From Chief to Ball

It is easy for hydrogen fluoride to kill a person, and it is completely incurable. Even if it does not die at the time, the long-term harm will follow for a lifetime, and the bones will irreversibly melt.

The other method is not much better. After roasting fluorite, soda ash, and silica sand, the previously purified alumina is treated with sulfuric acid to obtain aluminum sulfate, and then aluminum sulfate and the roasted products of the previous three raw materials are used to form cryolite.

It seems that this method does not produce hydrogen fluoride, but the intermediate product sodium fluoride produced by the calcination of the first three raw materials has a very low solubility in water, only about [-]%.If the concentration is too low, it will be difficult to grasp the ratio of raw materials in the next step, and Chen Jian is not clear about the ratio of raw materials, so he can only try a little bit.

Although there is no need to contact highly toxic hydrofluoric acid, the process of trying it will take a few months at least, and the purity is not easy to control. It is indeed not as easy to treat aluminum oxide with hydrofluoric acid.

Chapter 69 Three obscene pits

The production of these two products can be piled up by money and people.The original battery can also rely on money to pile up enough electricity, and even the most primitive large-scale hand-operated generator can be used.Even if it is not practical, an unstable current can be produced by craftsmen, Eucommia glue, copper wire and animal power.

Once the experimental and expensive electrolytic aluminum is successful, the most difficult first step of the entire experimental system—the energy problem—is solved.

The oxidant in thermite can be prepared by various methods, iron oxide is the most common, but the reaction rate is too fast.

The high temperature of more than 3000 degrees is a bit wasteful, but using vanadium pentoxide, which has a slower reaction rate, as the oxidant, it is not easy for Chen Jian to get this thing out for a while, so he can only use a large amount of ferric oxide regardless of the cost.

I have a sulfuric acid workshop and some people in the Flying Ball Club are willing to spend money to buy hydrogen, so I can use sulfuric acid and iron to react to produce ferrous sulfate. This cost can be ignored, and it is just a by-product.

The ferrous sulfate solution quickly reacts with excess soda ash before oxidation to form ferric hydroxide colloid, which is in the same solution as ferrous sulfate.

Use ferric hydroxide colloid as the crystal nucleus, pass through excess air after heating, let the oxygen in the air quickly oxidize ferrous iron to ferric iron, and then these ferric irons are formed in the ferric hydroxide colloid like snowflakes Coagulate and precipitate near the crystal nucleus to form pure ferric oxide.

Ferric oxide plus aluminum powder is a common thermite.

Under dry conditions, limestone is used as the base, and the mixed coke and limestone are heated with thermite in the presence of air, so that huge energy can be stored in calcium carbide in the form of endothermic reaction.

Because of the presence of nitrogen in the air and the consumption of oxygen by burning coke, a certain amount of calcium cyanamide can also be produced during the heating process.

Similarly, calcium carbide can also produce calcium cyanamide alone under the condition of heating and nitrogen.Calcium cyanamide releases ammonia gas when it meets water. This is the first method to synthesize ammonia. Under the current laboratory conditions, it is not difficult to produce it as long as there is calcium carbide.

Calcium cyanamide reacts with table salt to produce highly toxic cyanide melt, which is necessary for the metallurgical industry and is also extremely poisonous.

The cyanide melt contains highly toxic substances such as potassium cyanide, calcium cyanide, and sodium cyanide. Potassium cyanate can be produced by reacting potassium cyanide with lead oxide.

Lead oxide is easy to deal with. The red red commonly used in elixir is trilead tetroxide, and lead oxide can be obtained after heating.Or use the legendary lead acetate that can be sterilized, and heat the crude ammonia water obtained by passing distilled coal under alkaline conditions, and yellow lead oxide will appear.

Lead oxide is easy to form red in contact with air. This needs to be used at any time and prepared at any time. It is not a big problem. Lead and vinegar can still be used sufficiently.

