My Daming New Empire

Knowing what it is, not knowing why it is, accepting the learning of the predecessors, not daring to question it, not being able to question it, this is a drawback of the Confucian thought of respecting teachers and respecting the way.

More than 1000 years ago, Aristotle dared to say that I love my teacher, and I love the truth more.

Try saying this in Huaxia, and I guarantee that you will be famous in the first place and will be criticized by thousands of people.

However, it was only the officials of the Ministry of Industry who fell into deep thought, and these young people in the young army did not have such complicated thoughts.They have received military obedience education since they were young, and all they have received are practical skills training, which are too esoteric for them.

However, being able to receive such summative new knowledge, they only have excitement and thinking in their hearts.

This topic is enough for this sake, so Zhu Zhanji moved to the next topic without waiting for them to question it.

"What is Neo-Confucianism? It is not Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism. Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism is just a branch of Confucianism. The real Neo-Confucianism is the science of truth based on materialism, the science of understanding. Its most representative knowledge is arithmetic. Shang Dynasty Man has used the decimal system, and has tools for drawing circles and right angles.

There are records about fractions in "Sun Tzu's Art of War" at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, and "Xunzi. Dalue" and other books in the Warring States Period recorded the ninety-nine tables for multiplication. The "Mo Jing" mentioned the concepts of point, line, surface, square, garden and even limit and variable in geometry.

But these are just calculation categories. The real mathematics should be the study of combinatorial calculation. I think it is more representative to call it mathematics.The most representative work of combinatorics is the "Book of Changes" written in the Spring and Autumn Period.The Book of Changes is extensive and profound, and its main idea is to contain the basis of combinatorial mathematical logic. "

This is another point that no one can argue with.The six arts of Zhouli include ritual, music, archery, imperialism, calligraphy, and mathematics.The so-called Six Arts of Confucianism is nothing more than keeping the Six Arts of Zhou Ri for one's own.

So now, they cannot say that mathematics is not important, because the application of mathematics can be said to be wider than that of Confucianism.A farmer may not be able to read or write, but he must know how to count, otherwise buying and selling things will be a problem.

If you want to bite the bullet and say it's not important, then why does Confucianism integrate these things into its own knowledge system?

Everyone didn't realize it at first, but now they realized Zhu Zhanji's cunning.He just digs holes and doesn't bury them. It's easy to ask questions, but it's hard to solve them.

Moreover, he is only 17 years old and he is a grandson, so others cannot blame him for this.On the contrary, because of his status, they must face up to these problems.

Now, they didn't interrupt at all, and wanted to hear what Zhu Zhanji wanted to express in the end.

"As for geoscience and astronomy, they can be divided to some extent, but there are fundamental differences. The same thing is that these two disciplines teach us to understand the world we live in, but astronomy focuses more on theory and the future. Geoscience focuses on application and the present. Through astronomy, we know spring, summer, autumn and winter, spring sows and summer seeds, autumn harvest and winter storage. Through geology, we can use everything in the world for human beings. Gold, silver, copper, iron and tin are all bestowed by this world on human beings. Even the earth that can be seen everywhere can be burned into bricks to build tall houses.

But the set we are using now is still the technology of more than 1000 years ago. Why have these technologies not been improved since they were invented, especially in the last 1000 years? "

Of course these officials from the Ministry of Industry knew the reason, but none of them dared to answer directly.At this time, everyone could vaguely guess what Zhu Zhanji wanted to express.

Although they were a little worried in their hearts, they were more excited, because an heir who valued the work of the Ministry of Industry would give them direct attention.

Compared with this, the academic status of Confucianism is not so important.

What's more, His Highness Taisun did not deny Confucianism, and he also agreed with Confucianism. He just paid more attention to combining theory with practice.

In terms of medicine, Zhu Zhanji doesn't know much about it, but in the past ten years, he has also deliberately followed the path of medical development and knows the development of some application technologies.

Zhu Zhanji took a sip of water, and then said: "2000 years ago, during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the current medical system was established based on the Five Elements Theory, "Huangdi Neijing", "Bianque Neijing", "Bianquewaijing", Chang Sangjun's "Book of Forbidden Prescriptions", "52 Prescriptions for Diseases", "Moxibustion Classic of Eleven Channels of Foot and Arm" and "Moxibustion Classic of Eleven Channels of Yin and Yang" were also written in that period.

When I was young, I listened to Bachelor Xie talk about the Three Kingdoms, and learned that during the Han Dynasty, Hua Tuo was able to scrape bones and open craniums, but why now, these medical skills have not only not been carried forward, but have also been lost.This is certainly due to the war, but more of it is still the future generations' complacency in these aspects. "

Although medical skills can save lives, the complexity of Chinese medicine often requires a person to spend a lifetime before entering the threshold.Therefore, there are very few people who can devote their energy to it.

This is more due to the lack of systematic decomposition. Almost every Chinese medicine practitioner is an all-rounder. They need to know the pulse, internal medicine, surgery, pediatrics, gynecology, recognize Chinese herbal medicine, and know how to brew medicine.

