Travel through the Qing Dynasty and become emperor

Britain promised to return Hong Kong and Kowloon, and was also willing to return the customs duties of the Qing Dynasty, acknowledging that Burma belonged to the Qing Dynasty.

And agreed to use 200 million pounds to redeem the 20 British troops captured in Burma and before, but the British refused to return the indemnities for the two Opium Wars, but proposed that as long as China is willing to send troops to Russia, once the UK declares war on Russia, it will fund China 1000. million pounds in military spending.

In the past two weeks, Xinjiang, Mongolia, and Heilongjiang bordering Russia have accumulated nearly 2 troops from the Qing Dynasty.Staring at Russia, the poor Russians were still adding troops to Turkey and Afghanistan in the end. They received information that the Qing Dynasty had 40 troops entering Burma, and Yunnan even hoarded 30 new troops as a reserve.

Other parts of the country are empty of troops and unable to go north at all, so they are more brazenly increasing their troops in the direction of Turkey, and they do not take China into their eyes at all, and treat them as a real opponent.

The signing of the Sino-British armistice agreement caused an uproar at home and abroad.Anyone with a discerning eye can see who is the real winner. Although the British fought on multiple fronts, it still makes the whole world look at this big country in the east with admiration.

If the strategic military alliance signed between Germany and China was more about earning money from this big eastern country, but now it has to consider that it will need military support from this country one day in the future.Especially in this Sino-British Burmese war, the power of the grenade was shown. This new type of portable weapon has taught the world a vivid lesson.

In the 12th year of Guangxu, July 1986, 7 AD.The king of Burma officially presented the land, and Burma was included in the territory of the Qing Dynasty.From then on, Myanmar became an independent province of the Qing Dynasty and was called Myanmar Province.

Burma was garrisoned by the veteran Feng Zicai and sent Kang Youwei as the first governor of Burma.

Liu Mingchuan's troops returned to Yunnan and Guizhou provinces to garrison, Liu Yongfu's troops continued to garrison in Vietnam and North Vietnam provinces, and Pan Dongmin's, Wu Ping's, and Nie Shicheng's troops stationed in Xining, Xuzhou, and Taiyuan respectively.

Under such a large-scale mobilization of troops by Guan Xuqing, Russia finally recovered.The entire Siberia region was completely exposed to the Qing Dynasty, but it is not so easy to withdraw from Afghanistan, Iran, Turkey and other places at this time.

Under the strong suppression of the United Kingdom, Russia is struggling to hold on to the colonies it has won.It is impossible to spare excess troops to return home, and it is impossible to gather more troops from the country to return to Siberia in a short period of time.

There is only one cavalry division and one group army with a total of 8 people, but facing the nearly 30 troops of the Qing Dynasty, it is not worth mentioning.

On the one hand, Russia is nervously negotiating peace with Britain, unwilling to give up the benefits it has obtained, and wants to end the war quickly.But the United Kingdom has just suffered a dumb loss from China, so how can it let go of the hungry wolf of Russia.

On the other hand, the Russian minister asked Guan Xuqing many times to ask about the increase of troops on the Sino-Russian border, but Guan Xuqing refused.

Alexander III only learned the cunning of the Chinese at this time, but it was too late.China's more than 30 troops are already at its gate, and they may enter their home at any time.But I am powerless to resist at this time, and it seems unclear whether the interests I have obtained in Turkey, Afghanistan and other places can be kept.

At this time, Alexander III frantically reprimanded General Podolnov: "China has assembled more than 30 troops on the Sino-Russian border, and the intention of the North is obvious. Tell me, can you defeat those barbarians? Chinese."

"Your Majesty, China is a cunning nation. They got everything they wanted in Burma, and now they don't want to fulfill their promise to pay us the military expenses for sending troops. That's why so many teams have assembled on the Sino-Russian border. In fact, they don't Without the ability to commit crimes in the north, first of all, their war in Burma has consumed too much of their energy. Moreover, they dare not offend the two superpowers in the world at the same time. As long as His Majesty promises not to ask them to charge military expenses, I believe they will withdraw their troops. "Podolnov said calmly.

