire and give the imperial merchants equal treatment."

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Internal and external.

All are important.

Internal strength is the foundation, and external strength is the moves.

To fight, you must have sufficient internal strength and excellent external strength.This is true for the people in martial arts novels, and so is the development of a country.

To make yourself strong and stable internally is to cultivate your internal strength and increase your own strength.In the international arena, create a favorable international environment for yourself, which can help you improve your strength, that is, exert your strength in external skills.

This is the case in China now.

While practicing internal skills, Duan Xun also attached great importance to external skills.The current China wants to appear on the world stage with a brand new look, and it attaches great importance to diplomacy.Although the current world trade is not very good, it cannot be compared with the world trade a hundred years later, and it is even worse than before the First World War.After the end of World War I, countries around the world are currently engaged in tariff wars, which have greatly damaged the original international trade order.The current world trade has decreased by 20.00% compared to before the First World War.

But for China, the current international trade cannot be ignored.

In 1923, China's import and export trade volume reached nearly one billion U.S. dollars, which was double China's fiscal revenue.For China, the current trade deficit is very large. In 1923, China's import and export trade deficit reached 3000 million US dollars, nearly [-] million silver dollars.Because what China sells are the most basic raw materials.

Starting from peanuts and peanut kernels, tung oil, bristles, cane sugar, tea, pig intestines, almonds, fur, sesame, and tungsten ore, antimony ore, tin ore and so on.

Everything is raw material.

The price cannot go up.

And what about imported ones?

All are industrial products.

Not to mention anything else, China's mining industry has developed rapidly in recent years.However, China cannot produce those mining equipment by itself and needs to import them from abroad.

How expensive the machinery and equipment are.

A set of machinery and equipment can cost hundreds of thousands of dollars or even millions of dollars.How many things does China have to export before it can buy a piece of machinery and equipment.

you could put it that way.

If it weren't for the fact that China is such a big country, the products are very rich, and there are so many things for export.In addition, the government still has a lot of gold and silver in its hands. Otherwise, the import volume of nearly 1923 million U.S. dollars in [-] would have crushed China's finances.

And this is just the beginning.

With the rollout of China's industrial plan, China's imports increased even more rapidly in 1924.The import and export deficit also continued to expand.Of course, in history, China has never had a surplus in imports and exports from the end of the Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China, and has always been in deficit.In the year of Xinhai (1911), China's total import and export volume reached nearly [-] million taels, while the deficit reached [-] million taels.

When Duan Xun took over Beijing (1920), China's import and export volume dropped a lot due to the impact of the First World War, but it was still about 12 billion taels, with a deficit of [-] million taels.

In the past three years, China's import and export volume has soared, and the deficit has also soared.In this way, a large amount of Chinese silver flowed abroad.

But this is something that cannot be helped.To develop China's heavy industry, it is necessary to import these machinery and equipment from foreign powers.In the foreseeable future, China's import and export deficit cannot be changed.Because for some time to come, China will still export those raw materials, and it is impossible to export any industrial products.What is to be imported are those machinery and equipment with technical content, as well as some industrial products.In particular, chemicals that are frequently used in daily life are imported in a surprising amount.

The import and export trade volume of nearly one billion US dollars is still very important to the Chinese economy.It is even more important for China's finances.Because the annual customs tariff revenue still accounts for half of China's fiscal revenue.

So Duan Xun should pay more attention to China's diplomacy.

We must quickly open up the diplomatic situation.

Therefore, after entering 1924, Duan Xun was developing China's internal affairs while developing diplomacy.First, the "Sino-British Beijing Treaty" was reached with the United Kingdom, which resolved issues such as customs and compensation.Then it strengthened relations with Germany and strengthened "barter".At present, Germany lacks foreign exchange, and China is even more short of foreign exchange.

So the two countries decided to barter.

After the two sides set the price, China uses raw materials and Germany uses their machinery and equipment for exchange.Calculated in terms of currency value, the import and export trade volume between China and Germany after 1924 exceeded 8000 million US dollars.The current Sino-German trade is second only to Sino-US trade and Sino-British trade.