After relying on lead oxide and potassium cyanide to produce potassium cyanate, potassium cyanate can be used to react with a large amount of silver nitrate in Chen Jian's mirror-making workshop to produce silver cyanate.

Silver cyanate reacts with ammonium chloride to form silver chloride precipitate and ammonium cyanate. At this point, there is only the last simple compound reaction of urea.

Chen Jian carefully considered the whole process. Basically, there is nothing impossible to accomplish with the current technical conditions. As long as the direction is right, the other party will not be able to find any loopholes.

After the synthesis of urea in history, the organic-inorganic debate did not stop, because the precursor raw material of ammonium cyanate could not be synthesized at that time.

However, Chen Jian’s whole process uses either metal or lime, table salt... including table salt, which can also be synthesized with chlorine gas and electrolytic sodium in an expensive way regardless of cost. It can be said that there is no loophole to exploit.

At this time, whether urea will be recognized by the other party, then we can't use chemistry and polemics, but need to jump to the wretched biology.

Amino acid is a component of protein, protein must have nitrogen, and urea contains nitrogen source, and it is a nitrogen source available to plants but not to animals.

It is impossible for people to eat urea to supplement nitrogen, there is no doubt about it.

However, there is a loophole. There are a large number of microorganisms in the stomach of ruminants such as sheep and cows. This is not clear to others, so for Chen Jian, this is a loophole that can be exploited.

These microorganisms can use urea as a nitrogen source to synthesize amino acids to supply the sheep's body.In other words, sheep are the product of the fermentation of microorganisms in the stomach of the food they eat, rather than directly using plants.

So only one cruel experiment is needed to make the other party speechless—cut the esophagus of the sheep, and feed glucose, inorganic salts, a small amount of phosphate and other life necessities without nitrogen every day, plus the only Nitrogen source urea.

In another comparative experiment, the esophagus of the other sheep was cut open and fed with sugar and nitrogen-free inorganic salts. Obviously, the sheep for comparison would die in a short time.

The surviving sheep will be weighed and dissected half a year later. As long as it can be proved that the lean meat of the sheep has also increased instead of fat, then the other party can admit that urea is an organic substance they define .

Urea exists in urine, so this experiment is equivalent to drinking urine to grow meat—although the loopholes in biology are exploited in an obscene way—but now it can be proved that matter is indestructible, and there is no need for any conversion of life essence .

The whole experiment process is long, from the beginning of the production of alumina to the completion of the last step, it is impossible for Chen Jian to do it himself, and a large number of people are needed to do laboratory labor.

Fortunately, Nan'an, Min County has such a foundation. The education started eight years ago has cultivated enough children. These children have grown up, and they can complete all the steps mechanically according to the rules and regulations.

And the large amount of funds owned by the party can also support Chen Jian to complete this whole set of experiments.

The whole process may take two years. The timing is perfect, because Chen Jian plans to hold a World Expo three years later, using various models and laboratory methods for three-dimensional demonstrations of future scenarios such as electricity and steam. It is just right to announce the results and process of the entire experiment.

During these three years, he could also continue to seduce the other party obscenely, push the other party into a dead end, make the other party think that he has no possibility of winning, and thus generate joy and frivolity after victory. Only in this way can Chen Jian have loopholes to exploit.

And use these three years to let the other party dig a pit to bury them, and then complete the fatal blow, so as not to need to dig a pit to bury them.

Urea, which does not react with any non-synthetic substances throughout the whole process, is the key to the entire debate plan, and it is also the most difficult experiment, mainly reflected in the highly toxic substances produced during the process.

Whether it is the hydrogen fluoride produced from cryolite in the early stage, or the cyanide melt and potassium cyanate in the later stage, its toxicity is at the level of the Yongzhou snake, which is almost dead on touch. The current level of protection is not enough, and the difficulty is conceivable. Know.

