Lord of Ming Dynasty

Low-level certification does not require you to be literate or have read books, as long as you can get something in the industry and get government approval.

And can get the qualification to go to adult night school for free. If you graduate from the night school, that is to say, you know ten Arabic numerals and more than one hundred characters, you can take the qualification certification level two examination.

These exams are all focused on industry leaders. If you can speak clearly about farm work and record it with the help of others, and if you can understand it yourself, you will be able to obtain a second-level qualification certification.

These people were all requisitioned by the government to help solve problems such as going to the countryside to count the amount of farmland, how much it produces, how much iron can be smelted, how much iron can be hammered in a day, whether some things made by carpenters meet the standards set by the government, and help the government solve the problems of contact with people in these industries. Task.

Of course, these people do not need to receive wages. They will be paid when they are requisitioned.Promote Jin Lin to lead the 11th Field Brigade, Ma Sanli to lead the 12th Field Brigade, Du Ge to lead the 6rd Field Brigade, He Jin to lead the 13th Field Brigade, and the remaining Field Brigade No. 13 Field Brigade to be transferred to the southwest of Guangzhou. Ma Han took over the No.[-] field brigade, and then transferred Feng Wuyu's second field brigade to the southwest defense line, and Feng Wuyu followed to the southwest defense line to take charge of the work there.

Xuanyuan Longfei was transferred to Wuchang Mansion, and the Fifth Field Brigade still followed.

Ruan Jin took over Ma Weixing's [-]th Field Brigade and was stationed in Anqing Prefecture. The generals were changed, but the soldiers of the [-]th Field Brigade did not move, and the station did not move.

The Ninth Field Brigade did not move, and the commander was replaced by Bagyalu. The Third Cavalry Brigade was transferred to the central Jinhua Mansion, and Wei Wuji personally took charge of it.

Ma Weiren, the commander of the Ninth Field Brigade, went to take over the No.18 Field Brigade and stationed in Hanyang Prefecture.

The No.20 Sixth Field Brigade was transferred from the Hubei battlefield to defend the Southern Ming Army in Shaoguan, Guangdong.

When you want to go one step further, the government has launched a three-level qualification certification. These people must be able to speak well and be able to count and write. These people are generally veterans or businessmen's buddies, old officials in the government, or have been famous for a long time Some of them are directly recruited by the government and given to a clerk. These clerks spend more than half of their time working in the government, and they are called the low-level clerks of the government.

They have no possibility of being promoted to government servants, but they can assist the government in doing things, even put forward some good suggestions, and develop good things. The government will sell their suggestions and research and development at a high price. This is the government's achievements. The civil servants above have to rely on them if they want to be promoted to higher-level section officials.

The fourth level is usually those who have read books and have profound attainments in the industry. They also have the heart of being an official. Members can be promoted to official positions, and can be promoted to positions such as clerks, document offices, book books, etc., which are equivalent to the assistants of township heads and town heads.

You Haibo’s Department of Officials, Zhang Huangyan’s Department of Household Affairs, Li Guangdi’s Department of Education and Administration, Xiao Dazhuang’s Department of Punishment, Qian Bingdeng’s Ministry of Rites, Zhang Mingzhen’s Ministry of Agriculture, Zhu Panpan’s Ministry of Industry and Commerce, Li Guo’s Ministry of War, Wan Siyuan’s Ministry of Industry, Zhang Liang’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and the Ministry of People’s Affairs Huang Tao, Wei Wuji of the Ministry of National Defense, Du Ge of the Supervision Department, and Milin of the Military Intelligence Department, all the departments are fully equipped.

Another: Director of Recruit Training, Tian Xian, Vice Minister of Military Intelligence Tian Bin

Members from all parties, Zhang Mingzhen from Zhejiang Province, Li Guangxiong from Fujian Province, Jinsheng from Guangxi Prefecture, Mi Chun from Jiangxi Prefecture, Tang Dianfeng from Huguangzhou Province, Gu Yuesheng from Hubei Province, Fang Yizhi from Henan Province, Qian Bingdeng from Yunnan and Guizhou Prefecture, Lin Chengcheng from Anhui Prefecture , Liu Liangzuo, Yunnan Prefecture, and Zhu Dayou, Governor of Baodao.