Alexander III yelled: "I'm asking how sure you can hold our empire's land, not asking you to analyze whether China will send troops. You are a soldier, you only need to consider possible wars, not a politician To judge the future trend of the country.”

Podolnov shook his head helplessly and said: "It's a pity, Your Majesty. Now our troops in Siberia can't resist China's attack at all. The nearest troops can go from Okhotsk in the east to Salekhard

Build a second line of defense.To stop the invasion of the Chinese army, let alone we don't know where the Chinese army will come in. The border between the two countries is too long. "

Compete in East Asia Chapter 98 China sends troops

With the end of the Sino-British Burma War, Guan Xuqing had already set his sights on the land of Siberia.

Although he knew in his heart that Britain's defeat this time was not because the Qing Dynasty had an overwhelming advantage in combat power or the people who had already fallen in Britain were bullied by others, the main reason was that the British Empire had too many colonies and could not take into account the simultaneous In war, since ancient times, unless one has considerable strength in multi-line warfare, one will be dragged to death. Germany in World War I and World War II has shown this to Guan Xuqing.What's more, this time it is the United Kingdom, which has gone downhill.

The high-profile report of "Daqing Daily" made the people regard Guan Xuqing as a god again.What was defeated this time was the empire on which the sun never set, which was invincible at the time. For the Qing Dynasty, the withdrawal of customs duties could not only earn a large amount of tax money, but also restrict the import of various foreign items.The first thing to be banned by Guan Xuqing was opium, and raising tariffs could protect the development of national enterprises.

This battle led to a prosperous Guangxu era. After taking back Hong Kong, the Qing Dynasty was no longer a colony of any country.However, Jiaozhou Bay, which was rented out in order to form an alliance with Russia, has been brutally occupied by "Jiyuan". Several Russian gunboats docked in the port have already evacuated the harbor that theoretically still belongs to them.

And Britain, which is full of anger, has suffered such a big loss in Myanmar, of course it hopes to gain something in other places.

The barbaric invasion of Burma and Russia, the United Kingdom concentrated all its forces in the Far East in Afghanistan, Turkey, and Iran to fight back against the land occupied by Russia.Regardless of Russia's proposal to return the land of Turkey and Iran, and only retain part of the interests of Afghanistan and other conditions, it just blindly and frantically attacks any place where there are Russians.

In Xinjiang, Heilongjiang, and Mongolia, more than 30 elite troops of the Qing Dynasty were assembled. Alexander III was helpless.

But more than half a month has passed, and the Qing Dynasty only assembled troops without any deviant actions.This made Alexander III unable to understand.

In fact, as the Russian general Podolnov said, the entire Qing Dynasty expanded by 40 troops.Before the Sino-British Burma War, the country’s gun bureaus and massive orders from various countries were exhausted and the equipment was barely completed after working overtime. After the war, the consumption of ammunition was very serious.

The situation in Myanmar was unstable, so guns and ammunition were urgently transferred from the rest of the troops to Myanmar, resulting in a serious shortage of ammunition for the three 10,000+ armies in Heilongjiang, Xinjiang, and Mongolia. Some troops even had cannons but no shells.There are only guns and no bullets.Therefore, after the troops are assembled, they still need to wait for the replenishment of ammunition.

However, the British wanted to suppress the hungry wolf of Russia.He repeatedly urged Guan Xuqing to use troops against Russia, hoping to fulfill the terms of the Sino-British Burmese armistice agreement, and said that he had prepared 1000 million pounds of military expenditure.

Of course Guan Xuqing understood that the British were using him as a saber.Suppressing Russia indirectly helped Britain, and also made China completely offend Russia, and there will never be peace in northern Xinjiang.Britain will have the opportunity to attack Burma again. How can these small calculations escape Guan Xuqing's eyes.But what was before him was not the question of whether to fight Russia, but the question of ammunition.

Years of wars caused the money in the Qing treasury to flow out like running water.Just had a little surplus, and immediately expanded 40 troops.