Moreover, due to the lack of channels for inheritance, everyone cherishes themselves, which is also an important reason for hindering the spread of medical skills.

This point must be reformed, and this reform will not touch the fundamental stability of society, and most people will agree.

More importantly, the effect of this reform is easy to see.As long as we don't train all-rounders, but only train specialists, the number of doctors can be greatly expanded in a short period of time.

The configuration of finished medicine can also greatly reduce the demand for doctors.For example, most of the prescriptions for trauma are the same, and the prescriptions for typhoid fever and colds are similar.

When talking about the last concept, Zhu Zhanji stood up and bowed to the ministers.All the ministers did not dare to neglect, and stood up one after another to return the salute.

Song Li was about to ask Zhu Zhanji what he meant, but he picked up a charcoal pencil and wrote the two big characters "Gewu" on the whiteboard behind him.

Then he turned around and said: "My gift is not for respecting people, but for respecting people. No matter how old you are or how high your position is, you are all in the study of things and have made due contributions. Song Shangshu built water conservancy, Wu Shangshu Building cities and mausoleums is a feat that benefits the country, the people, and future generations.”

Everyone was stunned and didn't understand why Zhu Zhanji suddenly raised Gewu to such a high position.At least in this era, people who do things are actually inferior to those who talk.

Take today's cabinet, the Hanlin Academy as an example, although their rank is pitifully low, they are extremely noble and everyone flocks to them.

However, the Ministry of Industry, a department related to national development, has to do almost everything, but it can only be ranked last among the six departments.

If this is the case in later generations, although the Ministry of Industry is divided into the Ministry of Science and Technology, the National Defense Science and Technology Commission, the Ministry of Land and Resources, the Ministry of Construction, the Ministry of Railways, the Ministry of Communications, the Ministry of Information Industry, the Ministry of Water Resources, and the Ministry of Commerce, almost every department is in the country. In the development plan, it occupies an important position.

Zhu Zhanji went on to say: "From investigating things to gain knowledge, we will find a problem, that is, the idea of ​​materialism has actually been established as early as the Spring and Autumn Period. Investigating things, this thing is all things. Cheng Yi in the Song Dynasty, on the basis of predecessors, It puts forward the idea that the style is still poor, the things are like the reason, and the thought is that the reason is only poor.

On the basis of Cheng Yi's thought, Zhu Xi put forward a systematic epistemology and its methods.He said that knowledge lies in me, and reason lies in things. The difference between me and things is the distinction between subject and object.

He believes that there are many ways to study things, ranging from Wuji and Taiji to tiny plants, trees and insects.From investigating things to knowing, there is a process from accumulation to sudden understanding.In order to penetrate, it takes effort to investigate and reason everything, from near to far, from shallow to deep, from rough to fine.Learned, interrogated, pondered carefully, discerned, divided into four sections, step by step, step by step.Poor principles must be studied exhaustively, the skin is the exterior, and the deep is the interior.People must go through such a process of understanding from the outside to the inside in order to achieve a deep understanding of the truth. "

During this period, it was the time when Zhu Cheng's Confucianism was shining, and their theories were deeply rooted in the hearts of the people.

Zhu Zhanji, who has received the education of later generations, cannot accept Zhu Xi, because the later tragedies in the entire Chinese history stem from the fact that Neo Confucianism has completely moved towards hegemony in him.

What Zhu Zhanji said is also the essence of his whole thought, and it still has its meaning.But that's all he has to shine.

This shining point was magnified, deified, and then turned into a monopoly.Those who follow me prosper and those who oppose me perish. From then on, hundreds of years of ideological imprisonment and castration began.

It's as if he built a framework in which anyone can only live, regardless of whether the framework can only accommodate a small number of people.

Even if the rest of the people cut off your arms and legs, they will still stuff them in, or even directly deprive you of your life.

This is a process from Confucianism to Confucianism and then to Confucianism.Even if the cause is good and correct, it turns crooked in the end, and even the purpose is distorted.

Chapter 94 Society (recommended)

Contrary to Cheng Zhu Neo Confucianism is Wang Yangming, who is known as the only saint in the next 500 years.

Zhu Zhanji admires Wang Yangming very much, because he is a Confucius of the Ming Dynasty.

But I have to say that Wang Yangming's theory is actually a mirage.

Wang Yangming's theory of mind is condensed into four sentences: "There is no goodness and no disgusting body. There is goodness and maliciousness. Knowing the good and knowing the evil is conscience, and doing good and eliminating evil is investigating things."

He believes that studying things is to establish one's original mind, do good and eliminate evil, and unite knowledge and action.

He has indeed done this, so he is a saint.

But, who can do the same as him?

not even one!

Because his theories, his ideas, are too demanding.Except for him, a saint, no one else can do it.

Therefore, his psychology did not conform to reality, and he declined directly after his death.

Taking people's thoughts as the foundation has no basis in reality, because a person's thoughts are always changing.

"but……"