In addition to this main evidence of the controversy, Chen Jian also needs to use the two or three years to make several preparations, and they are all preparations for exploiting loopholes.

First force the opponent to underestimate the enemy, and then let the opponent fall into the trap you planted, there is no rush.

And the trap can't be just a urea reaction using the microorganisms hidden in the sheep's stomach, and the rest of the pit is needed to bury the opponent.

Once calcium carbide is successfully manufactured, Chen Jian can use a small amount of calcium carbide to react with water to produce acetylene.

Now that the salt industry has developed, a large amount of brine contains bromine, and Chilean saltpeter also contains a very high level of bromine. In addition to the gradual development of photography, the use of bromine and acetylene to deceive people can not only be used in debates Winning can also promote the development of the chemical industry. Use photography to improve the level of bromine and iodine extraction. Try to improve photography to the level of silver iodide and silver bromide after this debate. Basically, you can achieve real clear photography. surgery.

In the previous school experiment, Chen Jian had used concentrated sulfuric acid and alcohol to react to produce ether, and he had also anesthetized a dog at that time, which is now also used in simple surgical anesthesia of some nobles.

Bromine is soluble in water and easily soluble in ether, so bromine can be obtained by means of salt production similar to the solubility method.

Chlorine gas, which can be produced today, is also a by-product of the original soda-making process, and has been used to produce bleaching powder.The ether solution of bromine can be obtained by injecting chlorine gas into the ether solution of bittern, and the bromine can be extracted from the ether by using the difference in solubility.

The acetylene produced by the reaction of calcium carbide and water is an unsaturated compound. During the addition reaction of unsaturated compounds, hydrogen should be added to the side with more hydrogen. Therefore, when bromine reacts with acetylene—if the theorem of Chen Jian High School is correct ——It can be inferred that two bromines are likely to be on one carbon, thus generating dibromoethane, but the two bromines are not distributed on the two carbons of ethane, but are fixed on one .

In this way, when this strange product is reacted with soda ash, two hydroxides will replace the two bromines, thus completing a gorgeous turn from hydroxide to hydroxyl, although it seems that hydroxyl and hydroxide The roots look the same, but still need to be transformed.

Because the two bromines were connected to the same carbon of ethane before, the two hydroxyl groups will also be connected to the same carbon, but one carbon cannot accommodate two hydroxyl groups, so it will collapse at the moment of formation .

A hydroxyl group must take away a hydrogen from the carbon around it to form water, and then the original one-carbon dihydroxyl group becomes an aldehyde group, thereby forming acetaldehyde.

It goes without saying that acetaldehyde can undergo a silver mirror reaction, and the silver mirror reaction of maltose can be used insignificantly to entice others to believe that acetaldehyde is the first step in the synthesis of sugar.

Furthermore, acetaldehyde can produce alcohol under laboratory conditions, and it only needs a little proof that it can be produced, even if it has crossed this gap.

Alcohol produced by fermentation method - after the laboratory method proves that acetaldehyde can produce alcohol, how the alcohol comes from can be ignored. The experiment itself is not for industrial production, but to prove that there is no insurmountable gap between the two Gap - heating the alcohol in a water bath at [-] degrees and passing in chlorine gas to produce chlorine oil of chloral, which is then reacted with concentrated sulfuric acid to collect available chloral.

Add chloral to 20.00% water, stir it into a porridge, place it in a place where calcium chloride or slaked lime absorbs moisture and naturally dry it to crystallize, which is chloral hydrate, the first generation of sedative drugs.

This thing can not only be said to have crossed the gap between organic and inorganic, but also the gap between spirit and matter—this thing can effectively prove that spirit can be controlled by matter.

Well, the first generation of sedatives, keeping them can change people’s minds—in this way, let alone the essence of life, even the mind or soul can be manipulated with substances, and this substance is neither from herbs nor from Plants are synthesized from the simplest things in the whole process, and the source is only metal, lime, coke, chlorine gas...