These people who can read books and study skills in various industries will eventually become deputy township heads, deputy mayors, or research officials. More senior officials can take the imperial examination and then enter a higher research institution.

This is Zhang Qiang cultivating talents for the few smart scientists in his hands.

We can’t always let Sebastian and Francois do research, they need helpers, and it’s too slow to rely on them to train some apprentices, which is not good for the technological development of the Huaxia Army, so Zhang Qiang has to find those folk talents from Huaxia Come out and send them to their research institute, let them learn while helping and inspiring the two of them, so as to speed up their development.

The new carriage was made under the inspiration of Zhang Qiang and with the help of old carpenters and blacksmiths.

At the same time, under the advice and promotion of a businessman or a treasurer-born researcher, he quickly entered the army and civilians of the Huaxia Army, and gained commercial and national interests.

Let the society promote its own development. Zhang Qiang is only a bystander and a guide. Otherwise, with his knowledge structure, insight, and historical knowledge, he will not be able to reach the level of other traversers in 100 years. years of development

Chapter 48 The shackles have been opened

The prosperous business of the Chinese Empire is like a vigorous spring. After the gurgling, the Chinese Empire opened up a slanting door with Turkey, and most importantly, after Turkey developed trade.

Previously, although the Chinese Empire had reached the border of Iran, and even opened the mouth of the Indian Ocean, and seized the Gulf of Siam next to the Bay of Bengal, in fact, the British in India would not do business with the Chinese Empire because of the blockade. And the Pacific Ocean, and even Oceania in Australia were beaten into a mess. From then on, they could not enter these areas to do business for decades. The entire huge ocean has changed from a busy seaway to a desolate ocean where the sky is high and birds can fly.

Only the ships of the merchants of the Chinese Empire shuttled across the ocean. The merchants of the Chinese Empire entertained themselves and communicated with Australia and Luzon Island, and even the commercial trade in the Strait of Malacca. Trade has become quiet as water.

"In Europe in the 16th and 17th centuries, the long Middle Ages had come to an end. The Renaissance brought people's awakening, and the dogmatic authority of cumbersome philosophy and theology that restricted the free development of people's thinking was gradually destroyed. The feudal society began to disintegrate and replaced it. The most important is the capitalist society, the productive forces are greatly liberated. The prosperity of capitalist workshops and handicrafts and the transition to machine production promote the rapid development of technical science and mathematics.

In navigation, for example, more precise astronomical observations are required to determine the position of ships.In military terms, ballistics became a central subject of research.The manufacture of accurate timepieces, the excavation of canals, the construction of dams, the theory of elliptical orbits of planets, etc., also require many complicated calculations.Elementary mathematics since ancient Greece has gradually been unable to meet the needs of the time. "

More than enough.

The Chinese Empire has made considerable progress in terms of academic culture, civilization development, and technological development. Although there is still such a gap with the West, and it is possible that the pace of the West will be widened, because the West is still surrounded by vassal states. , the wars continued, and they promoted and developed each other in the wars.

However, the Huaxia Empire has entered a period of recuperation for a stable agricultural economy. The first period of recuperation is the rapid increase in population, filling the large gaps in the country, the second is the rapid development of agriculture, and the third is the rapid development of commerce. However, the fourth one is not good, because once the Chinese land develops to this place, it will be called the prosperous dynasty by later generations, and then it will flourish and decline.

The emperor would restrict them if he was more enlightened, and then these scholars, scholars and bureaucrats began to restrict the emperor in turn, or complained that the emperor was benevolent and could not compete with the people for interests, they talked nonsense, replaced every order of the emperor, and then acted like a Just like children, adults give one yuan, they go to buy soy sauce for eighty cents, and the remaining twenty cents are theirs.

Zhang Huangyan walked all the way, passing through the countryside, and learned about these things through the mouth of the young guide who led the way.

Low-level certification does not require you to be literate or have read books, as long as you can get something in the industry and get government approval.