In addition, last year I purchased a complete set of shipbuilding machines from France, hired a large number of foreign engineers and designers, and are working hard to build an ironclad ship of the same level as "Zhenyuan". Eight 18.5mm secondary guns were added to the side strings.There are a total of 15.5 guns over 240mm on the ship, and two 240mm main guns on the front deck and two on the rear deck.There are a total of 12 other 370mm and 180mm cannons and machine guns. If manufactured, it would definitely be the most powerful ironclad ship in the world at that time, with a displacement slightly larger than "Zhenyuan", with a displacement of 140 tons.

Guan Xuqing is well aware that in modern warfare with aircraft, command of the sea still plays a decisive role.Therefore, I dare not relax at all in the investment of the navy. In order to build the most terrifying ironclad ship in the world, on the one hand, I recalled the single-handled super ship that studied shipbuilding technology in Germany and returned to Mawei Naval Port to study with French engineers. On the other hand, I specially approved two ships. One hundred million taels of silver is the most expensive, and once it is successfully manufactured, it will be mass-produced.

With the help of French designers, Tang Hong, the technical director of Jiangnan Shipbuilding Bureau, is building a cruiser identical to "Riding the Wind" and "Breaking the Waves", and one has already been launched for sea trials.In order to celebrate the Qing Dynasty's creation of the world's most advanced cruiser, Guan Xuqing specially named the ship "Rising".

Everything became reality bit by bit according to Guan Xuqing's plan. Finally, after three reminders and four requests from the British, and after the ammunition of each army was fully replenished, Guan Xuqing finally issued an order to march against Russia.

The so-called teachers are famous, and Guan Xuqing's eloquent declaration of war to safeguard the country's territorial integrity is full of enthusiasm.

The Chinese people watched with enthusiasm, and there were no accusations or protests internationally, and even received a British military sponsorship of 1000 million pounds.

"Tsarist Russia has long established its national policy of conquering the Asian and European continents, and the Pacific Ocean. Hundreds of years ago, the Treaty of Nerchinsk stipulated that the Geerbiti River near the Chuorna River flows down to the left bank of the Shilka River as the border between the two countries.

From the stone mountain at the source of the river, along the ridge of the mountain to the sea: all the rivers that flow into the Amur River in the south of the mountain belong to the Qing Dynasty.However, the Tsarist-Russian wolf was ambitious, and often crossed the border to rob, murder and set fire, and repeatedly used the excuse of redrawing the border to cut off our Daqing territory. Our Qing Dynasty, in line with the welfare of mankind and world peace, endured and gave way again and again.Tsarist Russia, the original aggressor, was able to reflect after suffering actual punishment.

At this time, all the friendly countries are also extremely patient, hoping that they will repent and maintain the peace of the entire Pacific Ocean.Unexpectedly, the brutal Tsarist Russia is obsessed with obsession, and even openly provokes our British allies, expands its war and aggression actions, and is willing to be the leader of destroying the peace and justice of all mankind, fulfilling its insatiable ambition of aggression.All countries that respect faith and righteousness cannot bear it.Zite formally declared war on Russia, declaring to China and foreign countries that all treaties, agreements and contracts involving the relationship between China and Russia shall be abolished.Special Guangxu 12th August [-]th. "

In one sentence, all treaties, agreements and contracts involving the relationship between China and Russia shall be annulled.Let the military alliance signed by China and Russia become a piece of waste paper. Not only does it not have to fulfill the terms of paying military expenses, but it also does not need to lease Jiaozhou Bay. It is also an excuse to send troops to its friendly country, Britain.After seeing Guangxu's declaration of war, Alexander III was so mad that he didn't even know his family.Hit people and throw things away.

The sporadic blockade by Tsarist Russia could not resist the attack of more than 30 cavalry in the Qing Dynasty, not to mention that there was no danger to defend on the Siberian Plain. The weather in August and September made the soldiers who stayed in the south for a long time feel no discomfort. For many months, the Qing cavalry swept across Siberia like a storm.

What makes Russia even more embarrassed is that it has signed two armistice agreements with two countries within one month, and signed an armistice agreement with Britain and paid huge sums of money.The signing of the armistice agreement with China cut off 200 million square kilometers of land.

