From Chief to Ball

Chapter 85: Obtaining Knowledge through Investigating Things ([-])

Once this question was raised, Chen Jian was very aware of his two brushes, so he could only avoid the serious ones.

"Today we don't consider what matter is, nor do we talk about whether it exists before it is perceived, or whether it exists because of being perceived, let alone the human soul and consciousness, and only talk about the most basic matter that has nothing to do with people."

"In a sense...Of course, maybe I'm wrong...It's just that in a sense, matter is the first attribute of all things. First there is matter, and then there are other things."

"But as far as matter itself is concerned, matter itself also has inherent properties. For example, the inertia I mentioned, such as the mass defined just now, is inherent in matter itself."

As soon as this issue was touched upon, opposition voices have already appeared.Everyone has their own philosophy and there is no one mainstream or official ideology today.There is no god and no doctrine.

It seems a very simple sentence that matter is the first. Even though Chen Jian has deliberately bypassed many problems, there are still too many objections when it comes to this.

A few days ago, from mercury, atmospheric pressure to the model of the reciprocating steam engine and the analytic geometry of the coordinate system.None of this gets to the bottom of it, so these guys are both new and excited and at the same time happily taking it all in.

But now when philosophy has to be involved, there will inevitably be differences between the two sides, and this kind of difference is precisely the level that Chen Jian does not have an overwhelming advantage to refute.

Fortunately, the first question is not philosophical, but only the concept of the inherent properties of matter.

One person stood out from the crowd, saluted and asked, "Chen Jian, is speed an inherent property of matter?"

Chen Jian shook his head and said: "Speed ​​is relative, there is no absolute. If there is only one object in the world, then speed is meaningless, so this is not an inherent property of matter. If there is no reference to a void, how do you know that you are Why not go further?"

"You can tie a rope."

"So the rope determines not just one object, but two objects. In that case, how do you know if you're going forward or the rope is going backwards?"

Chen Jian said again: "For another example, if you are standing here now, you are motionless to us, but relative to the sun, are you moving? Obviously you are moving, but you are not moving relative to me."

The man also shook his head and said, "As you said, if there is only one substance, how do you know whether this substance has mass? Unless a second person appears to measure it."

"This is different from speed. The matter is there. Don't you close your eyes? Now, when I close my eyes, you are still there, right? I don't know if you are gone or not, but I know you must still be there." Mass must also have inertia. If you run fast and stumble, you will fall forward instead of backward. That is to say, inertia and mass do not need to be relative but exist absolutely."

"What's the difference between that pebble and a flying pebble?"

"A flying pebble is a pebble first, then a flying pebble."

"Then the flying stone has speed, does it also have the inertia you mentioned? What exactly is inertia? You said that speed is not inertia, but inertia is reflected in speed, right?"

Chen Jian was confused by this question, scratched his head and said: "To give an inappropriate example, a horse must have color, and then black, white, and yellow. Color is like inertia, and black, white, and yellow is like speed. Are there any horses in the world?" A horse of color? There is no horse without color, and a horse must have color.”

"If so, what color is the stone at rest?"

"A stone at rest has a relative speed of zero. You are right to say that it has speed, and it is right to say that it has no speed. The key is whether you think zero is meaningful or meaningless. The inertia of a stone is reflected in the forceless An instant. If it is stationary at this instant, then it is stationary; if it flies thirty steps per instant, then it will keep thirty steps per instant. Unless it is acted upon by an external force."

"And what is speed?"

"Speed ​​has two elements. Direction and quantity. Speed ​​must have a direction and must have a quantity. Therefore, if you say that a stationary stone has a velocity of zero, it means that its velocity is zero in any direction of the 360 ​​cycles of the sky. It's zero."

"Is there any speed in the world that has only quantity but no direction?"

"No."

"When Pangu opened the sky, was everything still or moving?"

"I don't know. After the opening of the sky, there is a world, and there is no world before the opening of the sky. After the opening of the sky, there are all things, and there is inertia. Relatively speaking, some are moving, and some are still, and they will not change unless they are subjected to additional forces. If Assuming that there is no slight force, then everything will tend to look like the moment the sky opened."

"At the moment when the sky opens, is it moving or still?"

"Unchanging movement is stillness. If a stone flies forward without any external force, then due to inertia, we can know its position at any time. This is a kind of stillness, a kind of stillness that only has the properties of matter itself."

"If a stone is flying in the air and divides time infinitely into infinitely small pieces, the stone does not move forward during this infinitely small time. Then it can be regarded as the speed of this stone at this moment—this infinitely small time—is Zero. Zero multiplied by infinity, is it zero?"

When this question was asked, a group of people laughed. It could be seen that it might be a joke, or it might be because Chen Jian answered so many questions suddenly, and the questioner really hoped that Chen Jian could answer them.

Chen Jian also laughed, and said helplessly: "If I could answer this question, I would have gone to the Shrine of the Sage long ago and picked up the staff of the high priest that no one dared to pick up for hundreds of years. I can't answer this question, because this question is my I don't understand. Who dares to answer this question?"