And can get the qualification to go to adult night school for free. If you graduate from the night school, that is to say, you know ten Arabic numerals and more than one hundred characters, you can take the qualification certification level two examination.

These exams are all focused on industry leaders. If you can speak clearly about farm work and record it with the help of others, and if you can understand it yourself, you will be able to obtain a second-level qualification certification.

These people were all requisitioned by the government to help solve problems such as going to the countryside to count the amount of farmland, how much it produces, how much iron can be smelted, how much iron can be hammered in a day, whether some things made by carpenters meet the standards set by the government, and help the government solve the problems of contact with people in these industries. Task.

Of course, these people do not need to receive wages. They will be paid when they are requisitioned.Promote Jin Lin to lead the 11th Field Brigade, Ma Sanli to lead the 12th Field Brigade, Du Ge to lead the 6rd Field Brigade, He Jin to lead the 13th Field Brigade, and the remaining Field Brigade No. 13 Field Brigade to be transferred to the southwest of Guangzhou. Ma Han took over the No.[-] field brigade, and then transferred Feng Wuyu's second field brigade to the southwest defense line, and Feng Wuyu followed to the southwest defense line to take charge of the work there.

Xuanyuan Longfei was transferred to Wuchang Mansion, and the Fifth Field Brigade still followed.

Ruan Jin took over Ma Weixing's [-]th Field Brigade and was stationed in Anqing Prefecture. The generals were changed, but the soldiers of the [-]th Field Brigade did not move, and the station did not move.

The Ninth Field Brigade did not move, and the commander was replaced by Bagyalu. The Third Cavalry Brigade was transferred to the central Jinhua Mansion, and Wei Wuji personally took charge of it.

Ma Weiren, the commander of the Ninth Field Brigade, went to take over the No.18 Field Brigade and stationed in Hanyang Prefecture.

The No.20 Sixth Field Brigade was transferred from the Hubei battlefield to defend the Southern Ming Army in Shaoguan, Guangdong.

When you want to go one step further, the government has launched a three-level qualification certification. These people must be able to speak well and be able to count and write. These people are generally veterans or businessmen's buddies, old officials in the government, or have been famous for a long time Some of them are directly recruited by the government and given to a clerk. These clerks spend more than half of their time working in the government, and they are called the low-level clerks of the government.

They have no possibility of being promoted to government servants, but they can assist the government in doing things, even put forward some good suggestions, and develop good things. The government will sell their suggestions and research and development at a high price. This is the government's achievements. The civil servants above have to rely on them if they want to be promoted to higher-level section officials.

The fourth level is usually those who have read books and have profound attainments in the industry. They also have the heart of being an official. Members can be promoted to official positions, and can be promoted to positions such as clerks, document offices, book books, etc., which are equivalent to the assistants of township heads and town heads.

You Haibo’s Department of Officials, Zhang Huangyan’s Department of Household Affairs, Li Guangdi’s Department of Education and Administration, Xiao Dazhuang’s Department of Punishment, Qian Bingdeng’s Ministry of Rites, Zhang Mingzhen’s Ministry of Agriculture, Zhu Panpan’s Ministry of Industry and Commerce, Li Guo’s Ministry of War, Wan Siyuan’s Ministry of Industry, Zhang Liang’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and the Ministry of People’s Affairs Huang Tao, Wei Wuji of the Ministry of National Defense, Du Ge of the Supervision Department, and Milin of the Military Intelligence Department, all the departments are fully equipped.

Another: Director of Recruit Training, Tian Xian, Vice Minister of Military Intelligence Tian Bin

Members from all parties, Zhang Mingzhen from Zhejiang Province, Li Guangxiong from Fujian Province, Jinsheng from Guangxi Prefecture, Mi Chun from Jiangxi Prefecture, Tang Dianfeng from Huguangzhou Province, Gu Yuesheng from Hubei Province, Fang Yizhi from Henan Province, Qian Bingdeng from Yunnan and Guizhou Prefecture, Lin Chengcheng from Anhui Prefecture , Liu Liangzuo, Yunnan Prefecture, and Zhu Dayou, Governor of Baodao.