So far, the border between China and Russia has been redrawn, from Nikolaevsk in the east to Novosibirsk in the west.

The return of a large area of ​​land makes China's conventional army even more insufficient.However, the Qing Dynasty now adopts the professional military system that was more popular at that time, and the more popular military service system in later generations has not been promoted.

Competing in East Asia Chapter 99 Currency Reform

In mid-October, after receiving a huge indemnity from Russia, Britain fulfilled its promise to pay the Qing Dynasty 1000 million pounds.Frankly speaking, after the Sino-British Burma War, the British hated the Chinese deeply.Guan Xuqing holds 1000 million pounds but can't buy anything in the UK, which can't help but give him a great headache, but they will definitely make a considerable difference if they use pounds to buy goods from Germany and the United States.Therefore, the currency reform of the Qing Dynasty is imminent.

However, it is still quite difficult to realize the reform of the currency, because the governors of various places are now earning money from the common people through "fire consumption" and "lijin" to fill their own pockets.Therefore, the reform of the currency has harmed the interests of governors in various places to a certain extent.

"Huo consumption" originated in the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty. After Zhang Juzheng implemented a whip method, taxation of silver was generally levied. Since the amount of tax paid by the people was not too much, most of the silver was small pieces of broken silver. In the state treasury, the broken silver has to be smelted into large pieces. The state and county officials require the people to make up for the losses that occur in the process of smelting the broken silver. Therefore, in addition to the taxable silver, the taxpayers have to pay more. Part of it is called "fire consumption", which is used to compensate for the loss of smelting broken silver and transportation costs.

According to the loss law of broken silver smelting, the general loss rate is about 1% to 2%, but the state and county officials wantonly overcharged, every two increases to two or three dollars, and the additional tax reaches 20% to 30% of the regular tax, sometimes even higher.In the early Qing Dynasty, the collection of fire consumption was even worse than that of the Ming Dynasty. During the Kangxi period, the collection of fire consumption in all provinces reached 30% of the general provinces.

As for lijin, it is another thing that harms the people.Lijin originated from the fact that Xianfeng raised military pay for suppressing the Taiping Army in Daying Jiangbei.At that time, the Qing court had no spare money to pay military expenses, and the Qing Dynasty had set the iron law of "never adding taxes" as early as the Shunzhi period.

So at that time, the court officials came up with a trick to set up bureaus in various places to persuade them to donate.It is said to be a donation, but it is actually a disguised gift.

There are as many as 230 bureaus nationwide.There are too many bureau cards, and too many people are employed.The errands of the bureau are the best, and the salary of the bureau is not much, and the huge sum of money is mainly obtained through erosion and cutting.If you get a difference of one percent, you can get ten thousand gold or three or five thousand gold every year.In the officialdom, there is a saying that "the lack of prefectures and counties in one year is not as good as that in one year".

In the same area, not only the donation bureau system is complex, but also there are various donations.Take Jiangbei as an example.There are four systems for collecting donations: Jiangbei Liangtai, Jiangnan Liangtai, Caohe Governor, and Yuan Jiasan Military Camp. The distance from Yangzhou to Huai'an is only [-] miles, and there are eight centicards in the middle; Suzhou to Kunshan is only more than [-] miles away. Cash cards everywhere.

Donations include finger donation, loan donation, mu donation, house donation, shop donation, boat donation, salt donation, rice donation, salary donation, card donation, gun boat donation, embankment donation, board per cent donation, and live per cent donation , Grass donation, Ludang donation, landing donation and so on.Even the Jiangnan and Jiangbei military camps, in order to compete for the source of salary, had disputes over crossing the border to set up checkpoints.

The tax is so heavy that it not only hinders the circulation of goods, but also inhibits the development of production.at the same time.Since the likin Chinese merchant tax came entirely from Chinese merchants rather than foreign merchants, this system hindered the circulation of local goods in the market and was conducive to the dumping of foreign foreign goods, thus strengthening the competitiveness of foreign goods against local goods.

After changing the monetary system, if silver is no longer used as the main currency in circulation, then the fire consumption will disappear.It lightened the burden on the common people, but it made the governors of all places lose a tool to grab money.