After looking around, everyone was laughing, but no one wanted to answer.

Those who try to answer this question have gone crazy for hundreds of years. If we learn from the past, those who have not gone crazy can only ignore this question consciously.

Several people also secretly breathed a sigh of relief. In just a few words, Chen Jian had already answered two questions.

I don't know the movement and stillness before the opening of the sky, and the stop of absolute time, which proves that at least this person has no ambition at this time to obtain the honor that everyone envies to the point of madness but dare not touch - omniscient, Explain the whole world.

When new problems are explained, newer problems are also created, and after this newer problem is solved, there may be more problems.

The person who asked the question was a little disappointed that there was still no answer to this question, but he still saluted Chen Jian solemnly to express his gratitude. After Chen Jian returned the salute, he laughed at himself: "This is like telling a story. Before telling a story, there is always a story." The background. Now the background is finally finished, and I can finally continue from this background. As I said, this is just a bold hypothesis, a possibility. Including everything we already know, there may be another explanation, But all these explanations are just hypotheses and even difficult to prove before explaining the world, it just depends on whether this hypothesis can be proved or falsified.”

"If one day someone came forward and said that people starved to death not because they didn't eat, but because of something else, such as a whirlwind blowing somewhere in the sea, so someone died of starvation... as long as he can proof, then we can also accept it.”

This time, everyone finally got good-natured laughter, and some weirder thoughts, such as asking Chen Jian if time is a substance, all stopped.Obviously, Chen Jian has surrendered, and there is no need to chase him to the end. Perhaps some people still want to know the relationship between force and quality.

Chen Jian was finally able to turn around and drew the force analysis of the ball on the slope.With hundreds of years of simple logical thinking and the basis of the coordinate system, force and reaction force, mass, inertia, and attraction that exist but do not know what they are, this force analysis can still be recognized.

"Gentlemen, let's understand one thing first. One catty of iron assumes that the force of attraction to all things is as long as a spring, so two catties of iron is twice, and three catties of iron is three times. That is to say, the attractive force experienced by an object of any mass is related to the mass, and the tiny force experienced by each tiny mass is the same. After the simple superposition method, the macroscopic and observable The readings are fed back to us."

"Then, the acceleration mentioned earlier is related to the overall force received and at the same time related to the overall mass, so it is only related to a coefficient that divides the overall force by the overall mass. We can put this force , called a certain force, the definition of this force is to produce as much force as B on an object with the mass of A, and it is and only related to mass.”

"As we all know, the amount of a catty is the amount of meat that Jixia's younger sister ate for a meal. Then we can also set a rule for this strength, so that it will be easier to talk about in the future. Speaking of strength, everyone What is the first animal that comes to mind?"

This time the answer was various, but the most common one was the cattle on the cultivated land.This group is a farming nation, and cattle are not the most powerful animals they have ever seen, but they are the first ones that come to mind when they talk about the concept of strength—as for tigers and elephants, they can’t even do farm work. No, naturally humble.

"That's good. Let's set this bull, which is the magnitude of the suction force on all things that a pound of matter is subjected to. Then, we learned just now that force is something that gives an object an acceleration. Then Let us now calculate how much the force of this cow can increase the speed of the object in the time of a drop of water?"

"This is a simple Pythagorean algorithm. It's just that the measurement is inaccurate. You can measure it again in the future. Let's roughly calculate it first, and then set it up at any angle to see if the algorithm is similar. There is no way, I want to ask someone It’s a pity that we can’t make the most exquisite clock and watch. This clepsydra timer also cost hundreds of silver coins to make, and it can drop [-] drops every hour, and we define the time of this drop.”

The second is a gleam of autumn grass. There is no such word in this world, but another word is chosen to replace it. It's just that this second is actually two seconds compared to another second.

Having completed the most basic definition, the remaining problems are much simpler.A force analysis plus the Pythagorean theorem can easily calculate an answer.

The final answer is that the force of one ox can increase the acceleration of a pound of objects by sixteen steps in one second.

This level is acceptable, subject to friction and measurement levels.Converted to the familiar result that Chen Jian is familiar with, it is [-] meters per second squared, which is one-fifth worse than [-], but it is acceptable.

After completing the most difficult definitions and philosophical concepts, the rest of the matter is a matter of course, and there is no need to bother to explain and define.

Chapter 86 Investigate things to know (end)

The wooden block was tilted again at several angles, and the people were divided into two groups.One group uses simple trigonometric functions to calculate, and the other group uses experiments to do it. The two groups do not talk to each other, and only look at the results at the end.

After repeating it more than 100 times in a row, the students in the mathematics class also joined in, and calculated the error between the results of these 100 times at the fastest speed.

Many people took a deep breath. Indeed, there are errors, but they are also aware of the crudeness of these instruments, so when the results of hundreds of measurements are similar to those calculated by trigonometric functions, they can't help but shouted.

"We explained the motion of objects!"

"Give me a more accurate watch, give me a smoother board, and I can make a more accurate reading of force than sixteen steps per second squared!"