These people who can read books and study skills in various industries will eventually become deputy township heads, deputy mayors, or research officials. More senior officials can take the imperial examination and then enter a higher research institution.

This is Zhang Qiang cultivating talents for the few smart scientists in his hands.

We can’t always let Sebastian and Francois do research, they need helpers, and it’s too slow to rely on them to train some apprentices, which is not good for the technological development of the Huaxia Army, so Zhang Qiang has to find those folk talents from Huaxia Come out and send them to their research institute, let them learn while helping and inspiring the two of them, so as to speed up their development.

The new carriage was made under the inspiration of Zhang Qiang and with the help of old carpenters and blacksmiths.

At the same time, under the advice and promotion of a businessman or a treasurer-born researcher, he quickly entered the army and civilians of the Huaxia Army, and gained commercial and national interests.

Let the society promote its own development. Zhang Qiang is only a bystander and a guide. Otherwise, with his knowledge structure, insight, and historical knowledge, he will not be able to reach the level of other traversers in 100 years. years of development

The first thousand and forty-nine chapters are still owed

In Europe in the 16th and 17th centuries, the long Middle Ages had come to an end. The Renaissance brought people’s awakening, and the dogmatic authority of cumbersome philosophy and theology that restricted people’s free development of thought was gradually destroyed.The feudal society began to disintegrate, replaced by a capitalist society, and the productive forces were greatly liberated.The prosperity of capitalist manufacture and the transition to machine production led to the rapid development of technical science and mathematics.

In the history of science, this period saw many significant events that raised new topics for mathematics.First, Copernicus put forward the theory of earthquakes, which fundamentally shook the theory of the center of the earth, which is an important theoretical pillar of theology.His disciple Reticus saw that astronomical observations were becoming more and more sophisticated at that time, and it became urgent to calculate detailed trigonometric function tables, so he began to make sine, tangent and secant tables every 10". At that time, all calculations were done by hand. Ticus and his assistants worked diligently for 12 years, and it was not completed by his disciple Otto until his death.

During the Renaissance, due to the perspective method created by artists, projective geometry was gradually formed; after Fibonacci's "Abacus Book", some mathematical works also appeared in Europe, which promoted the development of the theory and calculation of decimal fractions In the early 16th century, the most outstanding mathematical achievement was that Italian mathematicians discovered the algebraic solutions of cubic and quartic equations, some of which used imaginary numbers, and improved the mathematical symbols at that time; in terms of the development of trigonometry, Europeans also used Trigonometry became independent from astronomy, making it an independent discipline, redefining the concepts of various trigonometric functions, and compiling very sophisticated tables of trigonometric functions.In the Middle Ages, European mathematics gradually developed after absorbing and assimilating the mathematical knowledge of Greece and Arabia.

The European method of solving cubic equations was discovered in Italy in the 16th century. At that time, mathematicians often kept their discoveries secret, but challenged their colleagues to solve the same problems.Presumably this is a very intellectual and attractive competition, and this is how the solution of the cubic equation was discovered.At first, there was a man named Fior, who learned some cubic equations from other people's secret biography, and went to challenge another man called Tartaglia.He is very smart and hardworking, mastering Latin, Greek and mathematics by self-study.This time he successfully solved all the cubic equations proposed by Fior, but Fior could not answer the questions he raised.Cardan, who was very famous at the time, begged him to teach him the method of solving the cubic equation and swore to keep it a secret. Tartaglia wrote his method into an obscure poem and handed it to Cardan.Cardan later broke his promise and published this method in a book published in 1545.In the book he writes: "Fero of Bologna discovered this method almost 30 years ago and passed it on to Fior. Fior used his queen in the competition with Tartaglia. The author had a chance to discover it. Tartaglia told me the method at my begging, but kept the proof. I found it in various forms with help. It is very difficult to do. Arrived.” Cardan’s treachery so enraged Tartaglia that he wrote a book at once to contest the priority of this method.He clashed openly with Cardan's pupil Ferrari.Later, Ferrari solved the formula solution of the quartic equation.